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Types of Busbar Scheme

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70 views

Types of Busbar Scheme

Uploaded by

Tahir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

1.SINGLE BUS
2.MAIN BUS AND TRANSFER BUS
3.DOUBLE BUS DOUBLE BREAKER
4.DOUBLE BUS SINGLE BREAKER
5.RING BUS
6.BREAKER AND HALF
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

1.Single Bus
 As the name implies, the single bus substation configuration consists of all circuits connected to
a main bus. A fault on the bus or between the bus and circuit breaker will result in an outage of
the entire bus or substation. Failure of a single circuit breaker will also result in an outage of the
entire bus.
 Maintenance of any circuit breaker requires shutdown of the corresponding circuit/line and
maintenance of the bus requires a complete shutdown of the bus. A bypass switch across the
breaker should be used for maintenance of the corresponding breaker. Circuit protection is
disabled in this case.
 The single bus substation configuration is the simplest and least expensive of all configurations.
This configuration requires less installation area and it can be easily expanded.
 Single bus configurations are not considered reliable systems and they should only be
implemented in substations where high reliability is not required, such as large transmission
yards. Reliability and availability of this system can be improved by expanding and
sectionalizing the bus.
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

2. Main Bus and Transfer Bus


 In this arrangement one or more busses is added to the single bus substation scheme. One
or more circuit breakers may be used in this arrangement to make connections between
the main and transfer bus.
 When no Tie CB is present, for maintenance of a circuit breaker, the transfer bus is
energized by closing the isolator switches to the transfer bus, then the circuit breaker to
be maintained is opened and isolated on both sides. Circuit protection will be disabled in
this maintenance arrangement.
 When a tie circuit breaker is present, circuit breaker maintenance is achieved by closing
the tie breaker. The transfer bus is energized and the isolator nearest the transfer bus of
the breaker to be maintained is closed.
 The circuit breaker to be maintained is now opened, isolated and removed for
maintenance. The circuit under maintenance is transferred to the transfer bus.
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

 In the main and transfer bus configuration, the protective relay scheme is quite
complex due to the requirement of the tie breaker to handle each situation for
maintenance of any other circuit breaker. This bus scheme is more costly than the
single bus configuration but is more reliable and can be easily expanded.
 The switching procedure is complicated for maintenance of any circuit breaker.
Failure of a breaker or fault on the bus results in an outage of the whole
substation.
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

3. Double Bus Double Breaker


 This configuration utilizes two buses and two breakers per circuit, both buses are
normally energized and any circuit can be removed for maintenance without an
outage on the corresponding circuit. Failure of one of the two buses will not
interrupt a circuit because all of the circuits can be fed from the remaining bus
and isolating the failed bus.
 Substations with the double bus double breaker arrangement require twice the
equipment as the single bus scheme but are highly reliable. Load balancing
between buses can be achieved by shifting circuits from one bus to the other.
 This scheme is typically found in EHV transmission substations or generating
stations.
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

4. Double Bus Single Breaker


 Substations utilizing this configuration are supplied with two busses. Each circuit
is equipped with a single breaker and is connected to both buses using isolators.
 A tie breaker connects both main buses and is normally closed, allowing for more
flexibility in operation. A fault on one bus requires isolation of the bus while the
circuits are fed from the opposite bus.
 The double bus single breaker scheme is more expensive and requires more
installation space than the single bus configuration. It is common to find this
scheme with an additional transfer bus in EHV transmission substations.
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

5.Ring Bus
 In the ring bus configuration, as the name implies, the circuit breakers are connected to form
a ring, with isolators on both sides of each breaker. Circuits terminate between the breakers
and each circuit is fed from both sides.
 This scheme has good operational flexibility and high reliability, any of the circuit breakers
can be opened and isolated for maintenance without interruption of service.
 If a fault occurs in this configuration, it is isolated by tripping a breaker on both sides of the
circuit. By tripping two breakers, only the faulted circuit is isolated while all the other
circuits remain in service.
 The main disadvantage of the ring bus system is that if a fault was to occur, the ring is split
which could result into two isolated sections. Each of these two sections may not have the
proper combination of source and load circuits, this can be somewhat avoided by connecting
the source and load circuits side by side.
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

Ring bus schemes can be expanded to accommodate additional circuits, but its
generally not suited for more than six. Careful planning should be used with this
scheme to avoid difficulties with future expansion.
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

6. Breaker and Half


 When expansion of the substation is required to accommodate more circuits, the
ring bus scheme can easily be expanded to the One and Half breaker
configuration. This configuration uses two main buses, both of which are
normally energized with three breakers connected between the buses.
 In this bus configuration, three breakers are required for every two circuits -
hence the "one and half" name. Think of it as, to control one circuit requires one
full and a half breaker. The middle breaker is shared by both circuits, similar to a
ring bus scheme where each circuit is fed from both sides.
 Any circuit breaker can be isolated and removed for maintenance purposes
without interrupting supply to any of the other circuits. Additionally, one of the
two main busses can be removed for maintenance without interruption of service
to any of the other circuits.
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

 If a middle circuit breaker fails, the adjacent breakers are also tripped to interrupt
both circuits. If a breaker adjacent to the bus fails, tripping of the middle breaker
will not interrupt service to the circuit associated with the remaining breaker in
the chain.
 Only the circuit associated with the failed breaker is removed from service. The
breaker and half configuration is very flexible, highly reliable, and more
economical in comparison to the Double Bus Double Breaker scheme.
 Protective relay schemes in this configuration are highly complicated as the
middle breaker is associated with two circuits. It also requires more space in
comparison to other schemes in order to accommodate the large number of
components.
TYPES OF BUSBAR SCHEME

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