TECHNIQUE ANSWERING PHYSICS

MEASUREMENT
1. CALCULATION

• 2 Marks questions: Must show

substitution/ working
• Final answer: 3 decimal places
• Unit: must show
• Prefix: correspondent to correct value
• 2 solutions: not acceptable even one of 2

the answer right.

02/10/2021
1. CALCULATION

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2. DEFINITION

What
only is thesymbol,
meaning of explain all symbol)
 Derived Quantity >>> can explain by using formula

pressure?
(If write must

;
F= force,
A= Area Must define W, m and
g
✗ W = mg
(Weight is
✗ W = mass x gravitational force gravitational force

✗ W = mass x gravity Gravity is force

✓ W = mass x acceleration due to gravity

4

✓ W= gravitational force 02/10/2021

2. DEFINITION
 Non-physical quantity / base quantity >>> must write accurate

Physical quantity that cannot be defined in terms

of other quantity.
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PHYSICAL QUANTITIES

PHYSICAL Quantity that can be

QUANTITY measured

BASE QUANTITY DERIVED QUANTITY

Physical quantities Physical quantities that are

that cannot be derived derived by multiplying or
from other physical dividing or both of other
quantity physical quantities.

Chapter 1: Measurement 6
 BASE QUANTITIES
Base quantity and its S.I. unit and its
symbol symbol
Length l metre m
Mass m Kilogram kg
Time t second s
Electric I Ampere A
current
Normally used Temperature T Kelvin K
in Chemistry
refers to the Luminous Iv Candela cd
quantity of an Intensity
element or a
compound Amount of n Mole mol
substance 7
 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES

Length = 30.0 cm width = 22.0 cm thickness

= 3.0 cm
How can we determine the area dan volume of
the book?
Area = length x width
= 30.0 cm x 22. 0 cm
= 660 cm x cm = 660 cm2

Volume = length x width x thickness

= 30.0 cm x 22. 0 cm x 3.0
cm
= 1980 cm x cm x cm
= 1980 cm3
Area & Volume: DERIVED 8

QUANTITY
DERIVED QUANTITIES

9
Derived quantity and FormulaIn terms In terms S.I. unit
its symbol of base of S.I. (specific
DERIVED quantitie base
QUANTITIES unit) if
s units any
Area A 2
𝐴= 𝑙
Volume V 3
𝑣 =𝑙
𝑚 𝑚
Density 𝜌=
𝑠 𝑣 𝑙𝑙 × 𝑙 × 𝑙
Velocity v 𝑣=
𝑡 𝑡
Acceleratio a 𝑣
n 𝑎=
𝑡
Force F 𝐹 =𝑚 × 𝑎 Newton
𝑝=𝑚 × 𝑣 (N)
Momentu P
m
Pressure P Pascal (Pa)
10

Energy or W Joule (J)

work
Unit of =mxm
= m2
kg ms-1
area:

mxmxm= ms-1 =
m3 ms-2
s
Kg = kgm- kg ms-2 = Newton =
3
N
m3
N = N m-2 = Pascal =
m = ms-1 Chapter 1: Measurement
Pa 11

s m2
Unit of = Nm
work = Joule = J

J = J s-1 = Watt =
W
s

Chapter 1: Measurement 12
 PHYSICAL Quantity that can be
QUANTITY measured

SCALAR QUANTITY VECTOR QUANTITY

Physical quantity Physical quantity which has both

which has magnitude magnitude and direction
only
Chapter 1: Measurement 13
ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPRET GRAPH

Type of graph:
Line: Straight
line
yes
Through origin:
Gradient : positive

Interpret graph:

y is directly proportional
to x.
Chapter 1: Measurement 14
ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPRET GRAPH

Type of graph:
Line: Straight
line
No
Through origin:
Gradient positive
:

Interpret graph:
y increases linearly with
x
Chapter 1: Measurement 15
ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPRET GRAPH

Type of graph:
Line: Straight
line
No
Through origin:
Gradient Negative
:

Interpret graph:
y decreases linearly with x

Chapter 1: Measurement 16
ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPRET GRAPH

Type of graph:
Line: curved
yes
Through origin:
Gradient : positive

Interpret graph:
Y increases with x

Chapter 1: Measurement 17
ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPRET GRAPH

Type of graph:
Line: curved
no
Through origin:
Gradient : negative

Interpret graph:
Y decreases with x

Chapter 1: Measurement 18
ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPRET GRAPH

Type of graph: Type of graph:

Line:curved Line: straight

No (doest yes
Through origin:
Through origin:
not cut both
Gradient axes)
:Negative Gradient :positive
gradient

Interpret graph:
Chapter 1: Measurement 19
Y is inversely proportional to x
ANALYSING GRAPHS
THE GRADIENT OF THE GRAPH

Chapter 1: Measurement 20
 ANALYSING GRAPHS
THE GRADIENT OF THE GRAPH

SPM 2011

• Draw a sufficiently
Calculate the large triangle
gradient, m¸ of • Correct substitution
the graph P
against θ. • Correct answer with
units

Show on the
graph how you m = 0.28 kPa °C–1
calculate the
value of m. 
[3 marks] 
prepared by TEOH ML m = 0.2810/20/2024
kPa /°C ✗ 21
ANALYSING GRAPHS
THE GRADIENT OF THE GRAPH

 / C
y
4.0
Gradient, m = 4.0 C
0.3 g-1 
3.0 x

2.0  m = 13.33 C g

1.0
prepared by TEOH ML 10/20/2024 22

0.1 0.2 0.3 1/m / g-1

 ANALYSING GRAPHS
THE GRADIENT OF THE GRAPH

SPM 2006

Calculate the • Draw a sufficiently

gradient, m, large triangle
• Correct substitution
when I = 0.2 A.
Show on the • Correct answer with
graph how you units
determine m. m = 21.67 V A-1
[4 marks]

prepared by TEOH ML 10/20/2024 23

ANALYSING GRAPHS
THE GRADIENT OF T GRAPH

Calculation problem involving the gradient

Reminder!
1)Use the value of gradient obtained in
previous question
2) Check for the conversion of units
3) Substitute figures at the correct
places
4) Write the final answer in decimal
number
prepared by TEOH ML 10/20/2024 24
(Do not give the answer in fraction!!!)
5) Do not forget the UNIT
ANALYSING GRAPHS
THE GRADIENT OF THE GRAPH

Chapter 1: Measurement 25
ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPOLATION

Chapter 1: Measurement 26
ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPOLATION
2(a)(ii) Determine Corresponding Value
P / Nm -2

4.0  P = 4.0 Nm-2

3.0

2.0

1.0

prepared by TEOH ML 10/20/2024 27

1.0 2.0 3.0 h / cm

 ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPOLATION

2(a)(ii) Determine Corresponding Value

 / C

4.0 
1/m = 0.3 g-1

m = 3.3 g 

3.0

2.0 
1.0
prepared by TEOH ML 10/20/2024 28

0.1 0.2 0.3 1/m / g-1

 ANALYSING GRAPHS
INTERPOLATION
SPM 2009
Determine the value of x when a = 12 cm.
Show on the graph, how you determine the value of x.
[3 marks]

• Show on graph
• Show the value from graph
=0.5 cm-1
prepared by TEOH ML

• State the answer with the unit
10/20/2024 29
ANALYSING GRAPHS
EXTRAPOLATION

Chapter 1: Measurement 30
EXTRAPOLATION
SPM 2011

Determine the value of θ when P = 0 kPa.

[ 2 marks]


• Show the extrapolation

on the graph
• State the value with
right unit
θ = –273°C

prepared by TEOH ML 10/20/2024 31