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CIT 06204 Linux - 6 - Network Configuration

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15 views10 pages

CIT 06204 Linux - 6 - Network Configuration

Uploaded by

musomicatherine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DIPLOMA IN CIT

CIT06204 Linux_UNIX

1
Chapter Contents
6.1 Network Interface
6.2 Host Information
6.3 Stop and Start Networking
6.4 Routing
6.5 TCP dump
6.6 Ethereal
6.7 Traceroute & Tracepath

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6.1 Network Interface
• NIC must be supported by the kernel.
• NIC information can be obtained using the
command dmesg.
• This command can reveal the following
detail:
Chipset type
I/O Address
IRQ #

3
6.2 Host Information
• The files below store network information:
• /etc/resolv.conf has a list of DNS servers
Nameserver 192.167.1.107
Nameserver 192.167.1.1

• /etc/hosts contains your PC IP address &


known hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain
192.167.1.107 mesa mesa.domain.org
192.167.1.119 pico

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Host Information
• /etc/sysconfig/network defines if networking must be started
• Also contains the HOSTNAME variable
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=mesa.domain.org
GATEWAY=192.167.1.1
GATEWAYDEV=

• /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 has configuration


parameters for eth0
DEV=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
BROADCAST=192.167.1.255
IPADDR=192.167.1.107
NETWORK=192.167.1.0
ONBOOT=yes
USERCTL=no
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6.3 Stop and Start
Networking
• The main tool used to bring up the network interface is
/sbin/ifconfig
• Another tool is /sbin/ifup
• Example: Using ifconfig
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 192.167.10.1 netmask 255.255.127.0
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 down
• /sbin/ifconfig eth0 up
• Example: Using ifup
/sbin/ifup eth0
/sbin/ifup ppp0
/sbin/ifdown eth0

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6.4 Routing
• The routing tables are configured, checked and changed
using /sbin/route tool.
• Routing examples:
• Add a startic route to the network 10.0.0.0 through the
device eth1 and use 192.167.1.107 as the gateway for
that network.
/sbin/route add –net 10.0.0.0 gw 192.167.1.107 dev eth1
• Add a default gateway
/sbin/route add default gw 192.167.1.1 eth0

• Listing the kernel routing table


/sbin/route -n

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6.5 TCP dump
• tcpdump is a network sniffing (capturing) tool
• Only root user can execute tcpdump
• Listens on a network interface for all activities on
the same subnet.
$tcpdump: prints everything it listens on a network
$tcpdump -q: prints less protocol information
$tcpdump host/ip_address
Prints packets destined for host/ip_address

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6.6 Ethereal
• Ethereal is a network protocol
analyzer
• Ethereal is a GUI based application
$/usr/bin/ethereal &
Starts the ethereal
& puts the job in background
Will ask to enter root password

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6.7 Traceroute & Tracepath
• Traceroute traces a path of a packet
to the destination
• Similar to tracert in Windows
• Tracepath is similar to traceroute
but gives slightly different result.
$traceroute hostname/ipp_address
$tracepath hostname/ipp_address

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