SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, &

SOCIETY
5:30 PM
Thursday, August 15, 5:30 PM
08/15/2024

2024
BENJIE A. BEDUYA
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Lesson 1:
GE NE R A L Intellectual
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N C E PT S Revolutions
CO
VE N T S that Defined
& E Society
PowerPoint in STS

7:00 PM
 OBJECTIVES x
Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students should be
able to:
1. Discuss how ideas postulated by Copernicus,
Game Darwin, and Freud contributed to the spark of
scientific revolution; and
2. Analyze how scientific revolution is done in
Compare and
Contrast
various parts of the world like in Latin America,
East Asia, Middle east, and Africa.

Definition

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 GAME x x x

Objectives

4 pics 1 word
Game

Compare and
Contrast

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 GAME xx x

Objectives

Game

Compare and
Contrast

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 GAME x x x

Objectives

Game #1
Compare and
SCIENCE
Contrast

Definition

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 GAME xx x

Objectives

Game

Compare and
Contrast

Definition

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 GAME x x x

Objectives

Game #2
Compare and
SCIENCE IDEAS
Contrast

Definition

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 COMPARE AND CONTRAST xx x

Objectives Observe the 2 pictures below.

Game

Compare and
Contrast

Definition

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 INTRODUCTION x

Objectives
Science, Technology, and Society (STS) is an
essential course in the General education
Game
Curriculum for tertiary education. It was
conceptualized to develop deep appreciation
and critical understanding of the role of
Compare and
Contrast
Science and Technology in the development
of people and the society.
Introduction

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 INTRODUCTION x

Objectives

It deals with the interaction between Science

and Technology in social, cultural, political,
Game and economic contexts. It is interdisciplinary
course whereby students are engaged in
Compare and
learning myriad of scientific issue and
Contrast
technological developments.

Introduction

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 INTRODUCTION x

Objectives
The course STS has the 3 Major parts. The First chapter
(LO1) includes analysis of the concepts, theories,
principles, historical events in Science and its development
Game in various civilizations, and the role of Science in nation
building with emphasis on government programs and
projects for the advancement of Science and technological
Compare and capability of the country. It also presents the historical
Contrast
development of Science in the Philippines.

Introduction

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 INTRODUCTION x

Objectives
The second part (LO2-LO3) is discussion
of Science and human conditions that
Game introduces different philosophies, ideas,
policies, and personalities in the field of
Compare and Science and Technology.
Contrast

Introduction

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 INTRODUCTION x

Objectives The third part (LO4) deals with various

issues in the society related to Science
Game
and Technology. Some of these issues
are climate change, impact of the
information age, nanotechnology, and
Compare and
Contrast genetically modified organisms.

Introduction

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 CHAPTER 1 x xx

Chapter 1 SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

Science is as old as the world itself.
There is no individual that can exactly
identify when and where Science began.
General Concepts

From the genesis of time, Science has

Historical
existed. It is always interwoven with the
Events
society. So, how can Science be define?

Science Technology
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 General Concepts x xx

Chapter 1
1. Science as an idea. It includes
ideas, theories, and all available
General
Concepts systematic explanations and
observations about the natural and
Historical
Events
physical world.

Science Technology
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 General Concepts x xx

Chapter 1
2. Science as an intellectual activity.
It encompasses a systematic and
General practical study of the natural and
Concepts
physical world. This process of study
involves systematic observation and
Historical
Events experimentation.

Science Technology
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 General Concepts x xx

Chapter 1
3. Science as a body of knowledge.
It is a subject or discipline, a field of
study, or a body of knowledge that
General
Concepts deals with the process of learning
about the natural and physical world.
Historical This is what we refer to as school
Events
science.
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 General Concepts x xx

Chapter 1 4. Science as a personal and social

activity. This explains that science is both
knowledge and activities done by human
General
Concepts beings to develop better understanding of
the world around them. It is a means to
Historical
improve life and to survive in life. It is
Events
interwoven with people’s lives.

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Chapter 1

General
Concepts

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Events

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Chapter 1

SOME INTELLECTUALS
General
Concepts AND THEIR
Historical
REVOLUTIONARY IDEAS
Events

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Chapter 1

General
Concepts

Historical
Events
CHARLES DARWIN

Science Technology NICOLAUS COPERNICUS SIGMUND FREUD

and Society

SOME INTELLECTUALS 7:00 PM

Chapter 1 One of the Renaissance men,
particularly in the field of
Science. Knowledge about the
General
Concepts nature of the universe had
been essentially unchanged
since great days of Ancient
Historical
Events Greece, some 1,500 years
before Copernicus came on
Science Technology
the scene (Gribbin, 2003)
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Chapter 1

General
Concepts

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Chapter 1
He did not do anything
extensive such as observing
General
Concepts
heavenly bodies or inviting
people to test his ideas. His
ideas were an example of
Historical
Events what is presently called as a
THOUGHT EXPERIMENT.
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 x xx

Chapter 1 By the time he finished his

doctorate degree, Copernicus
had been appointed as canon
General
Concepts at Frombork cathedral in
Poland. Despite his duty as a
canon, he had plenty of time to
Historical
Events sustain his interest in
astronomy.
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Chapter 1 Copernicus was strongly

influenced by a book entitled
“Epitome” published in 1496
General
Concepts by a German author, Johannes
Mueller. This book contains
Mueller’s observations of the
Historical
Events heavens and some commentary
on earlier works especially that
Science Technology
of Ptolemy.
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Copernicus was a busy man. His
Chapter 1
duty as a canon and as a doctor
affected his time to formally publish
his work and advance his career in
General
Concepts
astronomy. The publication of his
book “De revolutionibus orbium
coelestium” (on the Revolutions of
Historical the Heavenly Spheres) in 1543 is
Events often cited as the start of the
scientific revolution.
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Chapter 1 In his book, he wanted a model of

the universe in which everything
moved around a single center at
General unvarying rates (Gribbin, 2003).
Concepts
Copernicus placed the Sun to be the
centerpiece of the universe.
The Earth and all other planets are
Historical
Events surrounding or orbiting the Sun
each year. The Moon however
would still be seen orbiting the
Science Technology
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Chapter 1

