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Lecture 5

land use planning

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Lecture 5

land use planning

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eshita akter
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ESG-4102: Urban Geography and Planning

Lecture 05: Internal Structure of Cities

A H M Nahid
Assistant Professor
Department of Development Studies
Islamic University, Kushtia

Lecture by A H M Nahid
Basics
• CBD: The Central Business District is at the heart of a city where the original
settlement was sited. Offices, shops and factories are often found here and
very few residential areas.

• Inner City: The inner-city zone grew during the industrial revolution. It would
have consisted of a mix of densely-packed terraced homes and factories.
However, many inner-city housing areas have now been pulled down and
replaced with high rise flats.

• Suburbs: The suburbs began to grow as cities expanded after the 1st world
war. Houses are more varied and are often semi-detached or detached. There
are more gardens and open space.
Basics (Cont.)
• Industrial Estates: These have been built on the fringe of many towns and
cities, where there is more space for single storey factories and car parks.

• Urban sprawl: It is the expansion of an urban area into the countryside.


• Urban sprawl occurs because more people want to live in an urban area and there is a
lack of space for new housing, the expansion of industry, transport links, open space,
etc. so the urban area builds outwards on to greenfield sites.
• Such urban growth has engulfed nearby villages, farmland and woodland. At first the
growth was not well planned, but urban planners have been trying to control the
growth of urban areas by creating green belts and using more brownfield sites.
Basics (Cont.)
• Suburbanization: It refers to the migration of people from urban cities to nearby, less
populated suburban communities. Causes of Suburbanization are Higher living standards,
increased personal wealth, desire for homeownership, improved transportation, government
policies, and socio-economic factors.

• Gentrification: It is a demographic and economic shift that displaces established communities


in favor of newcomers. Example: how middle class displaces working class from a site.

• Disamenity zones: Areas in cities comprising neighborhoods characterized by informal housing


(squatter settlements such as slums) in precarious environmental and social conditions.

• Squatter settlements are areas of housing, usually located on the peripheries of megacities
where residents do not have the legal right to occupy the land they live on.
Cities of
Latin
America
African Cities
1. The Indigenous City
2. The Islamic City
3. The Colonial City
4. The European City
5. The Dual City
6. The Hybrid City
7. The Apartheid City
Cities of the Middle East and
North Africa
1. The lack of any corporate bodies in a society composed of
state and subjects obviated the need for public buildings.
2. The city has a major mosque, called the Friday mosque,
which as well as being a place of worship also provides a
range of welfare and education functions.
3. The bazaar or suq is a key element of the Muslim city.
Suqs comprise a series of small, contiguous market stalls
located in a maze of passageways.
4. The irregular street pattern reflects both a lack of a civil
planning authority to prevent the encroachment of
houses onto public thoroughfares and a response to local
climate by maximizing shade.
5. The residential fabric is composed of a compact structure
of open courtyard houses in which all rooms face onto the
interior courtyard.
Cities in South Asia
Colonial-based Bazaar-based
South-
East
Asian
City
References
Pacione, M. (2005). Urban Geography: A Global Perspective. Taylor &
Francis. Ch. 22.

Lecture by A H M Nahid

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