National

Service
Training
Program
(NSTP)
Ms. Precious Kyle M. Cardenas, JD
Manager, Community Engagement and Partnership |
NSTP Coordinator
 What is NSTP?

A program aimed at enhancing civic

consciousness and defense
preparedness in the youth by
developing the ethics of service and
patriotism while undergoing training in
any of its three (3) program
components. Its various components
are specially designed to enhance the
youth’s active contribution to the
general welfare.
Legal Basis of NSTP
Otherwise known
as National Service
Training Program
Act of 2001. It is an
act establishing the
National Service
Section 3. Training Program
A program aimed (NSTP)
at enhancing civic
for tertiary
consciousness and defense
levelpreparedness
students. in
the youth by developing the ethics of
service and patriotism while undergoing
Guiding Principles of Implementing NSTP Law

Prime duty of the government to Responsibility of all citizens to

serve and protect its citizens defend the security of the state
Specific of Civic Welfare Service

CWS activities shall be part of the HEIs

extension service and shall focus on those
which help promote the general welfare and
development of the community members,
particularly in terms of health, education,
safety, livelihood, recreation, environmental
protection and the morale of the citizenry.
 Role of the Youth
Youth has a role in nation- Provide new and fresh perspectives and
building. energy to help drive economic development
and social progress.

Through state’s promotion, youths will be civic A recognition that each citizen
conscious and will develop their physical, moral, is for the society and the
spiritual, intellectual and social well-being. genuine interests of the
society are the interests of the
citizen.
It shall inculcate the ideals of patriotism,
nationalism, and advance their involvement in
public and civci affairs.
How will you make a contribution?
Through the implementation of NSTP Law, the most valuable resources
of the nation – the youth, is required to be motivated, trained,
organized and involved in the military, literacy or civic welfare
programs and other similar endeavors in the service of the nation.
 Components of NSTP

Reserve Officer’s Training Corps

ROTC
Refers to the program
component,
institutionalized under
Section 38 and 39 of
Republic Act No. 7077,
designed to provide
Components of NSTP

Literacy Training Service

LTS
Refers to the program
component designed to
train the students to
teach literacy and
numeracy skills to school
children, out-of-school
 Components of NSTP

Refers to the program

component or activities
contributory to the general
welfare and the betterment
of life for the members of
the community or the Civic Welfare Training Service
CWTS
enhancement of its
History of NSTP
December 31, 1935

It started with the passage of

Commonwealth Act No. 1
“National Defense Act”. An act
to provide national defense of
the Philippines.

Requires college students,

specifically males to finish 2
years or 4 semesters of Military
Training to be reserved cadets of
the national Defense of the
Purpose of Commonwealth Act No. 1
The purpose of this Act was to create the regular army force,
the reserve army, the offshore patrol, and the Philippine Army
Air Corps.
Regular
Reserv
Army
e Army
Force

Offshor
e Patrol

Phil. Army Air

The Military
Service
 Procurement of
Trainees

Who are exempted?

 August 8, 1980

Presidential Decree No. 1706 or

National Service Law mandates
compulsory national service to
all citizens of the country.

College students were given an 1. Civic Welfare Service

option to choose one among the 2. Law Enforcement
three (3) components as a Service
requirement of tertiary 3. Military Service
education
 The National
Service
l.
hi ti
P u
7 3 ti t
s
1 9 on on
C
 1986 - 1987

Presidential Memorandum Order

No. 1 cause the suspension of
PD No. 1706, but only of the two
components (CWS and LES).

Provisions on Military Service

was amended and became
Basic Reserve Officer
Training Corps (ROTC)
 1991

The Implementing Rules and

Regulations Act of 7077
modified the Basic ROTC to
Expanded ROTC Program

The modification is composed 1. Military Training

of military subject in the first Service
year AND any of the following 2. Civil Welfare Service
components: 3. Law Enforcement
Service
On March 18, 2001, a dead body was found
wrapped in a carpet and floating in the Pasig
River. The face was wrapped in packing tape
and the hands and face were bounded.
Body was Mark Welson Chua, 19
identified
Engineeringas student
years old reportedly a
of UST,
victim of illegal ROTC practices lead protest
massive to a
of college students and concerned
parents against the ROTC program.
Since then,
Expanded ROTC is
amended into NSTP.
 January 23, 2002

Republic Act No. 9163 was

signed stating that ROTC is just
an OPTION among three
components needed to graduate
from College.

