Scribd
Upload
32 views

Energy Level Diagram..

Uploaded by

zainabhashmi334
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
32 views

Energy Level Diagram..

Uploaded by

zainabhashmi334
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Presentation

Presented by Zainab Hashmi


22012410-019
Topic: Energy level and spectra/ Energy
level diagram
Definition

• A photon is emitted when an electron jumps from


one energy level to a lower level.
•The various permitted orbits involve different
electron energies. The electron En is given in terms
of the orbit radius rn.
Derivation

E=K.E+P.E

=1/2mv²+(-e²/4πε.r)

=1/2mv²-e²/4πε.r

=1/2m(e²/4πε.mr)-e²/4πεr

=e²/8πε.r-e²/4πεr
Derivation

=-e²/8πε.r

=-e²/8πε.(n²h²ε./e²πm)

=-me⁴/8ε.²n²h²

=-me⁴/8ε.²h²(1/n²)
Derivation

En=E1/n²

=13.6 ev/n². (n=1,2,3….)

E1=-2.18×10-¹⁸ J =-13.6ev
Explanation

The energy specified by this eq are called the energy


levels of the hydrogen atom. These levels are signifies
that the electron does not have enough energy to escape
from the nucleus.
An atomic electron can have only these energies and no
others. An analogy might be a person on a ladder, who
can stand only on its steps and not in between.
Energy level of hydrogen atom
Explanation

•The lowest energy level E1is called the ground state of the atom, and the higher
levels E2, E3, E4,….. Are called excited states. As the quantum number n increases,
the corresponding energy En approaches closer to 0. In the limit of n=infinity ,E
infinity= 0and the electron is no longer bound to the nucleus to form an atom.
•A positive energy for a nucleus-electron combination means that the electron is free
and has no quantum conditions to fulfill; such a combination does not constitute an
atom, of course.The work needed to remove an electron from an atom in its ground
state is called its ionization energy. The ionization energy is accordingly equal to E1,
the energy that must be provided to raise an electron from its ground state to an
energy of E= 0,when it is free. In the case of hydrogen, the ionization energy is 13.6
eV since the ground-state energy of the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV.
Origin of line spectra

•We must now confront the equations developed above with experiment. An
especially striking observation is that atoms exhibit line spectra in both emission
and absorption. Do such Spectra follow from our model?
• The presence of discrete energy levels in the hydrogen atom suggests the
connection. Let us suppose that when an electron in an excited state drops to a
lower state, the lost energy is emitted as a single photon of light. According to our
model, electrons cannot exist in an atom except in certain specific energy levels.
The jump of an electron from one level to another, with the difference in energy
between the levels being given off all at once in a photon rather than in some
more gradual manner, fits in well with this model.

You might also like