Lesson IDENTIFYING APPROPRIATE

REJECTION REGION FOR A

27 GIVEN LEVEL OF
SIGNIFICANCE
 LEARNING OUTCOMES

define critical values, level of significance,

1
hypothesis test, and rejection region

identify the critical value when

2 population variance is known or unknown

determine the appropriate rejection region

3
for a given level of significance
REVIEW: TYPE OF TEST & HYPOTHESES
 REVIEW: REGION OF REJECTION

left-tailed test right-tailed test

two-tailed test
 REGION OF REJECTION

left-tailed test right-tailed test

region of rejection region of rejection

two-tailed test
region of rejection region of rejection
 REGION OF REJECTION

Region of Region of
Acceptance Acceptance

left-tailed test right-tailed test

Region of
region of rejection region of rejection
Acceptance

two-tailed test
region of rejection region of rejection
 REGION OF REJECTION

region of rejection = level of significance

Region of Region of
Acceptance Acceptance
critical value critical value

left-tailed test right-tailed test

Region of
region of rejection region of rejection
Acceptance
critical value
two-tailed test
region of rejection region of rejection
 REGION OF REJECTION

region of rejection = level of significance

Region of Region of
Acceptance Acceptance
𝜶 critical value critical value 𝜶
left-tailed test right-tailed test
Region of
region of rejection region of rejection
𝜶 Acceptance
critical value 𝜶
𝟐 𝟐
two-tailed test
region of rejection region of rejection
 DETERMINING CRITICAL VALUES (Z-TABLE)
𝜶=𝟏 %¿ 𝟎 . 𝟎𝟏 𝜶=𝟓 %
¿ 𝟎 . 𝟎𝟓 𝜶=𝟏𝟎% ¿ 𝟎 . 𝟏𝟎
 DETERMINING CRITICAL VALUES (Z-TABLE)
𝜶=𝟓 %
¿ 𝟎 . 𝟎𝟓 Level of
Test Type Significance

𝟎.𝟓

𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟓 left-tailed test

𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟓
𝟎.𝟒𝟕𝟓 right-tailed test
± 1.96
−𝟏.𝟗𝟔 𝟏 . 𝟗𝟔 two-tailed test
𝟎 . 𝟎𝟓
𝜶¿ 𝟎.𝟎𝟓
𝟐 𝟐
¿𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟓
 DETERMINING CRITICAL VALUES (Z-TABLE)
𝜶=𝟓 %
¿ 𝟎 . 𝟎𝟓

𝟎.𝟓
0.4495+ 0.4505
2 ¿ 0.45
𝟎 . 𝟒𝟓
1.64 +1.65
−𝟏.𝟔𝟒𝟓 2 −¿1.645
1.645
𝟎 . 𝟎𝟓 1.645
 CRITICAL VALUES (Z-TABLE)

Level of Significance
Test Type

left-tailed test
right-tailed test
two-tailed test
 t-TABLE

area

degrees
of t-values
freedom
 MY CRITICAL VALUE
Determine the critical value of the following.

1. , 𝒛 =−𝟏 . 𝟔𝟒𝟓
2. , 𝒛 =± 𝟐 .𝟓𝟕𝟓
3. , 𝒛 =𝟏 . 𝟐𝟖
4. , 𝒛 =−𝟏 . 𝟗𝟔𝒐𝒓 𝟏 .𝟗𝟔
Level of Significance
Test Type