Allowing college students to choose among

the program’s three components - ROTC,
literacy training service and civic welfare
training service - specially designed to
enhance the youth’s active contribution to
the general welfare.
Who are required to complete NSTP?
Who are not covered of NSTP
implementation?
 Organization of NSTP Graduates

Graduates of the non-ROTC components of the NSTP shall

belong to the National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC) that
could be tapped by the state for literacy and civic welfare
activities through the joint efforts of DND, CHED and TESDA in
coordination with DILG, DSWD, and other concerned agencies/
associations.

• “Panlaang Hukbo ng Pambansang

Paglilingkod”
• A unit composed of graduates of CWTS and
LTS.
• Members of this corps may be tapped by the
State for literacy and civic welfare activities.
 Functions of NSRC

1. Assist in the disaster preparedness , mitigation,

responses and rehabilitation program.
2. Serve as an auxiliary to the Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Councils (DRRMCs) response units.
3. Assist in the promotion of civic welfare activities.
4. Assist in the implementation of literacy programs.
5. Assist in socio-economic development.
6. Respond in case of mobilization for national
emergency.
7. Assist in environmental protection.
8. Perform other similar endeavors as directed by higher
DRRM Authorities.
Citizens
hip
Training
 Scope

1. Preamble
2. Bill of Rights
3. Values of Filipino Citizens
 Comes from the Latin word
Pream preambulare
ble
Which means ”walking before”
or “to walk ahead”

2 Importance:

It is a prologue of 1. It tells who are the authors of the

a Constitution – Philippine Constitution and for whom it
serves as an has been promulgated.
introduction to the 2. States the general purpose that are
main intended to achieved by the
Constitution and the government
 Who is the source of Philippine Constitution?

“We, the sovereign Filipino people”

Denotes supreme authority, control and/or

independence.

Adhering to the principle : Salus Populi Est

Suprema Lex
“welfare of the people shall
be the supreme law”
 What influences people in drafting the Preamble?

”...imploring the aid of Almighty God,”

Filipinos are known as religious country.

It is believed that the Supreme Being
(God) guides the people and
government to achieve the ideals and
aspirations to which they are committed.

What is the purpose of adopting the Philippine

Constitution?
”…in order to build a just and
humane society, and establish the
Government…”
 What are the aims of the Philippine Constitution?

