Session Fall 2027
Session Fall 2027
2024
1
Class Profile
2 PhD Students
◦ ME & ISE
25 Masters Students
◦ EE – 10
◦ Material Science
◦ Industrial and Systems Engineering - 15
Manufacturing Engineering
Computer Engineering
Management Systems Engineering
◦ Not committed yet -3
2
Class Profile
Undergraduate Prior Degrees: EE- 8, ME-7
ISE-2, CE, Electronics & Communication-5,
Biology, Accounting, Materials Science
Universities
◦ Virginia Tech – 10, Penn State – 3, USAF Academ
◦ Jeddah College of Technology, Amrita Viswa
◦ Vanderbilt, Lahore, VIT Vellore, King Fahad Univ
◦ Pittsburgh, Sanjay Ghodawat University
◦ Mumbai (5) & Osmania University – India
◦ National Institute of Engineering, Shiv Nadar
◦ Central American University Jose Simeon Canas
3
Class Profile
Current Jobs
◦ VT Graduate Research Assistants
◦ Manufacturing Engineer Interns
◦ Eaton Corp, Boeing, Accenture
◦ PepsiCo, Saudi Aramco, Engo Fertilizers
◦ EEPlus, Inc, Jacobs, Wolfspeed,
◦ Northrup Grumman, Amazon
◦ MODINE Mfg, USAF, State of VA
◦ Yamaha Motors,
◦ Bowhead, US Gov – Department of
Commerce
4
Interesting Facts
Baking and Weaving
Being Adventurist Love to Travel and Hike
College Swim Team & Play Cricket
Completed Triathlon
Worked on Payload for NASA
Learned Kuchipudi Indian Classical Dance
Play Piano
Power Lift
Volunteer Tax Preparer
Have a Patent
5
Class Profile
Course Expectations (Practical Application
& Entrepreneurship)
◦ Understand New Product Development (NPD) &
Innovation Terminology
◦ Learn about Product Life Cycle Process
including from Lab to Real World
Commercialization
◦ Role of Emerging Technologies & Trends
◦ Learn new processes, technology & methods
◦ How to conduct Technology Transfer
◦ New Product Integration
◦ Comments: Role of AI, IOT, ML,
6
TRANSFER AND APPLICATION OF
EMERGING TECHNOLOGY
ISE 5164
Strategic Management of
Technological Innovation
SESSION 3
7
Housekeeping
1. Significant things that I want to share
with you at the start of each class…
What is a Business Model?
Review Reading & Session Assignment Grids
All Reading & Case Study Summaries are to
be put into the VT CANVAS Discussion Folder
8
Business Model 1 of
2
The term "Business Model" has been bandied about lately by academics, businesspeople, and consultant.
We know that it has something to do with a portrayal of a firm's business, but what exactly is it anyway?
8 Dimensions:
Customer Value - The firm must offer customers something valuable.
Scope - The firm's products, processes and services across product lines, business units, geographic
areas, or channels should amplify and be consistent with each other; that is, the scope of the business
should help the firm rather than hurt
Pricing - The pricing plan for each product or service should take into consideration both the type of
pricing - whether it be fixed (menu), one-to-one
Revenue Sources - The firm should identify and maximize all sources of revenues whether they are
subscription, advertising-based, pay-for-service, markup, and so on.
, auction based, or something else - and the control the firm has over margins.
Connected Activities - These activities add the most value to the firm and/or to their key stakeholders.
It behooves the firm to concentrate on picking the most advantageous activities, remembering that many
companies add value not only by assembly or retailing of manufactured goods, but also by building and
maintaining a network of customers / suppliers or by solving a client's specific problem.
9
Business Model 2 of 2
Implementation - The firm should be ready to execute or implement its model by making sure that
its strategy structure, systems, people, and environment are consistent with one another.
Capabilities - The firm should be ready for controlling strategic resources and building distinctive
capabilities that are difficult to imitate and that provide a competitive advantage.
