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COSC 409 Week 1 Slides - Introduction and Foundations

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ehmerthy
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© © All Rights Reserved
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COSC 409: Human Computer

Interaction (HCI) – Introduction


and Foundations
Haruna Chiroma, Ph.D.
[email protected]
URL:http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3446-431
6
COSC 409 - HCI: Semester Scheduled

• Assignment: 04/03/19 - 11/03/19


• First Test: 01/05/2019
• Group assignment and presentations: 04/04/18
• Quiz: Unannounced
Course Outline

Foundations of HCI, principles of GUI, GUI


toolkits
Human centred software development and
evaluation
GUI design and programming
Design principle for interactive systems
Web usability and accessibility
Human Computer Interaction

Re-shaping the world by computing


Growth in Computing and
Information
Gordon Moore’s Law

Moore’s Law 1965


Penetration
18 Months: Twice speed and memory while
cost remain constant
Computing capacity will increase roughly 10 times in five years and 100
times in 10 years
Human Computer Interaction

Cost of • Half in every 18 months


Computing • Or 100 times cheaper in 10 years

• Speech recognition computer cost


2008 $700
• 2008
• Speech recognition part will cost
2018 $7
• It can included in any device
Human Computer Interaction

Interactive
Applications
Word processors
Spreadsheets
e-mail
Web browsers

Interactive
Devices
Mobile phones
Personal digital assistants (PDAs)
Music players
Human Computer Interaction – Devices

http://www.core77.com/posts/19299/Buxton-Collection-presents-history-of-interactive-devices
Human Computer Interaction

Figure 1.7 Various user interfaces: remote control; microwave; palmtop; and Xbox controller
Source: (a) Fujitsu; (b) © D. Hurst/Alamy Images; (c) Gareth Boden/Pearson Education Ltd. (d) Microsoft Limited
Human Computer Interaction
Human Computer Interaction
Human Computer Interaction - SB
Human Computer Interaction – VC
Human Computer Interaction – Skype
Human Computer Interaction
Human Computer Interaction
Human Computer Interaction

Tabs, pads and boards


Source: (tl) Justin Sullivan/Getty images; (bl) Comstock/Alamy Images; (r) Bryan Bedder/Getty Images
Human Computer Interaction

The Samsung i7410 Sirius Projector Phone


Source: Gaustau Nacarino/Reuters
Human Computer Interaction

i Robo-Q domestic toy robot


Source: Getty Images/ChinaFotoPress
Human Computer Interaction
Human Computer Interaction
Human Computer Interaction
HCI - Foundations

The 3
P’s
HCI: 3 broad
P ri n Foundations
c ip le p l
s eo
P
Practic
e
e
HCI – Foundations

Principle • Intellectual theories


• Models and empirical investigation. HCI is multi-

s discipline in nature

• Practical guidance to practitioners in interaction

Practice design, usability etc.


• HCI learn from practical design and innovation
surrounding it.

• Visionaries who inspired the field: researchers,

People •
educators and practitioners.
HCI – Foundations – Historical Roots

HCI developed as a discipline and a community


in the early 1980s while intellectual roots was 25
yrs earlier
Triggered mostly by PC revolution and the mass
use of computers in offices.
In the 1980s when the major HCI conferences
began Interact, CHI, British HCI and Vienna HCI –
till today
HCI – Foundations – Historical Roots

The graphical user interface and desktop


metaphor, embodied in the early Apple Mac

These were the result of work at Xerox PARC


at the 1970s,
• Mostly based around graphical
programming environments such as
Smalltalk and InterLisp
HCI – Foundations – Historical Roots

It led to the design of the Xerox Star office computer, a


conceptual breakthrough.

The first graphical user interface dates back to the


early 1960s
In 1960s Englebert's 'research centre for augmenting
human intellect' invented the mouse and electronic
conferencing
HCI – Foundations – Historical Roots

Shackel's first propose practical redesign of the


control panel of EMIAC II, early analogue
computer.
In Shackel’s paper titled “Ergonomics for a
Computer”
Principles of practical usability: Prototyping,
empirical testing, visual grouping, and
simplifying design.
Shackel’s paper is based on theoretical work in
Ergonomics and applied experimental
HCI – Foundations – Theory and contributing
discipline

As already noted in the Shackel’s HCI paper, the foundation of


HCI is drawn from a number of disciplines

Computer
Science

Psycholog Ergonomi
y cs

HC
I
HCI – Foundations – Theory and contributing
Disciplines

Later some disciplines were added to the HCI in


addition to the previous once
Ethnograp
Sociology
hy

HCI
Anthropology
HCI – Foundations – Theory and contributing
Disciplines

In recent years, physical design have resurfaced


with interest in tangible computing and strong
research

Desig
HCI
n
HCI – Foundations – Theory and contributing
Disciplines

Contribution from The physical side of HCI 2


ergonomics was based on1 declined as computers were
physical ergonomics, sitting mass-produced as opposed
at a computer terminal and to being in a special
pressing keys. settings.
Ergonomics 4
3
Many laptops and other
Users have suffered from devices sacrificed physical
this loss of ergonomic input. ergonomics for surface
aesthetics.
HCI – Foundations – Contributing
Disciplines

Relationship b/w HCI and web science


HCI – Foundations – Contributing
Disciplines

Relationship b/w HCI and web science


HCI – Foundations – Contributing
Disciplines
HCI – Foundations – Theory and contributing
Disciplines

Limitations of having different discipline in HCI


• The questions we ask in HCI are typically more applied and hence
more complex in terms of interrelations.
Different • Example, on screen reading Vs paper-based: while in many ways
these could be seen as standard perceptual and cognitive
concerns psychology.
• The reasons for studying both were practical and unlikely to have
arisen purely from a psychological interest.
• Some concerns cut across disciplines requiring theoretical
or practical knowledge from multiple areas of study.
• Work on how design affects behaviour, requires
Integrating behavioural psychology and interaction design.
knowledge • harder to find truly integrative HCI theory despite having
model human processors, Norman’s 7 stages of action
etc.
HCI – Foundations – Theory and contributing
Disciplines

• "Asit stands, the only tradition in HCI is that of having


no tradition in terms of research topics. … when a new
technology comes along it seems that researchers start
from scratch leading to relatively isolated research
themes".

Liu, Y., Goncalves, J., Ferreira, D., Xiao, B., Hosio, S., & Kostakos, V. (2014). CHI 1994-2013: Mapping two decades of intellectual progress through
co-word analysis. Proc. Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), Toronto, Canada, 3553-3562.
Human Computer Interaction – Definition

Human Computer
Interaction
Design
Development
Evaluation
Interactive Systems
Human Technology Interaction - HTI

One of the more recent changes in HCI


is that computers really have become
ubiquitous.

a n y e
fin d v ol v
e to o t i n
s ra r e s n
tl y , i t d o
c en t h a
Re nolog y
c h i on .
te u ta t
om p
Human Technology Interaction - HTI
Human Technology Interaction - HTI

Internet of Things
Human Technology Interaction - HTI

• So, Human Computer Interaction is now


effectively Human Technology Interaction.

• This creates new challenges and opens


longer history of human innovation and
evolution of technology.

Dix, A. (2016). Human–computer interaction, foundations and new paradigms. Journal of Visual Languages & Computing.
HCI – Foundations
Question & Answer Session
HCI

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