“…embody our ideals and aspirations,

promote the common good, conserve and
develop our patrimony, and secure to
ourselves and our posterity, the blessings
of independence and democracy under the
rule of law and a regime of truth, justice,
freedom, love, equity, and peace…”
Ikakabuti ng Refers to natural
LAHAT resources of the
Philippines
Rationale behind the
change: All the actions
taken by the Rationale behind the
government should change: All natural
benefit ALL regardless resources shall be made
of one’s status in life. available to ALL
 Truth
New words in the 1987 Preamble
Transparenc
y of the POs
Aspiratio
n
Signifies the
dreams of Love
Filipinos
There will
be no
divisions
Independe
nce
Emphasize that
we are a free
No one is above
nation, and we
the law
own no Rule of
allegiance to Law
 The Good
Citizenship
Values
Filipino values presented in the Preamble have been
simplified and categorized into the following:
Pagkamaka-Diyos /
Maka-Diyos
1. Faith in the Almighty
God (imploring the aid
of Almighty God)
2. Respect for Life
3. Value of Order
4. Work
5. Concern for the Family
and Future Generations
Faith in the Almighty God Respect for Life
You should value and
You should see Him as respect the dignity of
your ultimate source, with others, keeping an open
limitless power to assist mind and kind attitude,
you in your work, meet allowing you to recognize
your needs, and guide you their unique talents and
through challenges and roles.
crises.
Life is precious. It is your
However, faith alone is duty to respect, protect,
meaningless without nurture, and preserve the
action. human life from the
moment of its conception.
 Value of Order Value of Work
Work is a gift, integral to
It is about doing "first things
human nature and destiny.
first," which means taking the
God provides talents to be
right action at the right time
used wisely, aiming for
and place without hesitation. It
excellence in all
requires discipline of the mind,
endeavors. Hard work,
emotions, and actions. This
quality, and honesty are
discipline is necessary to live a
key to being a productive
peaceful, successful, and
and self-reliant citizen.
productive life. Without it,
More than the quantity of
situations of panic, unrest,
work, it’s the love,
confusion, and chaos may
integrity, and honesty put
arise.
into it that truly matters.
Concern for the Family and Future
Generations
This value highlights that the family is
a gift from God, serving as a sanctuary
of life and the core unit of society.
Families provide strength and
inspiration, and it’s essential to uphold
responsibilities to keep them united
against forces that may erode their
values. A family is more valuable than
any worldly gain and should always be
cherished as one of life’s greatest
gifts, upheld by love, understanding,
and mutual respect.
Pagkamaka-Tao /
Maka-Tao
1. Love
2. Freedom (democracy
and independence)
3. Peace
4. Truth
5. Justice
 Value of Love Value of Freedom
Love is essential because Freedom is a recognition of
it provides answers during individuality, human rights,
difficult times. Through and duties, but it is always
love, we care, respect, tied to responsibility. It is
accept, forgive, and trust. the power to choose how to
However, despite its live, given by God. The
importance, not everyone freedom enjoyed today is
has truly learned how to the result of the love,
live in love, which holds hardship, and sacrifices of
back our nation’s our ancestors, as seen in
progress. Love requires historic events. True
freedom requires
sacrifice, responsibility,
understanding its limits,
and service, uniting us
practicing discipline, and
 Value of Peace Value of Truth
Peace is achieved through The value of truth lies in
acts of kindness, living passionately with
cooperation, and avoiding honesty and sincerity.
violence in resolving
conflicts. It is a gift from It is essential for freedom
God, nurtured by prayer, and requires transparency,
strong faith, and concern integrity, courage, and
for others. Peace humility. Though pursuing
flourishes with harmony, truth demands sacrifices, it
order, and a commitment showcases one's capacity
to reject violence in all to live with integrity.
Honesty should guide all
aspects of life.
aspects of life, as the truth
ultimately leads to
 Value of Justice

Justice is valued through the

promotion of ethical practices that
foster social equity, ensuring healthy
working conditions and fair labor
practices while combating corruption
and misuse of power. It is vital for
creating a society that respects
human dignity and provides
opportunities for development and
happiness. Ultimately, justice means
giving everyone what they are due.
Pagkamaka-Bayan
/ Maka-Bayan
1. Unity
2. Equality
3. Respect for Law and
Government (Rule of
Law)
4. Patriotism (conserve
and develop our
patrimony)
5. Common Good
 Value of Unity Value of Equality
Unity as a value of good This value emphasizes
citizenship means that all treating everyone with
Filipino citizens are dignity and respect,
expected to come regardless of religion,
together as one culture, gender, social
community. status, or race. All
individuals are created
equal and deserve fair
treatment in the spirit of
love and justice. To foster
a happy, caring, and
peaceful community, it is
essential to avoid
 Respect for Law and Value of Patriotism
Government
Being a law-abiding citizen is Patriotism involves being a
essential, regardless of the vigilant citizen who
government in power. Laws exist prioritizes the welfare of
to serve the interests of all the nation and commits to
citizens, not just a select few. It is serving its interests,
important to seek a deeper regardless of the
understanding of the law to follow government in power.
it effectively and to uphold values Everyone has a duty to
without compromising them contribute to national
through illegal actions. One should development, protect
critically evaluate the decision to
integrity, and uphold the
obey laws and recognize the
rights and dignity of the
importance of government work.
people. Expressing pride in
Upholding respect for the rights
personal and national
and authority established by law is
 Value of Common Good

The term "common good" refers to the

collective goods and social conditions that
enable individuals and groups to achieve their
fulfillment more easily and fully. It consists of
three essential elements:

• Respect for each person's fundamental and

inalienable human rights
• The social well-being and development of
the community
• Peace for the stability and security of a just
society.
Pagkamaka-kalikasan / Maka-kalikasan
1. Concern for the
Environment
 Concern for the Environment

This value emphasizes the importance of implementing an

efficient and sustainable nationwide "clean and green" program.
As stewards of creation, there is a pressing need to address
environmental destruction, which threatens both current and
future generations. It is essential to treat the environment with
respect and use resources wisely.

