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Methods of Philosophizing Presentation

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4 views

Methods of Philosophizing Presentation

Uploaded by

Vetta Marie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Methods of Philosophizing

Exploring Different Paths to Wisdom


Mary Margarette C. Monter
Introduction
• Truth has been a central subject in philosophy
for centuries.
• Its influence on human life and the pursuit of
wisdom is undeniable.
Dialectic Method
• Philosopher: Socrates

• Key Concept: The Socratic Method


• Description: A disciplined conversation that
challenges one’s understanding to gain
knowledge.
• Example: Socratic questioning leads to self-
realization and correcting mistakes.
Pragmatic Method
• Philosophers: Charles S. Pierce, William James,
John Dewey

• Key Concept: Solving real-life problems.


• Description: Truth is validated through
practical success or failure.
• Example: Testing beliefs based on their
practical outcomes.
Phenomenological Method
• Philosopher: Edmund Husserl

• Key Concept: Returning to immediate


experience.
• Description: Overcoming biases to understand
the truth through pure subjective experience.
• Example: Bracketing (epoche) to set aside
preconceived beliefs.
Primary and Secondary Reflection
• Philosopher: Gabriel Marcel

• Key Concept: Reflection on experience, especially


when something valuable is at stake.
• Description: Primary reflection separates the self
from the world; secondary reflection unites them.
• Example: Questioning 'Who am I?'—initial
answers are surface-level; deeper thinking leads
to an expansive self.
Analytic Method
• Philosophers: G.E. Moore, Bertrand Russell,
Ludwig Wittgenstein

• Key Concept: Clarifying language usage.


• Description: The task of philosophy is to clarify
thoughts by analyzing language in its ordinary
usage.
• Example: Wittgenstein’s idea of language
games—words have different meanings based
on context.
Conclusion
• These methods offer different paths to
achieving wisdom and truth.
• From challenging our assumptions to
analyzing language, each method contributes
to our understanding of philosophy.
• Key Takeaway: Philosophy provides multiple
approaches to grasping truth and wisdom.

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