One of the great problem in the

Copernicus model, however, was
General
Concepts
the position of the stars cannot be
placed in a fixed position like
crystals in a distance sphere.
Historical
Events

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Chapter 1 Quiz: (5 points each item)

1. What is the contribution of
Copernicus in the
General
Concepts philosophy of science?
2. Do you think thought
experiment is still useful in
Historical
Events Science in the present time?
3. Do you think the Church
should intervene in scientific
Science Technology
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activities?
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS 7:00 PM
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Chapter 1

Charles Darwin is famous for his

theory of evolution. He changed
General our concept of the world’s creation
Concepts
and its evolution. Johnson (2012)
described Charles Darwin as genius
who came from a line of
Historical
Events intellectually gifted and wealthy
family.
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Chapter 1

General
Concepts

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Chapter 1

Darwin’s life soon changed when

one of his professors recommended
General him to join a five-year voyage
Concepts
through the HMS Beagle on the
islands of Galapagos.
Historical
Events

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Chapter 1
Darwin published his book The
Origin of Species in 1589. This book
General
is considered to be one of the most
Concepts important works in scientific
literature. Darwin collected many
significant materials in order to
Historical present his theory with
Events
overwhelming evidence.

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Chapter 1
His book presented evidence on
how species evolved over time and
General
presented traits and adaption that
Concepts differentiate species. Like many
other scholars, Darwin accumulated
many pertinent materials and data
Historical that he could ever possibly need to
Events
substantiate his theory.

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Chapter 1
His book presented evidence on
how species evolved over time and
General
presented traits and adaption that
Concepts differentiate species. Like many
other scholars, Darwin accumulated
many pertinent materials and data
Historical that he could ever possibly need to
Events
substantiate his theory.

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 x xx

Chapter 1 Darwin’s observational skill as a

scientist were extraordinary that
moved beyond the realms of plants
General and animals into the realms of
Concepts
humans. His book The Descent of
Man was so impressive yet very
Historical
controversial. He introduced the
Events idea of all organic life, including
human beings, under the realm of
revolutionary thinking.
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Chapter 1
This replaced the dominant
views of a religious or biblical
design that places human
General
Concepts beings in privileged position of
having been created by God.
Darwin’s theory of evolution
Historical
Events scientifically questioned this
view.
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Chapter 1

Darwin’s accomplishments
were so diverse that it is useful
General
Concepts to distinguish two fields to
which he made major
contributions evolutionary
Historical
Events biology and philosophy of
Science.
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Chapter 1
More than these words,
what made Darwin truly
General
Concepts
was his courage to
challenge religious and
unscientific ideas that are
Historical
Events deemed to be prominent
during those days.
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Chapter 1
His unorthodox way of
pursuing Science gave more
value to evidence-based
General
Concepts Science. Darwin provided a
different framework for
Historical
doing Scientific activities. It
Events is Science marked by
observation and experiment.
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Chapter 1 Quiz (5 points each)

1. What is Darwin’s contribution
to Modern Science?
General
2. How can Darwin’s evolutionary
Concepts theory influence the following
fields in modern times:
a. Economy
Historical
Events
b. Agriculture
c. Political Science
d. Religion
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Chapter 1 Sigmund Freud is a famous

figure in the field of psychology.
Rosenfels (1980) also described
General
Concepts
him as a towering literary figure
and a very talented
communicator who did his share
Historical
Events
to raise the consciousness of the
civilized world of psychological
matters.
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Chapter 1 However, apart from these, Freud

also made a significant
contribution in the Scientific
General
Concepts
world through the development
of an important observational
method to gather reliable data to
Historical
Events
study human’s inner life. This
method is popularly known as
the method of PSYCHOANALYSIS.
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Chapter 1 For Freud, this method of

psychoanalysis is a scientific way
to study the human mind and
General
Concepts
neurotic illness. It is no doubt
that amidst all questions of
psychoanalysis had great impact
Historical
Events
on the scientific way of
understanding human nature.
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Chapter 1 Freud is not a traditional thinker.

According to Weiner (2016), his
method of psychoanalysis was
General
Concepts
proven to be effective in
understanding some neurological
conditions that were not
Historical
Events
understood by medicine at that
time.
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Chapter 1 His method was unorthodox –

focusing on human sexuality and
the evil nature of man. This
General
Concepts
posed immense challenges to
scholars and ordinary citizens of
his time.
Historical
Events

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Chapter 1 To some, they found his idea not

easy especially in his explanations
of human sexuality.
General
Concepts

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Events

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Chapter 1

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Cradles of
Chapter 1

General

Early
Concepts

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Events

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General
Development
of Science in
Concepts

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Mesoamerica
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Chapter 1 Furthermore, they used various tools and adapt

themselves to innovations especially
in the field of arts. The Mayans built looms
General
Concepts for weaving cloth and devised a rainbow of
Glittery paints made from mineral called mica.
They are also believed to be one of the
Historical
Events First people to produce rubber products
3,000 years before Goodyear received
Science Technology
Its patent in 1844.
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