WHAT DO YOU

SEE?
WHAT DO YOU 1. What image/s have you
noticed or imagined?
SEE?
2. Do you believe that
every individual has a
personal, subjective
viewpoint?

3. How do you maintain

a positive relationship
with other people
despite of differences in
beliefs, attitude, or
values?
 INTERSUBJECT
IVITY

LESSON 3
IN
PHILOSOPHY
 LESSON
OBJECTIVE
S
1 3
Realize that intersubjectivity Explain that authentic
requires accepting differences dialogue means accepting
and not to imposing on others others even if they are
different from themselves

2 4
Appreciate the talents of persons Perform activities that demonstrate
with disabilities and those from the the talents of persons with
underprivileged sectors of society disabilities and those from the
and their contributions to society underprivileged sectors of society
 01
WHAT IS
INTERSUBJECTI
VITY?
 ❖ “Sharing of subjective states by two or more
individuals.”
❖ In Philosophy, subject is defined as “relating to the
way a person experiences something in his or her
own mind.”
❖ Subjective data is not based on facts, but rather on
what a person is saying.

Intersubjectivity is the concept that each person is

influenced by his or her family, friends, acquaintances,
and culture. It is an idea that is used in psychology,
philosophy, and literature.
There are two important points in intersubjectivity:

(1) we want to know what it takes to experience the

“other” as “the other” (2) how the experience of
“the other” may be needed for the development of
self-awareness.

❖ Other: Human beings (an entity is different,

distant, an object outside you)
❖ The Other: Human Person (same entity as
you, as one.)
 02
“I-THOU” “I-IT”
RELATIONSHIP
 In Michael Buber’s view, Humans have a dual
attitude towards the world. He called it the I-Thou
and I-It relationship.

Buber meanwhile, points out that there is “one”

most important relationship which is the eternal I-
Thou relationship. The “Thou” is forever open for the
“I”. He described this connection as God’s
relationship to human beings.
 I-THOU I-IT
A person is aware of another Part of world that consist of
living presence whom it can possessions
relate to or interact with

The human person sees The “It” (other person) is

himself/herself along with other perceive in a specific, isolated
people as involved entities quality

A relationship of mutual and Depicts separateness,

reciprocal connection disconnectedness, and
detachment
The “thou”(another subject) is
unified with the I (subject) The “It” is separate from the “I”
The “It” serves the “I”
The experiences and realities The “It” belongs to the “I”
are shared by both beings Only one party, the “I” has the
say in everything
 03
UNDERSTANDIN
G
INTERSUBJECTI
VE HUMAN
 Scheff Edmund Husserl
(2006) (1931)
Intersubjectivity is “the sharing of States that the practice of
personal states by two or more intersubjectivity are acts of
individuals.” empathy.

It refers to share emotions, Empathy is the ability to

shared attention, and shared understand /share the feelings of
intention another.

1. There is intersubjectivity
between people if they Intersubjectivity is an empathic
“agree” on a given set of experience
meanings/ situation
2. It refers to the “common
shared” meanings
constructed by people in
their interactions “I know what you feel”
 04
INTERSUBJECTIVITY
REQUIRES
ACCEPTING
DIFFERENCES AND
NOT TO IMPOSE ON
OTHERS
 When people get to learn about other people
and respect each other’s similarities and differences,
we get to learn so much about the world and
ourselves.

It is important to examine the commonly held

beliefs about the indigenous peoples and to see
whether we can expand our beliefs to accommodate
other perspectives.
 05
APPRECIATE THE
TALENTS OF PERSONS
WITH DISABILITIES AND
THOSE FROM THE
UNDERPRIVILEGED
SECTORS OF SOCIETY
Dignity is defined as the state or quality of self-worth
and self-respect.

Persons with disabilities (PWD) and those in

underprivileged sectors have a lot to contribute to
the community. Unfortunately, they are the most
vulnerable sectors in society.

● They suffer from lack of opportunities, but

from negative public attitudes as well.
Discrimination and prejudice gradually
stripped the person of his/her dignity.
 A Vicious Cycle ● One social challenge with
PWD is prejudice like the
negative attitude regarding
● Studies have found that their skills is a constant
challenge for them to gain
those of the poorest of
employment.
poor are at greater risk of
● The physical environment
acquiring disability due to
also become an obstacle to
lack of proper health care,
opportunities for people with
being malnourished, living
disability. Buildings, offices,
in places with poor
and work areas are designed
sanitation, and/or working for able-bodied persons.
in unsafe conditions.
 Roots of ● These parents felt that even
Unemployment if their children with
disability go to school, they
would still end up as
● Study have found that beggars.
● Children with special needs
children with disability are whose parents belong to
deprived of education middle and upper-income
because these parents do bracket are willing to enroll
not feel the need to send their children in special
their children to school due education schools and
to poverty and the fear of private schools. However,
having their child laughed at admission is restricted due
or made fun of (Sta. Ana, to high tuition fees and
2005) limited slots due to limited
qualified staffs.
 Government
Support
1. Magna Carta for Disabled
Person

2. Technical Education and Skills

Development (TESDA)
3. Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino
Program (4Ps)
 06
AN AUTHENTIC
DIALOGUE MEANS
ACCEPTING OTHERS
EVEN IF THEY ARE
DIFFERENT FROM
YOURSELF
● EQUALITY - All humans have basic right and
should treat each other as co-equals
● I-THOU RELATIONSHIP - A person should accept
each other as they are.
● LEGITIMATE SOCIETY - Acknowledges and
respects differences among individuals
● HUMAN RELATIONS - Human interactions should
be carried out based on person-to-person
relationship – A relationship of human persons
who have dignity and deserving of reciprocal
respect
DEMONSTRATE 2. Arnold Balais
TALENTS OF is an above-the-knee-amputee
known for being the team
PERSON WITH captain of the Philippine
DISABILITIES Accessible Disability Service
(PADS) Dragon Boat Team.
1. Jomar Maalam
is a swimmer from He excels not only in boat
Zamboanga Del Sur who racing but in swimming, weight
was born without legs. He lifting, and mountain climbing
competes in Palarong as well.
Pambansa 2013.
QUESTIONS
?
ESPER
CT
LEV
O
ITOLHAEPI
NRS
AGNEDSTIDR
NNU
EEDRICF
FNE
JCSTEVB
UIE
 ACTIVITY #2 ● How do you treat other
“I Learned people with respect
despite of your
that…”
Instruction: Answer the
differences with them?
following questions in essay
form. You may share your ● Do you believe that all
individuals are unique?
insights, experiences, and give
Why?
examples. There should be five
paragraphs in the essay, one ● How do you build a
for each question. harmonious
relationship with other
● Why is it important to people?
listen to the opinions and
understand the ● How can you say that
differences of other love and respect is a
people? powerful virtue?