Communicatio

n Models
AURELIO F. GARCIA II,LPT
“Communicate unto the other
person that which you would
want him to communicate unto
you if your positions were
reversed.”

- A ARON GOLDMAN
 Communication Models
1. Linear Model
2. Transactional Model
3. Interactive Model
Linear Model of
Communication
1. Linear Model is a one-way communication
model. The message flows in a straight line
from the sender to the receiver. There is no
concept of feedback. The only task that a
receiver does here is to receive the
message.
 Linear Model of
Communication
1. Lasswell’s model was developed by
communication theorist Harold D. Lasswell (1902-
1978) in 1948. It was developed to analyze mass
communication, this model is used for interpersonal
communication or group communication to
disseminate message to various groups in various
situations.
Linear Model of
Communication
Lasswell’s Model
Linear Model of
Communication
Aristotle’s Model is mainly focused on speaker and
speech. Aristotle’s communication model is a speaker
centered model. It is the speaker’s role to deliver a
speech to the audience. The role of the audience is
passive, influenced by the speech. This model was
highly used to develop public speaking skills and create
propaganda at that time so, it is less focused on
intrapersonal or interpersonal communication.
Linear Model of
Communication
Aristotle’s Model
Linear Model of Communication
Shannon-Weaver model was created in 1948 when
Claude Elwood Shannon wrote an article “A
Mathematical Theory of Communication” in Bell System
Technical Journal with Warren Weaver. It is known as
the mother of all communication models, the Shannon
Weaver model (1949) depicts communication as a
linear or one-way process consisting of five elements: a
source (producer of message); a transmitter (encoder
of message into signals); a channel (signals adapted
for transmission); a receiver (decoder of message from
Linear Model of
Communication
Shannon-Weaver Model
Linear Model of Communication
Berlo’s S-M-C-R Model. In 1960, David Berlo postulated
Berlo’s Sender Message-Channel-Receiver (SMCR)
model of communication from Shannon Weaver’s
Model of Communication (1949). He described factors
affecting the individual components in the
communication making the communication more
efficient.
 Linear Model of
Communication
Berlo’s Model
 Transactional Model of
Communication
2. Transactional Model gives the sender and receiver
an equally important role in communication.
Transactional model relates communication with
social reality, cultural up-bringing, and relational
context (relationships). Non-verbal feedback like
gestures, body language, is also considered as
feedback in this model.
Transactional Model of
Communication
Barnlund’s Transactional Model is a multi-layered
feedback system proposed by Dean Barnlund in 1970
which articulates that sending and receiving of
messages happens simultaneously between people.
This is a continuous process where sender and receiver
interchange their places and both are equally
important. The message passing takes place with
constant feedback being provided from both parties. A
feedback for one is the message for the other.
Transactional Model of
Communication
Banrlund’s Model
Transactional Model of
Communication
Helical Model of Communication inspired by a helix
in 1967 was proposed by Frank Dance. A helix is a
three-dimensional spring-like curve in the shape of a
cylinder or a cone. Helical model introduces the
concept of time where continuousness of the
communication process and relational interactions are
very important. Communication is taken as a dynamic
process in helical model of communication and it
progresses with age as our experience and vocabulary
increase.
Transactional Model of
Communication
Helical Model
Transactional Model of
Communication
Mosaic Model of Communication was
proposed by Sam Becker in “The Prospect of
Rhetoric” (1968). According to him, the classical
models of communication are not very useful in
contemporary communication. The model
explains the complexity of human
communication. It also describes the
randomness of the origin of messages and
Transactional Model of
Communication
The Mosaic Model of Communication is believed to
reduce the limitations of the linear models. The model
stresses the meaning of messages. Every person lives
and exists in the web of communications which
reciprocally makes the person unique. Messages
construct humans and humans construct messages.
The message depends on the information source,
culture, social situations, and the environment. The
constructed message is just a small step to the
formation of a complicated communication
Transactional Model of
Communication
Mosaic Model
 Interactive Model of
Communication
3. INTERACTIVE MODEL OR CONVERGENCE MODEL is
similar to the transactional model as they are both
two-way communication models. But, the interactive
model is mostly used for new media like the internet.
Here, people can respond to any mass
communications like videos, news, etc. People can
exchange their views and ideas.
Interactive or Convergence
Model of Communication
Schramm’s Interactive Model is the most
commonly taught and widely used theory of
communication proposed by Wilbur Schramm in the
late 1940s. The Schramm model views
communication as a process that takes place between
a sender (transmitter) and a receiver. According to the
Schramm's model, coding and decoding are the two
essential processes of effective communication. He
also emphasizes that the communication is
incomplete unless and until the sender receives
feedback from the recipient
Interactive or Convergence
Model of Communication
Schramm’s Interactive Model
shows how meaning is transferred
from one person or group to another.
Also, he added Field of experience
which is based on individual beliefs,
values, experiences, and learned
meanings both as an individual or a
group.
 Interactive or Convergence
Model of Communication
Schramm’s Interactive Model
THANK YOU!