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Finiteandnonfiniteverbs

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26 views

Finiteandnonfiniteverbs

Uploaded by

Shibani Mallick
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FINITE AND NON-FINITE

VERBS

English Grammar
BASIC DIFFERENCE
(PLACEMENT OF VERBS)
• Ram went to the market to purchase groceries
• Sheetal ran fast to win first prize
(First Verb – Just after Subject;
Second Verb – Elsewhere in the sentence)

Other Examples:
• She studies English to improve her communication skills.
• They study English to score high in examinations.
• He has studied English to get a good job.
• I am studying English to impress my friend.
(Observe the change in the first verb – depends on ??)
VERB

Finite Verb Non Finite Verb

• Finite Verb: A verb used according to the


subject and tense.
• Comes after the subject
• Changes according to Singular/ Plural subject
• Changes according to the tense of the sentence/
clause
IMPORTANT TO KNOW
Joseph was eating food and watching TV.
(Both verbs are joined by conjunction so both
are Finite Verbs)
 Akshita along with her friends came to meet
Surabhi.
(Do not consider phrase (if any) between
subject and first verb)
• Non-Finite/ Infinite Verb: A verb that is not
changed according to the subject or tense.
• Comes without subject in a sentence/ clause
• Used as Noun/ Adjective/ Adverb
• Normally used with “to”

Examples:
• I want to go to school.
• Jatin wants to go to school.
• They wanted to go to the school.
• They made me weep
Types of Non-Finite Verbs

Non-Finite
Verbs

Gerund Infinitive Participle


GERUND

(Verb+ ing) having the function of a noun is called a Gerund or Verbal noun.

Example:
Meena enjoys watching TV.
Main verb Gerund
GERUND CAN HAVE THE FOLLOWING
FUNCTIONS IN A SENTENCE:

As the subject


• Eating is good for health.
(Subject)

As the object


• I like reading.
(Object)

As the object of preposition


• Divya thinks about going to Kerala.
(O. of Pre)
INFINITIVE
To + verb or only the base form of the verb which has the
function of a noun is called Infinitive.

Example:
•She likes to play soccer.
•I want to get more serious with my studies.
•David and I agreed to meet at 4 o’clock.
•The weather is too hot to play soccer.
•The class is big enough to study in it.
PARTICIPLE
• Present Participle: When “Verb-I + ing” work as
adjective
Example:
• I found children sleeping
• The ship sinks in the rising waves

• Past Participle: When “Verb-III” works as an


adjective
Example:
• No educated person was there
• It is a part of a broken jar
PARTICIPLE

• Perfect Participle: “Having + Verb-III”. When a


verb works as an adjective as well as indicates
that work is done/ completed.

Example:
• Having done my duty, I went home.
• Having finished my class, I got spare time for
playing.
EXERCISES
Let's start with a simple exercise to familiarise ourselves with these verb forms. Look at
the sentences provided below and identify the verbs. Then, determine whether they are
finite or non-finite verbs.

1. The cat chased the mouse across the yard.

2. I am learning to play the guitar.

3. They were laughing at the joke.

4. Sarah needs to finish her homework before going to bed.

5. The sun was setting, painting the sky in hues of orange and pink.

6. The children love to play in the park.

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