Unit 2

TOURISM (2)
BRAINSTORM
APPROACHES
- TABLE OF KNOWLEDGE
 A
SPET
approach
 S–P–E–E–E–
Social issuesT Politics Economy Environment Education Technology

We would use the SPET approach to brainstorm ideas for

macroscopic issues, which means tasks asking about the
impacts of the subject on the whole society or the whole
country.
Which of the tasks below can you use the SPET approach to
CHECKBO
NO. TASK
X
brainstorm?
Today, more people are travelling than ever before.
1 Why is this the case? What are the benefits of 
travelling for travellers? 
International travel has many advantages to both
2 travellers and the countries that they visit. Do 
advantages outweigh disadvantages? 
Many people believe that international tourism is a
3 bad thing for their country. What are the reasons? 
Solutions to change negative attitudes? 
Some people say that tourism has many negative
effects on the countries that people travel to. How
4 true is this statement? What can tourists do to reduce 

the harmful effect of tourism on local cultures and
environments?
Some people say that tourism has many negative
5 effects on the countries that people travel to. Do you 
 THE IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON THE HOST
COUNTRIES

SOCIAL POLITIC ECONOM ENVIRONME EDUCATIO TECHNOLO

ISSUES S Y NT N GY

POSITIVE
IMPACT

NEGATIV
E
IMPACT
 THE IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON THE HOST
COUNTRIES
SOCIAL ENVIRONMEN TECHNOLOG
POLITICS ECONOMY EDUCATION
ISSUES T Y
- Culture: to Strengthe - Create more - Encourage - More Promote the
attract more n the employment the protection foreign creation of
tourists diplomatic opportunities for local and tourists more
+ Rebuild relationshi people construction of → higher applications to
and restore ps → improve personal national parks demand for cater for
historic sites between income and nature the labour to tourists’
+ countries → raise the living reserve for know foreign demands
encourage as they standards ecotourism languages (e.g.: app
the lower the → promote AirBnB,
preservation visa - Improve tax revenue foreign Traveloka, ...
and requireme for the government → language to book flights,
revitalizatio nts for more national budget to learning accommodatio
n of overseas allocate for → higher n, tickets for
cultures travellers infrastructure, demand for places, …
POSITIV
to boost transportation to serve tour guides
E
- Social internatio tourists and residents → promote
IMPACT
stability: nal → better living the learning
higher travel standards focusing on
employment local history
rate = lower - a source of earning or historical
crime rate → foreign exchange for the events that
more stable country occurred in
 THE IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON THE HOST
COUNTRIES
POLITIC EDUCATIO
SOCIAL ISSUES ECONOMY ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY
S N
- Health: Increase Conflicts - Increase the - Air pollution: Children in - Health:
the risk of between prices of due to the some areas Increase the
spreading foreign goods, which increase in CO2 may leave risk of
infectious tourists has the side from school to spreading
diseases and the effect of transportation sell infectious
local can pricing goods - Water souvenirs diseases
- Social issues: damage above the pollution: larger for tourists
+ higher crime the economic amounts of or beg for - Social issues:
levels at tourist relationsh reach of local waste water money + higher crime
densely populated ip residents, discharged from → decrease levels at
areas between effectively hotels for the overall tourist densely
+ Residents can countries starving them tourists education populated
experience out of a place - Depletion of level of areas
NEGATI anxiety and that was once natural citizens + Residents
VE depression due to their home. resources (clean can experience
IMPACT noise pollution water, food, anxiety and
+ Local people electricity...) to depression due
may abandon serve a large to noise
their traditional number of pollution
crafts to work for tourists. + Local people
hotels and resorts - Forest and may abandon
for higher income nature their
destruction to traditional
Note!!
Only select ideas related to the question(s) in the task. Do
not try to “show off” your knowledge by including irrelevant ideas,
or else your essay would be off-topic → lose marks on Task
Response.
Just select one to two ideas for each body paragraph and
explain them in detail.
Do not be “greedy” and include too many ideas in your
paragraphs without giving explanation for them, or else you would
lose marks for Task Response as well.
 B
Stakeholder
approach
 Stakeholder
“Stakeholder” means a person or company that is involved
in a particular organisation, project, system, etc., especially
because they have invested money in it. In general, this word
is used to indicate people who are involved in an issue.
We would use the Stakeholder approach to brainstorm ideas for
medium issues, which means tasks asking about the impacts
of the subject on an organisation, system, etc. (not the whole
community/ country/…)
 Stakeholder
E.g.: “Some people think that the government should tax
businesses at tourist attractions higher than other places in the
country.
Do you agree or disagree?”
→ The act of taxing businesses at tourist attractions would
impact certain groups of people at tourist attractions, but not
the whole country.
 THE
BUSINESS THE
CUSTOMERS INVESTORS ENVIRONMENTALIS
OPERATORS AUTHORITY
T
Higher prices higher tax → higher tax → gain higher fewer customers/
maintain the maintain the tax tourists
→ spend same price → same price → more → less polluted,
more money gain less → gain less money to less deforestation
→ discourage money (lower money (lower improve the → preserve the
the travelling profits) → profits) community environment
activity of disagree → may withdraw (healthcare → receive support
The tourists their investment, system, from
impact of → this policy higher tax → have fewer transportation environmentalists
increasin may receive increase the investors to ,
g tax at disagreemen price → develop the infrastructure,
tourist ts from decrease the region protect the
attraction citizens number of environment,
s on customers → higher tax maintain
these gain less → increase the security,
stakehold money (lower price develop
ers profits) → → decrease the education,
disagree number of develop
customers technology)
→ gain less
 C
Specify
approach
 “Specify” means to state something by
giving an exact measurement, time, exact

