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The Basic Unit of Life

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Liezl Jeane Tejamo
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12 views

The Basic Unit of Life

Uploaded by

Liezl Jeane Tejamo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Basic Unit of

Life
Cells are the fundamental building blocks of all living organisms,
from single-celled microbes to complex multicellular life forms.
They are the basic units of structure, function, and organization in
the biological world.
by LIEZL JEANE TEJAMO
What is a Cell?
1 Microscopic Size 2 Diverse Structures
Cells are incredibly small, Cells come in a wide
typically only visible variety of shapes and
under a microscope. sizes, depending on their
specialized functions.

3 Fundamental Unit
Cells are the most basic unit of life, capable of independent
existence and reproduction.
Cell Theory
All Living Things are Made Cells are the Smallest Unit Cells Come from Preexisting
of Cells of Life Cells

Cells are the fundamental building Cells are the smallest structures Cells can only be produced by the
blocks of all living organisms, from capable of carrying out all the division and reproduction of other
the smallest bacteria to the largest processes necessary for life. cells.
whales.
Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic
Cells
1 Eukaryotic Cells
Complex cells with a distinct nucleus and organelles,
found in plants, animals, and fungi.

2 Prokaryotic Cells
Simpler cells without a defined nucleus, found in
bacteria and archaea.

3 Key Differences
Size, complexity of internal structures, and genetic
material organization.
Cell Structure and Organelles
Nucleus Mitochondria
The control center of the cell, containing the genetic material. The "powerhouses" of the cell, responsible for energy
production.

Cytoplasm Cell Membrane


The jelly-like substance that fills the cell and supports its The boundary that separates the cell from its external
structures. environment.
Cell Membrane and
Transport

Diffusion Osmosis
Passive movement of molecules Passive movement of water
from high to low concentration. across the cell membrane.

Active Transport Facilitated Diffusion


Energy-requiring movement of Passive movement of molecules
molecules against their through specialized transport
concentration gradient. proteins.
Cell Metabolism and
Energy Production
Glycolysis
Initial step of cellular respiration, breaking down glucose
for energy.

Citric Acid Cycle


Series of chemical reactions in the mitochondria to
further produce energy.

Electron Transport Chain


Final step of cellular respiration, generating large
amounts of ATP.
Cell Division and
Reproduction
Mitosis Cell division process that
produces two genetically
identical daughter cells.

Meiosis Cell division that produces


genetically unique gametes
(sperm and eggs).

Cytokinesis The physical division of the


cytoplasm to form the two
daughter cells.
The Importance of Cells in
Living Organisms
1 Building Blocks of 2 Specialized
Life Functions
Cells are the fundamental Different types of cells
units that make up all perform specialized roles
living organisms, from to support the overall
simple to complex. function of an organism.

3 Cellular Processes
Cells carry out essential processes like metabolism, growth,
reproduction, and response to the environment.

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