Nature should be regarded as a precious entity, deserving care

and appreciation for its beauty and wonders. Simple actions, like
disposing of trash properly and minimizing plastic use, can make
a significant difference. Caring for nature ensures clean air, safe
drinking water, and a healthy life, ultimately preserving a livable
 Its final draft was
completed by the
Constitutional
Commission on
October 12, 1986
Supreme Law and was signed and
of the Land made official by a
nationwide vote on
February 2, 1987.
What is citizenship?
It is defined as the legal
(relationship)
nationality of a person.
Legal bond between a
person and a country.
 Kinds of Citizen

Article IV of the
1987 Philippine
Constitution
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the
time of adoption of this Constitution;
 1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the
time of adoption of this Constitution;

Whether or not FPJ is a natural-born Filipino

citizen.
Whether or not his alleged illegitimacy affects his
citizenship.

LP was born Therefore, LP

sometime in 1870, being a Filipino, AP
who died under is also a Filipino
the Spanish rule, upon birth, thus
has no evidence of FPJ is likewise held
renouncing his to be a natural-
Lorenzo Pou Filipino citizenship, Allan F. Poe, Sr.born Filipino.
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the
time of adoption of this Constitution;

2. Those whose father or mothers are citizens of the

Philippines;
Natural Born
Citizens
 1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the
time of adoption of this Constitution;

2. Those whose father or mothers are citizens of the

Philippines;
Natural Born
Citizens

3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino

mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon
reaching the age of majority.
 4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.
The act of formally adopting a foreigner into the political
body of a nation by clothing him or her with privileges
of a citizen.

2 Modes of Naturalization:
A. Direct:
i. Administrative Naturalization – native born aliens who are born
in the Philippines and who had resided here since birth.
ii. Judicial Naturalization – native born aliens who resides in the
Philippines
iii. Legislative Naturalization – through direct act of Congress (only
for Aliens) who made an outstanding contributions to the Philippines.
B. Derivative:
A child who is eighteen (18) years of age or older at the time of the
parents' reacquisition of Philippine citizenship but was born when either parent
was still a Filipino citizen, is considered a natural born Filipino and may apply for
 Modes of Acquiring
Citizenship
Jus Soli – the law of the
It is determined
soil by the place of
Jus Sanguinis –birth
law of
Relationship
blood is determined
By birth through blood relation.

An act of formally adopting a

foreigner into the political body
of a nation by clothing him or
her with the privileges of a
Naturalizati citizen.
 Article III
Bill of
Rights
It is one way to limit government’s
power.
It is a declaration of rights.
List of the most important rights to
the citizens of a country.
“The perfection of humanity is not
possible without freedom for the
individual. Thus, the existence of
social institutions and all political
organizations and relationships are
justified insofar as they have for
their primary aim the defense and
protection of freedom”
Right to
Life
It includes the right of an individual to his body in its completeness, free from
dismemberment, and extends to the use of God-given faculties which make
life enjoyable.
Right to
Liberty
It includes the right to exist and the right to be free from arbitrary personal
restraint or servitude and the right of the citizen to be free to use his faculties
in all lawful ways.

Right to
Property
Is anything that come under the right of ownership and be the subject of
contract. It represents more than the things a person owns; it includes the
right to secure, use and dispose of them
These rights cannot be taken away without DUE
PROCESS.

A requirement that legal matters must be resolved according to

established rules and principles.

The right to be heard and be heard.

Equal protection of the laws.

All persons or things similarly situated should be treated alike,

both as to rights conferred and responsibilities imposed. Natural
and judicial persons are entitled to this guarantee but with
respect to artificial persons, they enjoy the protection only
insofar as their property is concerned.
Right of Security

In Flagrante
Delicto

Hot Pursuit

Escaped Prisoner
Right to Privacy
Freedom of Expression

It is essential for:
1. The search of truth;
2. Democracy to work; and
3. The citizens to promote self-
realization and self-
determination.
 Freedom of Expression

The right of an individual to speak or utter whatever

he wants without prior restraint.

