Scribd
Upload
12 views

Skletal Muscles

Uploaded by

Somchai Pt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views

Skletal Muscles

Uploaded by

Somchai Pt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

SKELETAL MUSCLES

Dr. & Dr.


Jamila Khaleel
EL Alyahya
Medany
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lecture,
students should be able to
describe:
 the main criteria of skeletal muscles.
 the attachments of skeletal muscles.
 the different directions of skeletal
muscle fibers.
 the mode of action of skeletal muscles.
 Nomenclature of skeletal muscles.
 he nerve supply of skeletal muscles.
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
 It is composed of
two main types :
 1. Involuntary
muscles :
 (a) Smooth: Found
in the walls of
viscera.
 (b) Cardiac: Found
only in the heart.
 2. Voluntary
(skeletal) muscles
MAIN CRITERIA OF
I SKELTAL MUSCLES

 Voluntary.
 Striated.

 Attached to

skeleton.
 Produce

movement of
skeleton.
 Supplied by

somatic nerves.
ATTACHMENTS

Mostly Two:
 ORIGIN: proximal
end, mostly
fleshy, Least
movable.
 INSERTION: distal
end, Most
movable, mostly
fibrous.
TYPES OF
ATTACHMENTS
Muscles are attached

to bones, cartilage or
ligaments by:
 (1) Tendons :
 Cords of fibrous
tissue.
 (2) Aponeurosis :
 A thin and strong
sheet of fibrous
tissue.
 (3) Raphe :
 An inter digitation of
the tendinous ends of
the flat muscles.
DIRECTION OF MUSCLE FIBERS
 Parallel to line of
pull: More range of
movement, less
powerful.
 Pennate (oblique to

line of pull): More


powerful, less parallel
range of movement.
1. 1. Unipennate.

2. 2. Bipennate.

3. 3. Multipennate.
MODE OF ACTION
 1. Prime
mover
(Agonist) :
 It is the chief
muscle
responsible for a
particular
movement
 Example:
Quadriceps
Femoris is the
prime mover for
 2. Antagonist :
 It opposes the
action of the prime
mover.
 Before contraction
of prime mover, the
antagonist must be
relaxed.
 Example: Biceps
Femoris (Flexor of
knee) opposes the
action of quadriceps
when the knee joint
is extended.
 3.Synergist :
 Prevents unwanted
movement in an
intermediate joint
crossed by the Prime
Mover.
 Example: Flexors
and Extensors of
wrist joint contract
to fix wrist joint in
order that flexors
and extensors of
fingers work
efficiently.
 4. Fixator :
 Its contraction does not
produce movement by
itself but it stabilizes
the origin of the prime
mover so that it can act
efficiently.
 Example: Muscles
attaching the shoulder
girdle to the trunk
contract to fix shoulder
girdle, allowing deltoid
muscle (taking origin
from shoulder girdle) to
move shoulder joint
NAMING OF MUSCLES
 According to:
 (A) Size:
1. Major or maximus (large).
2. Minor or minimus (small).
3. Latissimus (broad).
4. Longus (long).
5. Brevis (short).
 (B) Position:
1. Pectoralis (pectoral
region)
 (C) Depth:
1. Superficialis (superficial).
2. Profundus (deep).
3. Externus (external).
 (D) Shape:
1. Deltoid (triangular).
2. Teres (rounded)
3. Rectus (straight).
 (E) Number of Heads:
1. Biceps (2 heads).
2. Triceps (3 heads).
3. Quadriceps (4 heads).
 (F) Attachments:
1. Coracobrachialis (from
coracoid process to arm).
 (G) Action:
1. Flexor digitorum: flexion
of digits.
NERVE SUPPLY

 The nerves supplying


the skeletal muscles
are Mixed.
 60% are Motor.
 40% are Sensory.
 It contains some
Autonomic fibers
(Sympathetic).
 The nerve enters the
muscle at about the
middle point of its
deep surface.
SUMMARY
 Skeletal muscles are striated, voluntary
muscles attached to & move the skeleton.
 They have 2 attachments: origin &

insertion.
 Their fibers may be parallel or oblique

(pennate) to the line of pull.


 According to mode of action, they are

classified as: Prime mover, Antagonist,


Synergist or Fixator.
 They may be named according to: size,

shape, number of heads, position,


attachments, depth or action.
 They are supplied by mixed somatic nerves.

You might also like