Sustainability - The firm must decide how it will sustain its advantage in the future: Will
it rely on barriers such as intellectual property protection? Will it attempt to out-innovate
its competitors if barriers are ephemeral? Will it form alliances to gain advantage? Or will
it work out some combination of the above?
All business models can be described and appraised along these eight dimensions. How
the Internet fits in with them defines the Internet Business Model. The purpose of
identifying and evaluating these components is to ascertain the firm's competitive position
going forward. Must a firm be strong on all eight dimensions? No, but knowing which
are the stronger versus the weaker qualities may help a firm concentrate resources on
improving the weak ones and defending the strong.
10
Case Study Launch -
NutraSweet
Introduction & Background
◦ 34.1
◦ 34.2
34.2.1
34.2.2
1
Student
Patrick
Robert Cooper
1&2
Student
1
Student NutraSweet Student
Student Name 1 2 3
1 Fahad Almaiman
2 Nihal Belliappa
3 Kelsey Coleman
4 Atharya Deherkar
5 Ibrahim Eshera
6 Boone Estes
7 Julian Galtan 9/4/2024
8 Allen George
9 Syeda Gillani
10 Tanmay Kadam
11 Abhiram Karri
12 Albert Kodua
13 Vaishnavi Kovilakom
14 Soham Kulkarni
15 Isha Makwana
16 Aditya Mandhare
17 Destiny Mason
18 Niharika Mehta
19 Kirti Mhamunkar
20 Utkaesh Mishra
21 Sami Nour 9/11/2024
22 Anugraa Pandidural
23 Ashley Pepper 9/4/2024
24 Kandice Pettaway
25 Anas Qutah
26 Rajashree Ramu
27 Rahul Seenivasan
28 Priya Shanmugasundaram
29 Nishanth Shetty
30 Helen Shibru
Brandy Soto
31
32 Karla Urquilla
12
l. TECHNOLOGICAL
INNOVATION
13
INNOVATION
Something New/Novel …..
Perceived Value in Market Space
◦ To Manifest a New Concept
Competitive Advantage
(Disruption)
◦ Creative Destruction (Schumpeter
1883-1950)
Not easy, but imperative!
Core Competency
14
INNOVATION
Product, Process, Position, Paradigm
(4P’s)
Tangible vs. Intangible (IP)
Continuous vs. Incremental
Discontinuous vs. Radical
Innovation Space
Stages in Life Cycle of an Innovation
Knowledge-Based Process
NOT Invention
Technical Possibilities/Market
Opportunities 15
TECHNOLOGY
Entity which Enables Performance
Hard vs. Soft Technologies
Technology-Enterprise-Mission
Invention (Concept for New
Technology)
Created - Not Discovered (Research)
Intellectual vs. Tangible Property
Concept, Prototype, Application
Innovation Requires Application
16
TECHNOLOGICAL
INNOVATION
The Innovative Application of
Technology
◦ Implement Something New & Valuable
◦ Performance Enabling Technology
◦ Disruptive in the Marketplace
◦ Expands Enterprise Performance
Capability
Deficiency or Opportunity
Other means of expanding capability?
STI – Science, Technology,
Innovation
17
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
MANAGEMENT
Thinking about STI as a process,
system, enterprise
Views
Perspective
Context
Entity of Interest
Focus
Bias
Motivation
18
PROCESS VIEW OF
INNOVATION
◦ Enterprise Perspective
Innovation Process (Search to Capture) –
Trott
◦ Marketing Perspective
Stage-Gate Process (Discovery to Launch) –
Cooper
◦ Manufacturing Perspective
Development Funnel (Investigate to Ship)–
Wheelwright
19
Innovation Management
20
al.STI
PROCESS MODELS
Science, Technology,
Innovation
21
STI PROCESS MODELS
Innovation Process (Trott)
Development Process (Wheelwright)
Stage Gate System (Cooper)
IP Development
Open Innovation
SE Process – INCOSE System Engineering
Handbook chapt 4)
Technology Transfer
Technology Readiness Levels (TRL’s)
Manufacturing Readiness Levels (MRL’s)
Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI)
Applied STL – Life Cycle Process
22
INNOVATION:
A CORE BUSINESS PROCESS
Search for innovation possibilities
23
DEVELOPMENT
Funnel
Framework
Process
Organization
24
Tonight’s Readings
25
Paul Trott – Innovation
Management
Chapter 2 – National Systems of
Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Kelsey
26
Paul Trott - Innovation
Management
Chapter 3 – Public Sector
Innovation
Kelsey
27
Robert Cooper – Winning at
New Products
Anas
28
NPD PROCESS
New Products
RC 4
29
NPD PROCESS
What is Stage-Gate?