Limitations:
1. Defamations and Libel
2. Unwarranted attacks on other’s opinions and
beliefs
3. Spreading propaganda, malicious gossip and hate
speeches
4. Destroying the reputation of others (even dead
people)
 Right to Free Press

The right of an individual to write, publish, and

circulate whatever he pleases without restraint.

Freedom of Assembly

The right of the people to come together and

collectively express, promote, pursue, and defend
their idea.
Right to Petition (Prior Restraint)

The right of people to make a complaint to, or

seek assistance of, one’s government, without
fear of punishment or reprisals.
 Freedom of religion

2 guarantees:

1. Non-establishment clause – neither the State can set up a church or

prefer one religion over all religions.
2. Freedom of religious profession and worship – right to believe and
right to act according to one’s beliefs.

It allows people to practice their faith without INTERFERENCE

from the government.
 Liberty of abode and travel

Liberty of Abode
Right to choose where
they live and can move Exceptions:
freely within the
country. National security
Public Safety
Public Health
Right to Travel
Can travel everywhere
 Right to information
Only limited to matters
of public concern.

Right to form unions, associations or

societies
 Right to Just Compensation

Exceptions: Considered to be the sum

equivalent to the market value
Eminent Domain of the property
Police Power
Taxation Power of the Government to
take away private property
For public use
For just compensation
 Non-impairment clause

Free Access to courts

Social justice principle

Rights of Person under custodial
investigation
MIRANDA RIGHTS
 Right to Bail

General Rule: Bail is generally available

Bail Defined: Bail is a constitutional right
for most offenses. A right that cannot be
in the Philippines, allowing an accused
denied of.
person to be released from custody by
posting a bond or property guaranteeing
Exception: punishable by life
their appearance at trial.
imprisonment or death when evidence of
guilt is strong. The court has the
Purpose: The main purpose of bail is to
discretion to grant or deny bail based on
ensure that the accused will appear in
factors such as the severity of the
court when required.
offense, risk of flight, and the evidence
Type of Bails: presented.
1. Bail by
Recognizance
2. Cash Bail
3. Property Bond
4. Surety Bond
Rights of the Accused / Presumption of
Innocence

The rights of the accused

includes:
1. Criminal due process
2. Presumption of innocence
3. Right to be heard by himself or
counsel
4. Right to be informed of the
nature and cause of the
accusation against him
5. Right to speedy, impartial and
public trial
6. Right to meet the witnesses
face to face
7. Right to compulsory process to
secure attendance of witnesses
and production of evidence and
 “you should have
the body”
an order coming from the court to
IMMEDIATELY release (produce his
body) the prisoner if the court finds Writ of Habeas Corpus
that the detention is WITHOUT legal
cause or authority.

Right to a speedy disposition

Right against self-
incrimination

Incriminate means to accuse or

charge with a crime or fault or to
criminate
Self-incrimination – when the
accused chooses to remain
silent, he shall suffer NO penalty
for such silence. the accused is
exempt from being a witness
against him or to testify as
witness in his own behalf.
No Detention for Political
Beliefs

Protection against cruel and inhuman

punishment
 BILL OF RIGHTS
Section 12. Right of Person under
Section 1. Right to life, liberty and Custodial Investigation
property Section 13. Right to bail
Section 2. Right against Section 14. Rights of the Accused
unreasonable search and seizures Section 15. Writ of Habeas Corpus
Section 3. Right to Privacy Section 16. Right to Speedy
Section 4. Freedom of Expression disposition of cases
Section 5. Freedom of Religion Section 17. Right against self-
Section 6. Liberty of abode and incrimination
right to travel Section 18. Right to political beliefs
Section 7. Right to Information and aspirations
Section 8. Right to form Section 19. Prohibition against
associations cruel, degrading or inhuman
Section 9. Right to Just punishment
Compensation Section 20. Non-imprisonment for
Section 10. Non-impairment clause debts
Section 11. Free Access to Court