Introduction （ Part II)

CHI I-101
Prof. Shi Laoshi 施老師
Bard High School Early College
 Objectives

Review consonants

Learn Finals

Learn the Writing systems

Learn some expressions

2 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024

 Pinyin: Vowels: Five
Simple Vowels
a, e, i, o, u

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Yav6Gs_l
FA&feature=relmfu

http://www.ctcfl.ox.ac.uk/Vowels/vowels.htm

Please use these links to practice the “finals”

(vowels and vowel+nasal combinations)
3 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024
 1nd Basic Chinese
Vowels: a
Simple vowel “a” is pronounced like /a/
in father.

Simplified Traditional Mandarin English

Chinese Chinese Pinyin Definition
爸爸 bà ba father
妈妈 媽媽 mā ma mother

4 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024

 2nd Basic Chinese Vowels: e
Simplified Traditional Mandarin
Chinese Chinese Pinyin English Definition

哥 gē elder brother;
喝 hē to drink

Simplifie
Traditional Mandarin
d English Definition
Chinese Chinese Pinyin

也 yě surname Ye;
Make a sound as if you have seen something really
disgusting:“ergh”. When /e/ is used with other
vowels it can also be pronounced “ê” which is
similar to “e” in the English word “bed”.
5 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024
3 rd
Basic Chinese Vowel: i
Simplifi
Traditiona Mandarin
ed English Definition
l Chinese Pinyin
Chinese

一 yī one; 1;
七 qī seven; 7;

“I” is pronounced like “ea” in squeak, or

in eat.

6 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 Exception: “I” does not pronounced like
“ea” in east in the following sound
combinations:
Simplified Chinese Traditional Chinese Mandarin Pinyin English Definition

字 zì letter; symbol; character; word;

次 cì order; sequence; hypo- (chemistry); classifier for enumerated

events: time;

四 sì four; 4;

至 zhì to arrive; most; to; until;

赤 chì red; scarlet; bare; naked;

是 shì is; are; am; yes; to be;

日 rì abbr. for 日本 [Ri4 ben3], Japan;

Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College

7 10/27/2024
 4th Basic Chinese Vowel:
o
“o” is pronounced like “o” in “frog” or “law” but round
your lips and make a perfect circle.

Simplifi
Tradition
ed Mandarin
al English Definition
Chines Pinyin
Chinese
e

波 bō Poland; Polish; abbr. for 波蘭

| 波兰 [Bo1 lan2];

泼 潑 pō to splash;

摸 mō To touch

佛 fó Buddha

8 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 Fifth Basic Chinese
Sound: u
Push your lips forward and make a narrow gap
through which your breath can vibrate. Your lips
should take the shape they make when you say
the word “fool”.
Simplifie
Traditional Mandarin
d English Definition
Chinese Pinyin
Chinese

不 bù not; no;

铺 鋪 pū to spread; to display; to set up;

木 mù wood;

父 fù father;

9 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 Variation of the Fifth Basic Chinese
Vowel : ü
“I” with rounded lips!
Simplifie
Traditional Mandarin
d English Definition
Chinese Pinyin
Chinese

女 nǚ female; woman

绿 綠 lǜ green;

http://www.youtube.com/user/sloppycheng#p
/c/4/AMNu5WEmOoI
10 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024
 Simplified
Traditional Chinese Mandarin Pinyin English Definition
Chinese

据 據 jù according to; to occupy;

去 qù to go; to go to (a place);

Xù
续 續 to continue; to replenish;

玉 yù jade;

Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College

11 10/27/2024
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-T8BlTd27lA&feature=sh
are&list=TLnVuvFU88OHA

12 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

13 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024
 Learn Mandarin Pinyin: Compound
Finals and Nasal Finals
Here are very good videos to teach vowels and
vowel combinations.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-T8BlTd27l
A&list=TLnVuvFU88OHA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZZLXiLF72
Yo

http://www.ctcfl.ox.ac.uk/Groups/Groups.htm

http://www.ctcfl.ox.ac.uk/Groups/Groups.htm

14 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 Learn to pronounce different pinyin
combination with four different tones


http://www.chineselearner.com/pinyin/pinyin
chart.htm
(pinyin combination chart 1)

http://www.chineselearner.com/pinyin/pinyin
chart2.htm
(Pinyin combination chart 2)

http://www.chineselearner.com/pinyin/pinyin
chart3.htm
(Pinyin combination chart 3)

http://www.chineselearner.com/pinyin/pinyin
15
chart4.htm Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024
 THE WRITING SYSTEM

16 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 Painting –Prior to writing

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 Symbols on the turtle
shells

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 刻划符号

19 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 The first character in Chinese
according to lengends.

鱼 (fish)

20 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 The six categories in Chinese
language
1. Pictographs
2. Self-explanatory characters
3. Associative compounds
4. Pictogphonetic characters (with one element
indicating meaning and the other sound)
5. Mutually explanatory characters
6. Phonetic loan characters

21 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 1. pictographs

22 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 Pictograph: “ 雨”

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 Pictograph: 云”

24 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 Pictograph: the character for
mountain—“ 山”

25 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 Pictographs ： “象”

象
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 Pictograph— 鼠


鼠

27 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024

 pictograph— 门

28
门 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early College 10/27/2024
 pictographs— 瓜、巢

29 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024

 Categories 2—Self-explanatory
characters

本（ root ）


本 = 木 + with a
a line at the root
The character “ 本”
(meaning “root”).

30 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024

 Simplified Traditional Mandarin
English Definition
Chinese Chinese Pinyin
dawn; morning; day-
旦 dàn break; day;

旦 = 》 日 (“sun”) + the
horizontal line (symbolizing the
31
horizen) Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024
 Simplified Traditional Mandarin
English Definition
Chinese Chinese Pinyin

上 shàng Above
下 xià down

32 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024

 Category 3:Associative compounds:
笔（ pen)= 竹（ bamboo)+ 毛（ [animal] hair)

竹
毛
33 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024
 Associative compound— 看
(“look”)

34 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024

 Associative compounds

35 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024

 Category 4—
Phoneticpictographs
80% of Chinese characters are
phoneticpictographs.

妈 == 》 + 马
Indicates the
(mother) sound how
the word
Meaning might be
”Woman” pronounced:
“ma”
36 Dr. Ling-Ling Shih, Bard High School Early Co 10/27/2024
 Guessing games

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