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Trigonometry and Its Application

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Joshua Diokno
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14 views

Trigonometry and Its Application

Uploaded by

Joshua Diokno
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TRIGONOMETRY AND

ITS’ APPLICATION
By: Engr. Ulysses B. Espartinez
(POGI)
TRIGONOMETRY
Trigonon – triangle, Metria – measurements
Father of Trigonometry - Hipparchus
ANGLE, 𝜽
is the space between two lines meeting at a
point called the vertex.
Units:
1 rev = 360 degrees
=2
= 400 grads = 400 gons
= 6400 mils
TRIGONOMETRY
EXAMPLE:
How many degrees is
a. 90 deg
b. 57.3 deg
c. 180 deg
d. 135 deg

ANSWER: D
TRIGONOMETRY
EXAMPLE:
What is the measure of 2.25 revolutions in degrees
counter clockwise?
a. - 835 deg
b. - 810 deg
c. 805 deg
d. 810 deg
ANSWER: D
TRIGONOMETRY
NAME ANGLE EQUIVALENT
Zero (null) Angle
Acute Angle
Right Angle
Obtuse Angle
Straight Angle
Reflex Angle
Full Angle (Perigon)
TRIGONOMETRY
OTHER CONCEPTS:
Oblique Angles – non-right and non straight
Vertical Angles – opposite angles formed between
two intersecting lines (vertical angles are equal)
Complimentary Angles- sum of two angles is 90
Supplementary Angles- sum of two angles is 180
Explementary Angles- sum of two angles is 360
TRIGONOMETRY
WAYS TO SUBDIVIDE DEGREES:
Decimal degrees – using decimals to represent
portion of an angle (e.g. = 30.66)

Degree- Minute- Second (DMS) – one degree is


divided equally in 60 minutes and each minute is
divided equally in 60 seconds (e.g. = 3039’36”)
TRIGONOMETRY
EXAMPLE:
If the supplement of an angle is 5/2 of its compliment,
find the value of ?
a. 30 deg
b. 50 deg
c. 25 deg
d. 15 deg
ANSWER: A
CLASSIFICATION OF TRIANGLES
1. BASED ON INTERIOR ANGLES
Right Triangle (one right angle)
Oblique Triangle (w/o right angle)
• Acute Triangle (all angles are acute)
• Obtuse (one obtuse angle)
• Equiangular (all angles are equal, 60)
CLASSIFICATION OF TRIANGLES
2. Based on sides
Scalene Triangle (no sides are equal)
Isosceles Triangle (2 sides are equal)
Equilateral Triangle (all sides are equal)
SCHWARZ’S INEQUALITY
The sum of any two sides of any triangle is
greater than the third side.
a
b

c
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

c 𝑠𝑐 𝜃 co 𝑡 𝜃

s 𝑒𝑐 𝜃
tan 𝜃
s∈ 𝜃
𝜃
cos 𝜃

𝑼𝑵𝑰𝑻 𝑪𝑰𝑹𝑪𝑳𝑬
TRIGONOMETRY
TRIGONOMETRIC
IDENTITIES
• Opposite vertex gives the reciprocal
identity
• In between vertex is the product of
adjacent vertices
• Pythagorean Identities; clockwise
loop of the shaded area
• Cofunction Identities; across the
hexagon either L R or R L
TRIGONOMETRY
EXAMPLE:

ANSWER: B
TRIGONOMETRY
TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES

•
EXAMPLE:

𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑥?


If

a. 0.350
b. 0.250
c. 0.100
d. 0.150
ANSWER: B
TRIGONOMETRY EQUATIONS

•
APPLICATION
RIGHT TRIANGLES
Pythagorean Theorem
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒄 = 𝒂 +𝒃 Hypotenuse (H)

Opposite (O)

Trigonometric Functions Angle () 90

SOH CAH TOA Adjacent ()

CHO SHA CAO


APPLICATION
EXAMPLE:
Find the angle in mils subtended by a line 10 yards long
at a distance of 5000 yards?
a. 2.5 mils
b. 2 mils
c. 4 mils
d. 1 mil
ANSWER: B
APPLICATION
EXAMPLE:
The vertical angle to the top of a flagpole from point A on
the ground is observed to be 3711’. The observer walks 17
m directly away from point A and the flagpole to point B and
the new angle to be 25 43’. What is the approximate height
of the flagpole?
a. 22 m
b. 10 m
c. 82 m
ANSWER: A
d. 300 m
APPLICATION
EXAMPLE:
A transit set up 40 m from the base of a vertical chimney
reads 32 30’ with the cross hairs set on the top of the
chimney. With the telescope level the vertical rod at the
base of the chimney is 2.1 m. Approximately, how tall is the
chimney?
a. 15 m
b. 26 m
c. 28 m
ANSWER: C
d. 38 m
TRIGONOMETRY
OBLIQUE TRIANGLES C

Sine Law b a
𝒂 𝒃 𝒄
= =
in 𝑨 sin 𝑩 sin 𝑪A B
c
Cosine Law
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒂 = 𝒃 +𝒄 − 𝟐 𝒃𝒄 cos 𝑨
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒃 = 𝒂 +𝒄 − 𝟐 𝒂𝒄 cos 𝑩
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒄 = 𝒂 +𝒃 − 𝟐 𝒂𝒃 cos 𝑪
TRIGONOMETRY
EXAMPLE:
An airplane having a period of 120 miles an hour in calm air is
pointed in a direction 30 degrees east of north. A wind having
a velocity of 15 miles an hour is blowing from the Northwest.
Find the speed of the airplane relative to the ground?
a. 223 mph
b. 175 mph
c. 117 mph
d. 124 mph ANSWER: C
TRIGONOMETRY
EXAMPLE:
A pole cast a shadow 15 m long when the angle of the
elevation of the sun is 61 deg. If the pole is leaned 15 deg
from the vertical directly towards the sun, determine the
length of the pole.
a. 23.45 m
b. 15.67 m
c. 54.23 m
d. 34.56 m ANSWER: C

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