Scribd
Upload
18 views28 pages

Logarithmic and Exponential Functions

Uploaded by

adaptive4u4527
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views28 pages

Logarithmic and Exponential Functions

Uploaded by

adaptive4u4527
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

EN6907- Mathematics for Engineers 1

Logarithms and
exponential functions
Course Coordinator: Basma Abusayam
Outlines

 What is logarithm?

 Laws of logarithms

 Indicial equations

 Graphs of logarithmic functions

 Laws of exponential growth and decay


What is logarithm?
If a number y can be written in the form ax, then the index x is called
the ‘logarithm of y to the base of a’,
𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑥 then 𝑥 = log𝑎 𝑦

Example:
1000 = 103
Then
3 = log10 1000
Logarithms with base of 10
• Logarithms having a base of 10 are called common logarithms and
log10.
•The following values may be checked by using a
calculator: lg 17.9 = 1.2528 ...
lg 462.7 = 2.6652 ...
lg 0.0173 = −1.7619 ...
Logarithms with base of e
• Logarithms having a base of e (where ‘e’ is a mathematical constant
approximately equal to 2.7183) are called hyperbolic, Napierian
or natural logarithms, and log e is usually abbreviated to ln.
• The following values may be checked by using a calculator:
ln 3.15 = 1.1474 ...
ln 362.7 = 5.8935 ...
ln 0.156 = −1.8578 ...
Laws of logarithms
Laws of logarithms
Laws of logarithms
Problems
Indicial equations
Graphs of logarithmic functions
The exponential function
Evaluating exponential functions can be done through the following:
• Calculator, for example 𝑒1 = 2.718

• The power series of 𝑒 𝑥

• Tables of exponential functions (graphs)


Laws of exponential growth and
decay
• The laws of exponential growth and decay are of the form
𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒−𝑘𝑥 and 𝑦 = 𝐴 1 − 𝑒−𝑘𝑥 where A and k are constants.
• Here are some examples of using the law in engineering and science
Growth and decay graphs

You might also like