The Web and

the Internet
• The Web (World Wide Web) consist of information
organized into Web pages containing text and graphic
images.
• The world wide web is larger collection of interconnected
documents or content.
• It contains hypertext links, or highlighted keywords and
images that lead to related information.
• Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA FBCS,
also known as TimBL, is an English engineer and
computer scientist best known as the inventor of the
World Wide Web.
• Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA FBCS,
also known
• as TimBL, is an English engineer and computer scientist
best known as the inventor of the World
A. Web 1.0 (Read Only Static Web)
It is an old internet that only allows people to read from the internet.
First stage worldwide linking web pages and hyperlink. Web is use as
“information portal”. It uses table to positions and align elements on
page
• Most read only web. If focused on company’s home pages.
• Dividing the world wide web into usable directories
• It means web is use as “Information Portal”
• It started with the simple idea “put content together”
Disadvantages
Example of Web 1.0  Read only web
• Mp3.com • Limited user interaction
• Home Page • Lack of standards
• Directories
• Page Views
• HTML/Portals.
B. Web 2.0 (Read-write interactive web)

A term used to describe a new generation of Web services and

applications with an increasing emphasis on human collaboration.

• It is a platform that gives users the possibility (liberty) to control

their data.

• This is about user-generated content and the read-write web.

• People are consuming as well as contributing information through

blogs or sites.

• Allows the user to interact with the page known as DYNAMIC PAGE;
instead of just reading a page, the user may be able to comment or
create a user account. Dynamic page refers to the web pages that are
affected by user input or preference.
Example of Web 2.0 are the following:
A. Social Networking - is the use of Internet-based social media
sites to stay connected with friends, family, colleagues,
customers, or clients. Social networking can have a social
purpose, a business purpose, or both, through sites.
B. Blogs - is a discussion or informational website published on the
world wide web consisting of discrete, often informal diary-style
text entries (posts). Posts are typically displayed in reverse
chronological order, so that the most recent post appears first,
at the top of the web page.
C. Wikis - is a hypertext publication collaboratively edited and
managed by its own audience directly using a web browser. A
typical wiki contains multiple pages for the subjects or scope of
the project and may be either open to the public or limited to
use within an organization for maintaining its internal
D. Video Sharing Sites - a website that lets people upload and
share their video clips with the public at large or to invited
guests
- Key Features of Web 2.0:
• Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and classify/arrange
information using freely chosen keywords (e.g. tagging).
• Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is responsive to
user’s input. An example would be a website that shows local
content.
• User Participation – the owner of website is not the only one
who is able to put content. Others are able to place a content
on their own by means of comments, reviews, and evaluation.
• Long Tail – services are offered on demand rather than on a
one-time purchase. This is synonymous to subscribing to a
data plan that charges you for the amount of time you spent
C. Web 3.0: (Read-write intelligent web)
• Suggested name by John Markoff of the New York Times for the
third generation of the web.
• In this generation, all the application on web or mobile will be
upgraded with more features. It applies same principles as Web
2.0: two-way interaction.
• Web 3.0 will be more connected, open, and intelligent, with
semantic web
technologies, distributed databases, natural language processing,
machine learning, machine reasoning and autonomous agents.
• Semantic Web - provides a framework that allows data to be
shared and reuse to deliver web content specifically targeting the
user.
D. Web 4.0 also called the “Intelligent Web” or “Symbiotic Web

” represents the next step in Internet technology. It combines

cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine
learning, the Internet of Things (IoT), virtual and augmented
reality, and blockchain. Using data-driven insights to enhance our
digital experiences, Web Four Point Zero creates a seamless
interaction between humans and machines.

