M U NI C ATI O N IN C

O M O NT
L C EX
R A T
O

PRINCIPLE
S
OF
SPEECH
WRITING
LESSON OBJECTIVES

Identify the Set clear Use effective speech

principles, objectives in writing principles to
develop one’s
techniques, and writing speech;
speech.
process in writing;
PRINCIPLE
1:
CHOOSIN
G THE
TOPIC
THINGS TO CONSIDER
WHEN CHOOSING A
TOPIC
Make sure that the topic is interesting to you and to
your audience.
The topic may or may not be timely but is
always relevant to you and the audience.
Choose a topic that is new, attention-grabbing
and helps
prevent boredom from the audience.
THINGS TO CONSIDER
WHEN CHOOSING A
TOPIC
Be mindful of the controversiality among your
topics. Be mindful of the culture, gender, social
status, and religious affiliation of the listener.
Consider choosing a topic that is at the level of
knowledge of both the speaker and the
audience.
PRINCIPLE
2:
ANALYZIN
G
THE
AUDIEN
 HOW TO ANALYZE YOUR
AUDIENCE
Before writing down anything about your speech, you
should engage first in analyzing your audience. A speech
you deliver for one occasion cannot simply be used for
another. There is no speech that fits any and all occasions.
Each speech has its different purpose and manner of
delivery. Thus, every speech written and delivered by every
speaker is unique.
 HOW TO ANALYZE YOUR
AUDIENCE
FIRST, get or guess the demographic data of the audience:
age, gender, ethnic background, occupation, economic, and
social status. These data will influence that way you will write
the speech -- what points to choose, what to leave out, the
words to use, and even what tone of voice will work on them.
 HOW TO ANALYZE YOUR
AUDIENCE
SECOND, it is important to know the groups to which your
audience belongs as these groups hold certain beliefs and
values. You may then be able to ascertain how your listeners
feel about certain issues without having to talk to each and
every listener or do a survey among them.
 HOW TO ANALYZE YOUR
AUDIENCE
THIRD, it is just as important to find out how your audience
feels about the topic of your speech and what they already
know about it so that you do not repeat it and bore the
audience.
 HOW TO ANALYZE YOUR
AUDIENCE
LASTLY, you should try to know how the audience feel about
you as the speaker and what they already know about you.
The speaker may be able to gauge this from the organizers of
the event and the pople who extended the invitation.
 HOW TO ANALYZE YOUR
AUDIENCE
2. It is important to know the groups to which your audience
belongs as these groups hold certain beliefs and values. You may
then be able to know how your listeners feel about certain issues
without having to talk to each and every listener. If you think that
your topic might offend someone from your classmates due to
religious, cultural, or moral concerns, you may consider toning
down or changing your topic.
 HOW TO ANALYZE YOUR
AUDIENCE
3. You may do a survey among your audience beforehand or
in advance about what they already know about your topic.
This may help you make adjustments like adding new points
to your topic or replacing it with a catchier and more
interesting topic to talk about.
PRINCIPLE 3:
SOURCIN
G
THE
INFORMATI
 CONSULT ONLY THE
GOOD SOURCES
Some good sources of information for your speech
newspapers, magazines, books, journals, are or any
material full of useful information. Search reading
engines on the
Internet such as Google or Yahoo may also be used. But, the
best resource is people, especially the experts or those who are
involved in the field to which the topic belongs.
 CONSULT ONLY THE
GOOD SOURCES
Information for any topic must be relevant and that it
discusses the topic directly. The information must be timely
or it focuses on the present or recent past. The
information gathered must be at the level of knowledge
of both the speaker (you) and the audience, without
offending any of your listeners.
PRINCIPLE
tt:
THE
ORGANIZI
SPEECH
NG
CONTENT
 OUTLINING AND
ORGANIZING
The first step is to sort the information into categories:
statistic, testimonies, and opinions, historical facts, etc. They
may also be classified according to the point they are
making, specifically that part of the topic to be discussed.
 OUTLINING AND
ORGANIZING
The next step is to organize the speech itself. The best
method is an outline. Even a manuscript speech and a
memorized speech begin with an outline, which is then
filledo ut with supporting materials.
 OUTLINING AND
ORGANIZING
TYPES OF OUTLINES

CHRONOLOGICAL OUTLINE - a historical/

time approach like from the past to the present.

Example:
Development of Ilocos Region from Martial Law to the
Present
 OUTLINING AND
ORGANIZING
TYPES OF OUTLINES

SPATIAL/GEOGRAPHICAL OUTLINE - going

from
one place to another, from one direction to
another.

Example:
 OUTLINING AND
ORGANIZING
TYPES OF OUTLINES

CAUSE AND EFFECT OUTLINE - involves a

discussion of both cause and effect of an issue.

Example:
The Fish Kill in Laguna de Bay
 OUTLINING AND
ORGANIZING
TYPES OF OUTLINES

PROBLEM-SOLUTION OUTLINE - explains a problem

and suggests a possible solution.

Example:
Cleaning Up Manila Bay
 OUTLINING AND
ORGANIZING
TYPES OF OUTLINES

TOPICAL OUTLINE - divides the topic into subtopics based

on the importance or interest value because the topic
requires it; for topics that do not fall under any of the
previously mentioned outlines.
Example:
Social Media Have Made Us Anti-social
TECHNIQUES FOR WRITING
THE SPEECH
FIRST TECHNIQUE
Write the body of the speech first and then fill the
speech with supporting materials.
Write the introduction and conclusion afterwards.
TECHNIQUES FOR WRITING
THE SPEECH
SECOND TECHNIQUE
Write the conclusion first before any other parts
as it is helpful because it shows what the
speech ends with.
TECHNIQUES FOR WRITING
THE SPEECH
THIRD TECHNIQUE
Write the introduction first to guide the speech in
the direction one wants it to go, then filling in the
body and writing the conclusion.
TECHNIQUES FOR WRITING
THE SPEECH
When writing an extemporaneous and impromptu
speech, only the introduction and conclusion can be
written out in full. The body of the speech should
remain in outline form.
TECHNIQUES FOR WRITING
THE SPEECH
It is not enough to carefully prepare and write a
speech. For public communication to take place, the
speech has to be delivered, transmitted from mouth
to ear. A speech that is never delivered is useless, even
it is finally read later.