GET TO KNOW ME :

Hello! my name is Robert F. Turla

31 yrs old
Currently living in : MANILA
Graduated : Bachelor of Science In Criminology at
Eulogio “AMANG” Rodriguez Institute of Science &
Technology on 2013

REGISTERED CRIMINOLOGIST SINCE 2013 ,

WELCOME STUDENT :
FIRST AID SAFETY & WATER
SURVIVAL PE-3
SESSION 1 :
INTRODUCTION TO FIRST AID
● DEFINITION OF TERMS
● ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
● CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD FIRST AIDER
● OBJECTIVES OF FIRST AID
● IMPORTANCE OF FIRST AID
● BASIC LIFE SAVING STEPS
● PURPOSES OF FIRST AID TRAINING
● GENERAL DIRECTIONS FOR FIRST AID
● HINDRANCES IN GIVING FIRST AID
● BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR FIRST AID
● FIRST AID KITS
● Q&A
SESSION 1 :

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST AID

 WHAT IS FIRST AID ?
● First aid is an emergency care given to an injured person.
● The purpose of first aid is to minimize injury and future disability.
● In serious cases , first aid is necessary to keep the victim
(PATIENT) alive.

FIRST AIDER : The person giving first aid

DEFINITION OF TERMS
● EMERGENCY - Is a situation that poses immediate
risk to health, life , property or environment.
● INJURY - is a general term that refers to any
damage to the human body
● SELF AID - is any care given to oneself.
● HEMMORHAGE - is an escape of large quantities
of blood from the blood vessels that may cause
shock.
● SHOCK -is a state of condition when there is not
enough or adequate blood supplies to the vital
tissues and organs.
● DRESSING - is a sterile pad or a compressed
sponge that is applies directly to cover the
wound
● BANDAGE - is a piece of material that is use to
support a dressing, splint or an injured part of a
person’s body.
● FRACTURE - refers to a break in the continuity of a
bone.
● VENOM - is a venom secreted by some animals and
injected into the body of victim thru bites
● HEAT INJURIES - are environmental injuries that may
result when a person is exposed to extreme heat,
such as from the sun or from high temperatures.
● HEAT CRAMPS - are muscle spasm caused by low
levels of salt and water in the body
● HEAT EXHAUSTION - is caused by loss of water
through sweating caused by inadequate fluid
replacement; it may cause heat stroke.
● HEAT STROKE - is a medical emergency that can be fatal if not
treated promptly and correctly. It occurs when a person
experiences an abnormally elevated body temperature caused by
failure of the body’s cooling mechanism when the environmental
temperature is too high or there is dehydration.
● COLD INJURIES - are most likely to occur when an unprepared
individual is exposed to very low temperature and the blood
circulation to the extremities become inadequate. This is also
known as frostbite.
● BURN - is a type of injury to flesh or skin caused by heat,
electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation.
ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRST AIDER

1) Bridge that fills the gap between the victim and the
physician.
2) Ensure safety of him/herself and of bystander.
3) Gain access to the victim
4) Determine any treats to patient’s life
5) Summon advance medical care as needed.
6) Provide needed care for the patient.
7) Assist advance personnel.
8) Record all findings and care given to a patient.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD FIRST AIDER

● GENTLE - The first aider should not caused pain to the victim/patient.
● RESOURCEFUL - The first aider should make the best things at hand.
● OBSERVANT - The first aider should notice all signs and symptoms of
the illness.
● TACTFUL - The first aider should not alarm the victim/patient.
● EMPATHIC - The first aider should be comforting on the feelings and
the pain experienced by the victim/patient.
● RESPECTFUL - The first aider should maintain professional & caring
attitude.
● CHEERFUL - The first aider should have a happy expressions that
inspires confidence.
OBJECTIVES OF FIRST AID
1) To alleviate sufferings.
2) To prevent added/further injury , damage or danger.
3) To Prolong life.
IMPORTANCE OF FIRST AID
1) To save life.
2) To prevent permanent hospitalization.
3) To reduce prolonged hospitalization
BASIC LIFE SAVINGS STEPS
1) Check for blood circulation (pulse)
2) Check for breathing.
3) Check for bleeding.
4) Check for shock.

PURPOSES OF FIRST AID TRAINING

1) To prevent accidents.
2) To train people to do the right thing at
the right time.
3) To prevent added injury or danger.
4) To provide proper transportation if
necessary.
5) To give first aid to a large number of
person’s caught in a natural disaster
 GENERAL DIRECTIONS FOR FIRST AID
1) DON’T PANIC - The first aider must remain calm so that he/she has a clear
mind during the emergency situation
2) TO ENSURE SAFETY OF THE AREA - In an emergency situation, the first
aider must first make sure that the area is safe for him/her and the victim
3) CHECK FOR VITAL FUNCTIONING - The first aider should asses and monitor
pulse and breathing of the victim
4) CHECK FOR INJURIES - the first aider must conduct careful examination to
the victim to prevent further injury, incase of multiple injuries, the first
aider should know which problem to treat first.
5) GIVE THE NEEDED FIRST AID URGENTLY - The aider must be capable of
applying necessary and appropriate steps to attain the objectives of first
aiding.
6) KEEP THE VICTIM LYING DOWN - The victim should be examined in a
lying position order to immobilize the body.

7) KEEP THE VICTIM WARM - This would help the victim recover faster by
increasing blood circulation throughout the body. The victim may be
provided with a jacket, a blanket or a body heat transfer by embracing the
victim.

8) DO NOT GIVE FLUIDS TO AN UNCONSCIOUS OR PARTLY CONSCIOUS

PERSON - This must be noted by every person not only by first aider and
rescuers. The water may enter the windpipe and block the airway
passage. Do not arouse an unconscious person by shaking him because it
might cause further injury.
9) FOLLOWING INJURY, DO NOT LIFT A GASPING PERSON BY THE
BELT -This may aggravate injuries of the back or internal organs.

10) REASSURE THE VICTIM - The first aider should explain to the
victim the first aid should be done and how it will/her reduce the
feelings of anxiety.

11) BE RELUCTANT TO MAKE STATEMENTS - The first aider should be

reluctant to give statements to the victim and bystanders about the
injuries. It is not included within the first aider’s tasks to diagnose,
evaluate and predict illnesses and injuries, but only to provide
needed immediate care.
HINDRANCES IN GIVING FIRST AID
1) UNFAVORABLE SURROUNDINGS
2) PRESENCE OF CROWDS
3) PRESSURE FROM VICTIM OR RELATIVES
BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR FIRST AID
1)SPINE BOARD -
A SPINAL BOARD
, is a patient handling device used
Primarily in pre-hospital trauma care
BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR FIRST AID

2) SHORT BOARD / KENDRICKS’S

EXTRICATION DEVICE -
Is a complete immobilization and is ideal
For extricating patient from vehicle
accidents.
BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR FIRST AID

3) SETS OF SPLINTS -
Used to immobilize
musculoskeletal and
nerve injuries, support
healing, and to prevent
further damage.
BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR FIRST AID

4) POLES - is a
lightweight, high-
strength emergency
stretcher .
BASIC EQUIPMENT FOR FIRST AID
5) BLANKETS - it is used to
ensure patients can keep
warm
LET’S CHECK YOUR
KNOWLEDGE !
This is an emergency care for the victim of sudden illness
or injury until more skill medical treatment is available ?
Give a characteristics of a first aider ?
Give a suggested contect of a first aid kit
What are the roles and responsibilities of the first
aider ?
What is the purpose of a first aid ?
That’s all for today see you on our next session :)