left-tailed test
right-tailed test
 MY CRITICAL VALUE
Determine the critical value of the following.
5. , 𝒕=−𝟐 . 𝟏𝟑𝟐
6. ,
7. ,
8. ,
 MY CRITICAL VALUE
Determine the critical value of the following.
5. , 𝒕=−𝟐 . 𝟏𝟑𝟐
6. , 𝒕=± 𝟐 .𝟗𝟕𝟕
7. ,
8. ,
 MY CRITICAL VALUE
Determine the critical value of the following.
5. , 𝒕=−𝟐 . 𝟏𝟑𝟐
6. , 𝒕=± 𝟐 .𝟗𝟕𝟕
7. , 𝒕 =𝟏 .𝟑𝟖𝟑
8. ,
 MY CRITICAL VALUE
Determine the critical value of the following.
5. , 𝒕=−𝟐 . 𝟏𝟑𝟐
6. , 𝒕=± 𝟐 .𝟗𝟕𝟕
7. , 𝒕 =𝟏 .𝟑𝟖𝟑
8. , 𝒕=−𝟐. 𝟑𝟔𝟓𝒐𝒓 𝟐.𝟑𝟔𝟓
 GREEN LIGHT, RED LIGHT
Sketch the graph and state the rejection region. Color the
rejection region green and use red line for the critical value/s
1.) 2.)

𝟏 . 𝟐𝟖 −𝟐.𝟑𝟔𝟓 0 𝟐.𝟑𝟔𝟓
Rejection region: Rejection region:
𝒛 ≥ 𝟏 .𝟐𝟖 𝒕 ≤ −𝟐 . 𝟑𝟔𝟓¿ 𝒕 ≥ 𝟐 .𝟑𝟔𝟓
 HYPOTHETICALLY SPEAKING, YOU’RE REJECTED!
Sketch & determine the rejection region for each hypotheses test.
1.) Rejection region:
𝒛 ≤ −𝟏 . 𝟗𝟔
¿ 𝒛 ≥ 𝟏 . 𝟗𝟔
−𝟏.𝟗𝟔 0 𝟏 . 𝟗𝟔
Level of Significance
Test Type

left-tailed test
right-tailed test
 HYPOTHETICALLY SPEAKING, YOU’RE REJECTED!
Sketch & determine the rejection region for each hypotheses test.
1.) Rejection region:
𝒕 ≤ −𝟏 . 𝟒𝟒
0
−𝟏.𝟒𝟒 0
 EXTRA CHALLENGE
Read and analyze. Supply the data being asked.
Suppose a delivery company claims they deliver their packages in 2 days on
average, and you suspect it’s longer than that. To test this claim at 0.10 level of sig-
nificance, you take a random sample of 11 packages and record their delivery
times. You find the sample mean is 2.3 days and the sample standard deviation is
0.35 days. Assuming a normal distribution.
1.) null & alternative hypotheses 𝐻 0 : 𝜇=2 𝐻 1 : 𝜇>2
2.) sample size 𝑛=11
3.) standard deviation 𝑠=0.35
4.) type of test o ne − tailed test , ¿
5.) level of significance 𝛼=0.10 0 𝟏.𝟑𝟕𝟐
6.) test-statistic 𝑡 −𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡
7.) critical value 𝑡 =1.372
8.) rejection region 𝑡 ≥ 1.372
 SUMMARY

The critical value is a point on the test distribution that is compared to the test
statistic to determine whether to reject or not the null hypothesis.
The rejection region is the area that indicates rejection of the null hypothesis.
To determine the critical region, use the z-table if the population
variance/standard deviation is known: otherwise, use the t-table.
If the hypothesis test is right-tailed, the z-values or t-values on the rejection
region are greater than or equal to the critical value.
If the hypothesis test is left-tailed, the z-values or t-values on the rejection region
are less than or equal to the critical value.
If the hypothesis is two-tailed, the rejection regions are on the left and right tails
of the distribution.
In determining the rejection region, locate first the critical value
 CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
In the 1970’s, 20 – 29 years old men in Binangonan had a mean body weight of 170
lbs., with standard deviation of 40 lbs. A SRS of 64 has a sample mean of 173 lbs.
Test at whether mean body weight in the population now differs.
1.) null & alternative
hypotheses
2.) sample size
3.) standard deviation
4.) type of test
5.) level of significance
6.) test-statistic
7.) critical value
8.) rejection region