H E A LT H _ 2 N D

MAPEH 9:
Q U A RT E R

Prevention of Quiz

Substance Use
and Abuse
OBJECTIVES:
• Discuss the harmful short-term and long-term
effects of substance use and abuse on the
individual, family, school, and community;
• Explain the health, socio -cultural,
psychological, legal, and economic dimensions
of substance use and abuse;
• Discuss strategies in the prevention and
control of substance use and abuse;
• Apply decision-making and resistance skills to
prevent substance use and abuse (in real-life-
given scenarios);
1. VERY POT Which of
2. AIM FLY these factors
do you think is
3. CO HOLS
the most
4. APRON SEL common
5. TUMMY COIN among young
Filipino people
6. PERES
like you?
 WATCH THIS DRUG
ADDICTION ADVOCACY !!!
 Drug Scenario in the Philippines

In the Philippines, drug use and abuse are

a social and health concern. Poverty has
become an increasing cause for
involvement in the illegal drug trade.
Foreign drug syndicates take advantage
and exploit the poor and use promises of
“easy money” to entice the people to
serve as couriers and runners.
• According to the International Narcotics Control
Board (INCB), an international drug monitoring agency.
• Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) (the government
agency mandated to formulate policies on illegal drugs
in the Philippines).
• According to the 2012 statistics available in the
Dangerous Drugs Board Website, the most common
type of substance of abuse among Filipinos are:
Metamphetamine Hydrocholride (Shabu), Cannabis
(Marijuana), Inhalants (Contact Cement adhesive).
 RISK FACTOR DOMAIN PROTECTIVE
FACTOR
• Early aggressive behavior Personal Self Control

• chaotic home environments, Family strong and positive family

(parents abuse substances or bond
suffer from mental illnesses) involvement of parents in the
• ineffective parenting lives of their children
• lack of parent-child
attachments and nurturing

• perceptions of approval of Community  adoption of conventional

drug-using behaviors in norms about drug use
family, work, school, peer,
and community environments
 RISK FACTOR DOMAIN PROTECTIVE
FACTOR
• inappropriately shy or School success in school
aggressive behavior in the performance
classroom  strong bonds with
• failure in school institutions, such as school
performance and religious organizations
• poor social coping skills

• affiliations with peers Peers Association with peers and

displaying deviant behaviors friends who do not use
gateway drugs
Reliance on friends for
emotional support
 WHAT IS DRUG?
·A drug is a chemical substance that
brings about physical, emotional or
behavioral change in a person taking it.

·Is any substance other than food or water

that is intended to be taken or
administered for the purpose of altering,
sustaining or controlling the recipients
physical, mental or emotional state.
 Two types of Drugs:
Over-the-counter
(OIC)
Over-the-counter (OIC) drugs are drugs
which do not need prescription in
buying.
 Two types of Drugs:
Prescription
drugs
Prescription drugs are restricted
drugs that can only be purchased
legally
when prescribed by physicians.

Most of these Substances are

psychoactive drugs affecting the
central nervous system. They change
moods, feelings, personality, and
behavior
SUBSTANCE OF
ABUSE
 Six types of abused

Drugs:
Gateway Drugs
 Depressants Drugs
 Stimulants Drugs
 Narcotics
 Hallucinogens
 Inhalants
GATEWAY
- A drug that leads to use of more dangerous and
addictive substances.

A user of this drug can lead to more dangerous drug

such as marijuana, alcohol, and prescription
medications are the most common substances labeled
as gateway drugs.
(Nicotine from smoking, alcohol, marijuana, and
prescription pills)
DEPRESSANTS
(alcohol, barbiturates, tranquilizers)
·also called as “downers” or “barbs”

·any drug or chemical that decreases the activity of

any bodily function. The term is most often used to
refer to drugs that reduce the activity of the central
nervous system

·Higher doses of these drugs would cause impaired

memory, judgment, and coordination; paranoia and
Suicidal tendencies; and coma or death.
DEPRESSANTS
a. tranquilizers-cause mild effects and are used for
anxiety

b. barbiturates more potent depressants used for

sleep disorders and seizures

c. hypnotics - the strongest of the depressants

•·Also known as “uppers” Any of a group of drugs that excite the
central nervous system. It increases alertness, alleviate fatigue,
reduce hunger and provide a feeling of well-being.
•Ex. Cocaine, Methamphetamine (SHABU)