Web 4.0 also known as the Symbiotic web. It will aim at the
interaction between humans and machines in symbiosis. Humans
and machines will have a symbiotic relationship, where machines
will be capable of learning from human interactions and providing
insights that can assist in decision-making
The Internet

The Internet or “net” (network of network) is the largest

computer network in the world that connects billions of
computer user. The word internet comes from combination
between “interconnection” and “network”. Network is a
collection of computers and devices connected via
communication channels and transmission media allow to
share resources (hardware, software, data, information).
A. Brief History of Internet
ARPA – Advanced Research Project Agency January 2, 1969 –
started an experimental computer network. Concept – No server,
but equal importance/participation to every computer in the
network. Even if, one or two node destroyed that will now affect
the network. In 1982 the word internet started. 1986 – First “ free
net” created in Case Western Reserve University 1991: US
government allowed business agencies to connect to internet.
Now all people can connect to the internet and improve their life
and work quality. The internet support various aspects in our life.
Vinton Gray Cerf is an American Internet pioneer and is
recognized as one of "the fathers of the Internet", sharing this
title with TCP/IP co-developer Bob Kahn.
B. Major Components of the Internet
1. Servers – is a computer program that provides service to another computer
program and it’s user.
Types of Servers:
Application Server – a program in computer that provides the business
logic for an application program.
Web Server – a computer program that serves requested HTML pages or files.
Proxy Server – is a software that acts as an intermediary between an
endpoint device, such as computer and another server from which a user is
requesting.
Mail Server – is an application that receives incoming e-mail from local users
and remote senders and forward outgoing e-mail for delivery.
File Server – is a computer responsible for central storage and management of
data files so that other computer on the same network can access them.
Policy Server – is a security component of a policy – based network that
provides authorization services and facilities tracking and control of files.
2. IP Address (Internet Protocol) – is a numerical label assigned to each
device. This provides identity to a network device.
3. Browser – is an application program that provides a way to look information on
the web.
4. Domain Name System (DNS) – is the phonebook of the internet. We access
information online through domain names.
Example of DNS: www.facebook.com, www.pup.edu.ph,www.academia.edu

5. Internet Service Provide (ISP) – is an organization that provides services for

accessing, using or participating in the internet.
Two types of ISP:
National ISP – provided internet access to a specific geographic area.
Regional ISP – business that provides internet access in cities and
towns nationwide.
Example of ISP: Sky Broadband, PLDT, Converge
C. Uses of Internet
• Look for information
• School works, jobs, and home purposes
• Send and receive electronic mail
• Video teleconferencing (video call, video chat)
• Buy and sell product
• Social networking
• Watch & post videos
• Games
• Take college courses
• Monitor home while away
• Financial transactions
• Download music and movies
D. Internet Terms and Definition
• Internet - A global network of thousands of computer networks linked by
data lines and wireless systems.
• Web – a collection of billions of webpages that you can view with a web
browser.
• Email – the most common method of sending and receiving messages online
• Social media – websites and apps that allow people to share comments,
photos, and videos
• Online gaming – games that allow people to play with and against each
other over the Internet
• Software updates – operating system and application updates can typically
downloaded from the Internet
• HTML - Hypertext Markup Language is a coding language used to tell a
browser how to place pictures, text, multimedia and links to create a web
page. When a user clicks on a link within a web page, that link, which is
coded with HTML, links the user to a specific linked web page.
• URL - Uniform Resource Locator is a web address used to connect to a
• Bit - is a single digit in the binary numbering system (base 2). For example: 1 is a
bit or 0 is
a bit.
• Byte - generally consists of eight bits.
• Upload - To upload is to transfer data from your computer to another computer.
• Download - To download is to transfer data from another computer to your
computer.
• HTTP - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, the data communication
standard of web pages. When a web page has this prefix, the links, text, and
pictures should work
correctly in a web browser.
• HTTPS - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. This indicates that
the web page has a special layer of encryption added to hide your personal
information and
passwords from others.
• Router or router-modem combination is the hardware device that acts as the
traffic cop for network signals arriving at your home or business from your ISP. A
router can be wired or wireless or both.
• Web Bot - A term that applies to programs/applets
(macros and intelligent agents) used on the Internet.
Such bots perform a repetitive function, such as posting
messages to multiple newsgroups or doing searches for
information.
• Search Engine - specialized software, such as Google
and Yahoo, that lets www browser users search for
information on the web by using keywords, phrases.