Scribd
Upload
5 views

Preparing Chapter 3 Revised

Uploaded by

John Philip Nadal III
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views

Preparing Chapter 3 Revised

Uploaded by

John Philip Nadal III
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

PREPARING CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY
Purpose of Research Methodology
• To demonstrate that researcher is
aware of the research methods used
to study the topic at hand
• To explain and justify the method
and approach of data collection and
analysis used.
Contents of Chapter 3
 Research Design
 Research Procedures
 Research Instruments/
Data Gathering Tools/ Materials and
Equipment
 Statistical Tools for Data Analysis
 Validation Process
 Endnotes
RESEARCH DESIGN/METHOD
• This subsection contains the categorized/classified
procedure for conducting research.
Four Types:
a. Descriptive – focuses on the present condition by
describing, characterizing, or providing a picture of the
research subjects, respondents or population without
changing the environment
b. Historical - attempts to record, describe, organize or
analyse past events of people or certain entity
b. Case study - examines intensively an individual,
institution, community or any group
c. Experimental – approach to describe what will be
when variables are carefully controlled to discover a
Purpose and Data Sources
Method Purpose Source/s of Data
Historical To search through the past for • Documents or records
solutions to contemporary • Remains such as
problems/needs equipment, devices,
pictures, etc.
Case analysis To determine the remedial or • People who personally
adjustment action to apply know the subject under
study
• Documents/records about
the subject
• The subject itself if capable
to give data
Experimental To reveal cause and effect Data resulting from
relationship; validate a experiment
hypothesis
Descriptive To find new truth (knowledge, • Respondents of survey
law, relationship/association, • Documents/records
formula, etc.) • Results of testing
Descriptive Design
• This method focuses on the present condition
purposely to find new truth
• It is valuable in:
– providing facts on which scientific judgments may
be based
– providing information about the nature of subjects
– for closer observation of practices, behavior,
methods or procedures
– formulation of policies in the local, national or
international level
Some Types of Descriptive Research
1. Descriptive-survey – examines a group of respondents to
come up with an appropriate description of such group of
respondents
2. Descriptive-analysis – describes the nature of objects by
separating its structure and composition that occur as
units within the larger structure
3. Descriptive-evaluative – appraises the worthiness of the
current study (implementation of a program)
4. Descriptive-comparative – considers two variables (not
manipulated) and establishes a formal procedure to
compare and conclude that one is better than the other
5. Descriptive-correlational - designed to determine the
relationship of two variables
Developmental Research
Developmental research has been defined as
the systematic study of designing, developing, and
evaluating instructional programs, processes, and
products that must meet criteria of internal
consistency and effectiveness.
Developmental research is particularly
important in the field of instructional technology. The
most common types of developmental research
involve situations in which the product-development
process is analyzed and described, and the final
product is evaluated.
Experimental Design
• This is a problem-solving approach on what
will be when variables are carefully controlled
or manipulated
• This design is expected to reveal cause and
effect relationships
• It is the most prestigious method for
advancing S&T/ R&D because it is production-
oriented
Considerations in Experimental Research
1. Manipulation - something is purposefully changed by
the researcher in the environment
2. Control - used to prevent outside factors from
influencing the study outcome
3. Random assignment - assigning individuals to an
experimental treatment or program at random or by
chance
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
• Respondents are those persons who have
been invited to participate in a particular
study and have actually taken part in the study
• Describe also the sampling technique on how
researcher(s) selected the respondents
• Mention how many respondents participated
in the study
DATA GATHERING TOOLS
• Data collection tools refer to the devices/instruments
used to collect data for the conduct of the study. It
may include the description of the following;
 questionnaires
 interviews (structured/unstructured)
 focus group discussions (FGD),
 site investigation/observation,
 photography,
 documentary analysis
MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT USED

• Mention in this section the


materials and equipment to be
used in the preparation/
conduct of the study
RESEARCH PROCEDURE
• This subsection contains the detailed or step-by-step process of
coming up with the prototype/device
- planning
- design
- fabrication
- lay-outing
- wiring
- testing
- casing
- programming
- interfacing
- performance evaluation
- cost analysis
RESEARCH PROCEDURE
-Provide a process flow of the procedure adopted
STATISTICAL TREATMENT
• This subsection contains the statistical
tools used in the study to process the
data usually from research methods
adopted
• Indicate the tool and formula used and in
what part of the data it will be used
Common Statistical Tools and Uses
1 Frequency count For getting frequency distribution and
proportions of sex, educational
2 Percentage qualifications and other qualitative
information

3 Weighted mean For getting over-all values of age,


Arithmetic mean income and other measured values

4 Chi-square analysis If dependency between variables is


sought

5 T-test If a cause-effect relationship between


variables is sought

6 F-test If the significance of the variation of


responses is being determined

You might also like