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Enroute Procedures

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15 views

Enroute Procedures

Uploaded by

6tcq7kvgqw
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Enroute Procedures

By: Daniel Degracia


Objective
• The student will learn about Enroute Procedures

References
• FAR/AIM
• IFH
Radar Services
• Service based on the use of radar provided by a controller to the pilot of an
aircraft in radar contact
• Depending on departure airport, you may be in radar contact on takeoff or while
en route
• Approach control: handles traffic in terminal areas
• ARTCC “Center”: controls en route traffic between airports and along airways
• Initial radar contact will be advised by the phrase “radar contact”; this means
ATC sees you and can now provide radar services
• Controller will follow you until:
• Radar contact lost
• Radar service terminated
• Resume Own Navigation: controller may say this, then you are responsible
for your own navigation, but you are still in radar contact and they will continue
to flight follow you
En Route Clearances
• Read back all numbers and instructions:
• Altitudes
• Altitude restrictions
• Radar vector headings
• You are responsible to accept or refuse any clearance
• Any altitude changes should be made without delay
Position Reports
• A report over a known location as transmitted by aircraft to ATC
• ATC needs to know where aircraft are in the IFR environment
• Achieved by radar, limited reports from aircraft, or full position reports (non-radar)
• Compulsory reporting points (solid-colored triangles)
• Non-compulsory (on-request from ATC; open triangles)
• In radar environment once in “radar contact” you may discontinue position reports
• Position Reports – IPTATEN
• ID – tail #
• Position
• Time
• Altitude
• Type of Flight Plan
• ETA and name of next reporting point
• Name of next next reporting point
• Under IFR there are certain compulsory items the PIC must report to ATC
• PIC must report –
• In or out of radar contact - MARVELOUS
• Missed approach
• Altitude changes
• Reaching a clearance limit or hold
• VFR on top altitude changes
• Estimated TAS change +/- 10 knots or 5%, whichever is greater
• Leaving a clearance limit or fix
• Outtages of Nav or Comm
• Unable to climb or descend at a min. of 500fpm
• Safety of flight (unforecast weather)
• Out of radar contact – LEP + MARVELOUS
• Leaving FAF or outer marker
• Estimated time of arrival change of 3 min. or more
• Position reports (compulsory reporting points shown as a solid symbol on charts)
VFR-On-Top
• Must be requested by the pilot
• Allows pilot to fly VFR altitudes based on magnetic course
• Must also comply with all IFR rules:
• Stay at or above minimum IFR altitude
• Still do position reports (as required)
• Comply to clearance from ATC
• Still on IFR flight plan but ATC is not responsible for
separating you from other IFR traffic
• IFR and VFR rules apply
• Not authorized in Class A airspace
Diversion
• As we proceed to our destination, we must be aware of
possible alternate airports if we have to make a
diversion
• Carefully consider time and fuel when deciding to hold
to fly to alternate:
• Time to alternate
• Shooting the alternate approach
• 30-minute fuel reserve
• Identify airports along your route ahead of time
Minimum Fuel
• An advisory to ATC when fuel state is such that a pilot
cannot accept any undue delay
• NOT declaring an emergency; only advising ATC that
an emergency is possible if there any undue delays
Canceling IFR Flight Plans
• After arriving at our destination, we must ensure that we close
out our IFR flight plan so that ATC knows we have arrived safely
• Controlled Airports: when landing at a controlled airport
flight plan is automatically closed
• Uncontrolled Airport: pilot must call FSS by radio or phone
within 30 minutes of ETA
• FSS will try to contact pilot if not closed within 30 mins; if no contact,
will initiate overdue aircraft procedures
• Can cancel any time when operating in VFR conditions
• Once cancelled, you are back under VFR rules and requirements
• Wx must be legally VFR to close flight plan in controlled airspace
Conclusion
• Knowing what is required during different phases is
important
• Enroute may not seem as important as departure or
approach but it is just as important

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