Specify instructions, etc.

We would use the Specify approach to
brainstorm ideas for microscopic issues,
which means tasks asking about the impacts of
the subject on individuals.
 E.g: “Today, more people are travelling than
ever before. Why is this the case? What are

Specify the benefits of travelling for travellers?”

→ The act of travelling is decided by
individuals and it would also have impacts
on individuals.
 Reasons for travelling Reasons for travelling at
in the past the present

Transportat Accommod Recreation Tourist

ion ation al activities attractions

In the
past

At present
Reasons for travelling in Reasons for travelling at
the past the present

Mainly: Mainly:
• Commerce • Commer
• War ce
• Religion • Work
• Educatio
Partly: n
• Pleasure • Pleasure
• Exploring
• Education
 Transporta Accommodati Recreational Tourist
tion on activities attractions

In the
past

At present
 Transportati Accommodatio Recreational Tourist
on n activities attractions
cars, buses, - quite few go sightseeing, Historic sites,
trains, and options: outdoor sunbathe, take natural scenes
In the past even boats tents, photos,...
guesthouses, mostly in close
motels distance
cars, buses, - various: resorts, go sightseeing, Recreational
Planes, metro hotels, motels, sunbathe, take areas
trains, tram, host families, photos,... Historic sites
coach, homestays, Cultural places
private vans,... Cultural activities Hot check-in
vehicles… → more choices, for tourists destinations (nice
→ more more privacy, a cafes, impressive
At present choices, wide range of Extreme sports architecture,...)
lower prices prices services
(snowboarding, close and far
skiing, surfing, distance
parachuting,
mountain
climbing...)
CHALLENGE
S
1. Complete your workbook challenge DAY 5 -> 8
2. Speaking challenge (2-minute video)
Record a video to:
Describe a memorable trip in your life.
You should say:
● where you went
● why you went on that trip
● what happened in that trip
and explain why it was memorable.
(LIST AT LEAST 5 ADVANCED WORDS/PHRASES YOU USED
IN YOUR ANSWERS)
DEADLINE:
THANK
YOU!