Seven Goals of the process
How to manage risk
A Best-Practice New Product
System
Overview of Stage-Gate System
Five Main Artefacts
What types of projects?
Debunking the Myths
RC 4 30
NPD PROCESS
Gates with Teeth
◦ Challenges at the gates
◦ Funneling Approach
◦ Sharpening the Gate Decisions
◦ How effective gates work
◦ Tips/Hints in Gate Governance
◦ Who are the gatekeepers?
◦ How to run gates and ways to
accelerate
◦ Make the gates work !
RC 9 31
Wheelwright & Clark –
Revolutionizing Product
Development
Chapter1 – Competing Through
Development Capability
Sami
32
Wheelwright & Clark -
Revolutionizing Product
Development
Chapter2 – The Concept of a
Development Strategy
XXX
33
W & C Chapter 2
The Concept of a Development
Strategy
Recommendation:
36
IP DEVELOPMENT
An Enterprise Asset
IP Strategy
Types of IP
Protect Exclusive Rights
Few References to IP Development
per se
Integral to R&D &
Invention/Creativity
37
COLLABORATION
In-House
Open Innovation
◦ Partner
◦ University
◦ Private Contractor
◦ Open Source
38
NINE STEPS of The
TECHNOLOGY LIFE CYCLE
Research (investigate / discovery)
Technology Development (invention)
New Product Development (creation)
Commercialization (sell transaction)
Acquisition (buy transaction)
Implementation (innovation –
new/valuable)
Sustainment (life cycle capability process)
Enhancement (capability development)
Retirement (viability in the marketplace
then Sunset)
39
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
Horizontal – one enterprise to
another
◦ Value-based transaction
◦ Commercialization
◦ Acquisition
41
TRL’s
Technology Readiness Levels
Systems
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_readi
ness_level
42
MRL’s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuf
acturing_readiness_level
43
CMMI
Enterprise Capability
◦ Mission and Strategic Objectives
Process Deficiency (operational need)
Process Opportunity (emerging
technique/technology)
◦ Capability Development
44
STI (LIFE CYCLE PROCESS)
Rationalization
Conceptualization
Realization
Utilization
45
Special Lecture
46
Emerging Technology (ET)
Emerging technologies are technologies whose development,
48
Major Benefits
Establish a definable and repeatable process
Ability
to have a well documented ET
landscape to share with others
49
Introduction
Establishing an “Emerging Technology Process” helps an
organization be “selectively aggressive” and focus on adopting
those technologies or other innovations that will have a
significant business impact.
50
Approach
Using a “top down” approach, identify emerging
technologies that might impact and support business
innovation over the next 18 months.
51
Sample ET Sources
INPUT
Computer
Economic
s
52
Gartner Emerging
Technology Hype Cycle –
Every Year
53
Emerging Technology
Roadmap
54
Top Strategic Technology
Trends
Gartner Group
55
Info Tech Trends
Info - Tech 56
Target Audience
Constituency Served: Federal CXOs (CIOs/CTOs) and other Government
executives (e.g., S&T Directors) responsible for identifying, assessing and
deploying emerging technology and maturing it to become a major compone
of the IT & business strategy.
Key Activities:
1. Come together to evaluate and react to game-changing technologies.
2. Share lessons learned from the Emerging Technology Process Model in the
Federal space.