• This causes the user to have elevated mood, alertness

and awareness.
• Medical uses of these drugs include treatment of mild
depression, overweight, and chronic sleep disorder called
narcolepsy an overwhelming daytime drowsiness and
sudden attack of sleep. When the stimulant wears off, the
user will feel fatigue, weakness, sleepiness, deep
 •also known as "pain killers," are drugs
which slow down the central nervous
NARCOTICS system and often prescribed by
physicians as analgesics or drugs that
relieve pain.

NARCOTICS •These drugs slow down body

functions like breathing and
heart rate.

•Use of narcotic drugs should

only be done with the
supervision of a physician.
 NARCOTICS
Types of narcotics:

A.Opium - made from seedpod of the poppy plants which

produces euphoric erects or unconsciousness lasting for
hours.

B.Morphine – a widely-used painkiller derived from opium.

·Often used after surgery or for cancer cases.

·A small dose relieves pain while large dose induces
sleep.
 NARCOTICS
Types of narcotics:
C. Heroin – heroin was initially developed from morphine
as treatment for tuberculosis and cure for morphine
addiction.

·It is highly addictive with an awful withdrawal effect like sweating,

chills, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and cramps in the legs. Severe
mental and emotional anguish is also experienced.
·To stop these symptoms, users need to take another dose of the
drug. Regular use increases tolerance which in turn furthers the dose
intake, which would lead to physical dependence and greater
HALLUCINOGE
NS
·Also called “psychedelics”
·First developed as appetite suppressant
·Any natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs that produce marked
distortion of the senses and changes in perception
·Ex: Ecstasy, Ketamine
·drugs which interfere with our senses and cause hallucinations.
·They bring imagined sights, sounds, or feelings and may result to
memory loss, personality changes, non-performance of normal
activities, or losing track of time and surrounding. These effects
may last from several hours to days.
 INHALANTS

·Non-medical inhalants are uncontrolled drugs.

·Most abused inhalants are easily accessible because they are
not produced to be inhaled. They are common household
products, construction and industrial supplies, beauty
products, and medical supplies found at home and at the
workplace.
·They deliver a very quick high, by sniffing, huffing or bagging
from balloons, aerosol cans and other containers, but usually
last only for a few minutes.
INHALANTS
·Harmful effects to health of these
chemicals are permanent brain damage,
leukemia, poisoning, mental dysfunction,
damaged heart and kidney, or even sudden
death.

·Some types of inhalants include rugby, nail

polish remover, gasoline, nitrous oxide or
laughing gas, and furniture polish.
1. Andrew was invited by his friends to take substances as an initiation for him to
belong in their group.

2. Kate is doing an artworks or read books every time she feels bored.

3. Kevin believed that drinking alcoholic beverages and smoking is good as he

learns and saw it from his uncle and cousins.

4. Brent ended his friendship with Mark because Mark cannot go with him every
time he wants to escape the class and go with his gang.

5. Gemma is seeking the professional before taking the drugs for medication.
 WHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT
INFLUENCE SUBSTANCE USE AND
ABUSE?

It is greatly important to protect and prevent the youth

from getting into drugs. The following table shows the
risk Factors to avoid and protective factors to understand
in order to help young people avoid drugs.
 RISK FACTORS OF YOUNG
PEOPLE VULNERABLE TO DRUG
ABUSE
• LACK OF SELF RESPECT - belief that they are unworthy of
love and respect. They have no confidence and succumb to
negative peer pressure.

• UNABLE TO EXPRESS EMOTIONS in healthful ways

cannot cope with stress, anger, and depression. They believe drugs
make feelings numb.

• PEERS USING DRUGS users tend to continuously pressure

others to also use these substances.
• ACCESSIBILITY TO DRUGS TEMPTATION is greater
when there is availability of drugs, like drugs being sold in the
neighborhood, in school, or by friends.