3. Form committees around and provide insight on high-potential technologies
accelerate awareness and adoption.
4. Actively monitor the emerging technology landscape.
Outputs:
Watch Best
Use Cases
Lists Practices
58
ET Process Model
Survey the ET
Landscape
Investigate
Potential
Opportunities
Strategically
Align to
Objectives
Implement for
Efficiency &
Productivity
Gains
Evaluate for
Benefits
Achieved
59
ET Process Model
• Scan Emerging Technology Watch Lists (Products, Services, Processes, Business Models)
Survey the ET • Follow Technology Forecasts (Timings)
Landscape
• Track Technology and Management Trends & Directions (Adoption Rates)
60
Top Emerging Technologies Prepared By:
John Geraghty &
"Watch List" Pat Mahoney
Open Source
Cloud Digital Others
# DATA SOURCE Mobile IT Web 2.0/ Social Media Business Intelligence Virtualization Software Green IT
Computing (SOA)
Technologies
Bundled
Cloud-based
Server/Storage
integration
CORPORATE Virtualization Unified threat
services; cloud- Social
Platforms; tools; Unified
1 EXECUTIVE based 4G Mobile Data Networking
Desktop computing
BOARD desktops; Software
virtualization; systems
Hybrid cloud
Application
interfaces
virtualization
Storage Class
Cloud Memory,
Social Analytics; Social BI Search
Computing; Digital asset Context Aware
Mobile Apps & Social business Communication Improvements Social BI Data Mash up
3 GARTNER Information
Media Tablets models; Social & Collaboration, Location Integration Tools
management; Computing;
Dispersal 3D printing Video in Contact
media Video intelligence
Algorithms Centers; Human
Augmentation
NATIONAL Notebook/
Cloud Online Social Open Source
5 ENGINEERS WEEK
Computing
Netbook
Networking
Virtualization
Software
FOUNDATION adoption
Artificially
Video, Imaging Structured met
& Compression; materials;
TECHNOLOGY
6 Augmented Computerized
REVIEW Reality; Digital Diagnostics;
Information Optical
Antennas
REFERENCES 3. Emerging Technology Analysis: Video in Contact Centers. (November 29, 2010). Gartner
1. Emerging Technology Roadmap. (2010). The Corporate Executive Board. 3. Emerging Trends Radar Screen: The Business Impact of Technology, Societal and Management Trends. (October 17-21, 2010). Gartner
2. The Top 15 Technology Trends EA Should Watch: 2011 To 2013. (October 14, 2010). Forrester. 3. Emerging Technology Analysis: Information Dispersal Algorithms Will Speed Cloud Storage Adoption. (September 24, 2010). Gartner
3. Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2011. (October 17-21, 2010). Gartner 4. Input Federal Emerging Technology Market 2009-2014. (November, 2009). Input.
Sample Interview
Questions
1. Emerging Technology Process
•How do you discover new or emerging technologies?
•Do you have a formal or informal Emerging Technology Process?
•What are your major processes or approach for new technology investigation and adoption?
•What are the evaluation decision criteria to decide which technologies you want to pursue and which ones you don’t want t
2. Technology Specific Questions
•What new technologies are you currently exploring?
•How do this effort help your agency?
•What lab facilities do they have to explore new technologies?
3. Business Function Specific Questions
•What new business function are you trying to investigate or launch?
•How do they help your agency?
•How do you discover and test new business functions & capabilities?
4. Organization Structure Questions
•Who makes your technology decision – Individual / Committee / Board / other?
•What is the organization structure used to support technology innovation?
•How are your technology innovation efforts / initiatives / opportunities funded?
•Do they have a yearly cycle or repeating process to systematically explore new technologies that are emerging constantly?
5. Vendor / Industry / Academic Collaboration
•Which periodicals or web sites do you follow to support your technology identification?
•Do you engage with vendors or subscription services in exploring new technologies?
•Do you collaborate with other Federal agencies or non-profits?
•Do you use ET.gov or other sources to help with this effort identification and feedback
6. Technology Disposal Questions
•How do you determine the usefulness and lifecycle of your installed IT technology
•How do you retire old or retired products, services and processes?
7. ET Experiences
•What has been your best & worst experience with technology research & infusion?
8. Any additional thoughts or comments?
62
Sample of Government Technology
Activities Per Latest New
Services…
DARPA Department of Depart of Interior Depart of Homeland Security
Mobile IT (Foley) Energy Virtualization (Desktop) Robotic Technologies (Cooney)
Robotic Technologies Cloud Computing Cloud Computing Mobile Devices - Biometric/
(Cooney) (Optimizing) Mobile Strategy Fingerprint Scanning (L-1
Web 2.0 (Agency Identity)
Spotlight) Mobile Devices – 4G Solutions
(EADS)
Social Security A U.S. Air Force U.S. Army U.S. Census Bureau
Online Services (Foley) Cloud Computing & Cloud Computing Cloud Computing
Web 2.0 Mobil IT (Foley) Second Life (Sideman) Smart Phones
Virtualization (Foley, Air Web 2.0 / Social Media Tablets
Force) (Foley) Virtualization
Virtualization (Foley)
63
Best Practice Adoption and
Management
Establish a capability to conduct this type of activity once
per year
Identify and assign this role and responsibility
Determine your organization’s technology personality,
expectations and vision
Segment the adoption opportunities (18 months, 3-5 year, 5
+)
Focus on the effectiveness and impact on key social trends
and processes
Conduct joint investigations with vendors, research centers
and universities
Discuss and share interests with other federal and state
government agencies
Use hands-on lab experiments to test products
64
Issues and Challenges
Capability visioning sessions and mission delivery services
schedules
Continuous research and not just what appears to be of
interest
Determine the difference between emerging technologies and
disruptive deployments
How do you determine the impact and potential benefits from
new technologies on your existing enterprise architecture and
infrastructure
Cyber security remains the major concern of rapid
development and deployment of new technologies
Evaluation and prioritization process of initiatives
Technology standards are well behind the release of new
product and service offerings
65
Reference Sources
Agency Spotlight: Department of Energy. Chief Human Capital Officers Council.
Retrieved March 29, 2012 from
http://www.chcoc.gov/Agencies/ViewAgency.aspx?AgencyID=16
Best Practices Study of Social Media Records Policies. (March, 2011). ACT-IAC.
Retrieved from
http://www.actgov.org/knowledgebank/whitepapers/Documents/Shared%20Interest
%20Groups/Collaboration%20and%20Transformation%20SIG/Best%20Practices%20
of%20Social%20Media%20Records%20Policies%20-%20CT%20SIG%20-%2003-31-1
1%20%283%29.pdf
Claps, M. (February 16, 2010). Five Key Pitfalls Government IT Executives Should
Avoid During Major Reorganizations. Gartner.
Cooney, M. (September 23, 2010). Five Federal Agencies want Big Robot Technology
Advances. Network World. Retrieved from http://
www.networkworld.com/community/blog/five-federal-agencies-want-big-robot-techn
olonogy
EADS Defense & Security and Alcatel-Lucent Sign Strategic Alliance to Provide
Advanced Broadband Solutions to the Public Safety Market. (April 19, 2010). EADS.
Retrieved from
http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/wps/portal/!ut/p/kcxml/04_Sj9SPykssy0xPLMnMz0vM0
Y_ QjzKLd4x3tXDUL8h2VAQAURh_Yw!!?
LMSG_CABINET=Docs_and_Resource_Ctr&LMSG_CONTENT_FILE=News_Releases_20
10/News_Article_002040.xml
Emerging Technology Roadmap: Ninety-Seven Companies Collaborated to Roadmap
66
the Adoption of 70 Emerging Technologies. (2010). Corporate Executive Board.