• UNABLE TO DELAY GRATIFICATION - use gives a

mood of instant gratification or instant pleasure without regard to
its harmful effects.

• PEER REJECTION – feeling of rejection by peers may cause

teenagers turn to drug use to fit in or to overwhelm feeling of
loneliness.
• DRUG DEPENDENT BIOLOGICAL FAMILY
MEMBER – some individuals inherit genes that increase
 PROTECTIVE FACTORS AGAINST
DRUG ABUSE

• Self-respect confidence leads to responsible

decisions and helps neglect negative peer pressure.
• Practice resistance skills being able say "no" and
not give in to pressure of drug Use.
• Friends not involve in a drug misuse and
abuse-drug-free friends do not pressure and will
not lead friends to temptation of trying drugs.
• Able to delay gratification – people with self-
control recognize now drugs will ruin long term goals
and cause negative consequences.

• Set goals and planning - having goals will likely

evaluate consequences of one's actions. They can
recognize drug use as a hindrance to goals and affect
one's future

• Healthful family relationships- having close

family ties and supportive parents and mentors
motivate the young to behave responsibly.
• Positive role models a role mode who shows how
to be successful without the necessity of using drugs.

• Stress management skills – managing stress

through healthful ways. People with these skills will
recognize that drug use aggravates stress.
 MYTHS AND
MISCONCEPTION
S
MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS
1. Drug addiction is a voluntary behavior.
Starting Out drug Use is a voluntary decision but frequently use
leads to a compulsive drug user.
2. Drug addiction is a character imperfection.
Drug addiction affects the brain every type of abused drug has a
way of changing the functions or the brain.
3. You have to want drug treatment for it to be effective
Essentially, no one wants a drug treatment. People seeking drug
treatment have two primary reasons: a court order and an urge from
loved ones.
MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS
4. Drug addiction treatment has to be a one-time deal.
Drug addiction typically is a chronic disorder like many other
illnesses. Others are able to quickly end drug use by just being at a
rehabilitation facility once.
5. We should discover "something" that can treat all kinds of drug
abuse.
Various problems associated with drug abuse may respond
differently to similar treatments.
6. Abusers can end drug use if they really want to and no
treatment is needed.
Studies show that long-term drug use affects the brain making a
user crave more for drugs and thus makes quitting harder.
EFFECT OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE
PHYSICAL HEALTH PROBLEMS
FAMILY PAIN FAMILY

SEPARATION OF FAMILY
MEMBERS
 FINANCIAL TROUBLES

OF DU
TI ES A
ND R E
SPON
SIBILI
TIES

EFFECT OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE

FAMILY
EFFECT OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE SCHOOL
·Reduced academic performance and achievement. People abusing
drugs tend to care less and less about schooling and loses focus easily.
Drug use also causes tardiness and absenteeism that may lead to
dropping out of school. Students who are friends of the drug user are
also affected as well as the teacher who worries about his/her
students.

·Increased violence in school. Drug use affects the mental health and
may increase risk for violence and even homicidal behavior.

·Disrespectful to school policies and authorities. Drug users often

FFECT OF DRUG ABUSE ON THE COMMUNITY
·High prevalence of crimes. To financially avail drugs, users may resort to
stealing, robbery or snatching. Under the influence of drugs, users
sometimes perform criminal acts like assault, murder, and rape.

·Increased number of accidents. Slow reaction and affected judgment

under the influence of drugs leads to unwanted and disastrous incidents.
This is evident in car accidents and accidental falls.

·Government funds loss to drug-related operations. Big amount of finance

is used by government agencies to counter illegal drugs and treat and
rehabilitate users.
ALTERNATIVES TO DRUG USE
1.Sports.
·Playing physical games is a great activity that will help a person feel
energetic, positive, and self-confident Participation in sports requires time
and devotion.
2.Volunteering.
·Volunteering and helping other people and the community will give a
person a satisfying and good feeling of himself/herself.
3.Clubs or Organization.
·Participating in a club or organization is a great way for a person to meet
other like-minded people. This will help person feel a sense or
belongingness and connection to others.
Thank you !!!