Reference Sources
(continued)
Fenn, J. (March 30, 2010). Driving the STREET Process for Emerging Technology and
Innovation Adoption. Gartner.
Fenn, J. (August 11, 2010). Key Issues for Business Innovation and Emerging Trends,
2010. Gartner.
Fenn, J. (November 5, 2009). Most Valuable Technologies: Survey Results for Emerging-
Technology Adoption and Management. Gartner.
Foley, J. (November 8, 2010). Air Force CIO Priorities: Networking at Mach 6. Information
Week Government. Retrieved from
http://www.informationweek.com/news/government/leadership/ showArticle.jhtml?
articleID=228200339
Foley, J., & Hoover, N. (February 2, 2011). Government CIO 50. Information Week
Government. Retrieved from
http://www.nyc.gov/html/doitt/downloads/pdf/week_top_50.pdf
Harris-Ferrante, K., Koslowski, T., Moyer, K., Knox, M., Free, D., McKibben, D., et al.
(November 23, 2010). Top Industry Predicts 2011: Industries Rebound and Surge
Ahead. Gartner.
L-1 Identity Solutions Awarded Research and Development Contract by Department of
Homeland Security for Mobile Fingerprint Technology. (July 6, 2010). L-1 Identity
Solutions. Retrieved from: http://ir.l1id.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=485130
Karel, R. (October 23, 2009). Trends 2009: Master Data Management. Forrester.
67
Reference Sources
(continued)
Keeping the Record Straight: An Overview of How SSA’s Data Exchange Program
Works. Social Security Advisory Board. Accessed March 26, 2011 from
http://www.ssab.gov/Documents/Data_Exchange_Issue_Brief_Series_-
_Keeping_the_Record_Straight.pdf
Kundra, V. (2010). 25 Point Implementation Plan to Reform Federal Information
Technology Management. Chief Information Officers Council. Retrieved from
http://www.cio.gov/documents/25-Point-Implementation-Plan-to-Reform-Federal
%20IT.pdf
Leganza, G. (October 14, 2010). The Top 15 Technology Trends EA Should Watch:
2011 to 2013. Forrester.
Management IT Best Practices 2010/2011. (2010). Computer Economics. Irvine,
CA.
McKenzie, I. (January 17, 2011). U.S. Department of Agriculture Deploys Massive
Cloud Solution. Cloud Computing Journal. Retrieved from
http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/1669217
Mesaglio, M., & Aron, D. (August 6, 2010). Determining how and where Innovation
Fits into your IT Strategy. Gartner.
Optimizing the Cloud for High-Performance Computing. (March 23, 2011). AFCEA
Bethesda Presents High Performance Cloud Computing Symposium. Abstract
retrieved from https://www.signup4.net/public/ap.aspx?EID=HIGH37E&OID=147
68
Reference Sources
(concluded)
Sideman, A. (February 4, 2011). Army's Second Life Site Offers Support to
Soldiers, Families. Federal Computer Week. Retrieved from
http://gcn.com/articles/2011/02/04/army-second-life-troop-family-support.aspx?
sc_lang=en
Tech Trends 2011: The Natural Convergence of Business and IT. Deloitte
Development, LLC. Accessed March 27, 2011 from
http://www.deloitte.com/assets/Dcom-UnitedStates/Local%20Assets/Documents/
us_consulting_techtrends_021511.pdf
Technology Trends 2010/2011. (2010). Computer Economics. Irvine, CA.
U.S. Department of Agriculture. (February 19, 2010). Preparing Level Ground”
Geospatial Strategy Implementation for Increased Web 2.0 Equity and Adoption.
Retrieved from
http://proceedings.esri.com/library/userconf/feduc10/papers/user/feduc_lowe.pdf
Van Decker, J. (April 28, 2010). 2010 Gartner FEI Technology Study Research
Collection. Gartner.
Web Conferencing Comparison Guide. (June, 2010 revised). Focus Research.
69
QUESTIONS ?
70
NEXT WEEK (9/18/2024)
Session 4