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Material Handling Lecture-4

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Biniyamin Indris
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9 views

Material Handling Lecture-4

Uploaded by

Biniyamin Indris
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture-4

Belt Conveyor
Introduction
• A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical
handling equipment that moves material from one location
to another.

• Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving


the transportation of heavy or bulky materials in industries.

By: Mohammed Endris 2


Types of conveyors
• Belt Conveyor
• Chain Conveyor
• Gravity Conveyor
• Powered Roller Conveyor
• Pallet Conveyor
• Overhead Conveyor
• Magnetic Slide Conveyor

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Belt Conveyor
• Belt conveyor is an endless belt operating between two
or more pulleys with its load supported on idlers.

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1.Belt

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2.Drive Mechanism

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3. Pulleys

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4. Idlers

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5. Loading device
• The structure of the belt conveyor loading device depends on the
nature of the conveyed special materials and the loading method.

• For finished items, chutes or sliding plates can be used to directly


load the items on the conveyor belt.

• For bulk materials, a funnel can be used for loading, which is fixed on
the rack at the loading position or mounted on a movable trolley to
change the location of the load.

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6. Unloading Device

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Design Parameters
1. Belt Speed
• Speed should not be greater than 3.5m/s
• S = (N x C1 x G) / C2 Where:
S = Belt speed (m/s or ft/min)
N = Motor RPM
C1, C2 = Pulley circumferences
G = Gear ratio
Example 1
Belt width = 18 in
Drive pulley diameter = 12 in
Driven pulley diameter = 6 in
Motor RPM = 1440
Gear ratio = 1:1
Determine conveyor belt speed
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2. Width of Belt
• Belt width in meter

Q= Conveyor working capacity, tones/hr


V = Belt speed, meter per second (m/s)
C = Factor for type of idlers (PSG Data book page
no :9.18)
240, for flat belt
460, for through angle of 20 degrees
510 for through angle of 25 degrees
545 for through angle of 30 degrees

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3. Thickness of belt
• Conveyor belt thickness is a fundamental aspect that
directly influences the durability, functionality, and
efficiency of a conveyor system.
• The thickness of a conveyor belt comprises the bulk
material that forms the carrying surface and the
underlying structures that give the belt its strength
and flexibility.
• The thickness of a conveyor belt varies based on the application, the
materials being conveyed, and the design specifications.

By: Mohammed Endris 21


How to Calculate Conveyor Belt
Thickness
• Determine the Load per Unit Length:
Lunit = Load per unit length (N/m)
Ftotal = Total load (N)
Lbelt = Length of the belt (m)

Calculate the Required Tensile Strength:


Determine the tensile strength required for the belt material to carry
the load without breaking.
T = Tensile strength required (N/m)
Wbelt = Width of the belt (m)

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• Calculate the Cross-Sectional Area:

A = Cross-sectional area (m²)


σallow = Allowable stress for the belt material (N/m²)

• Finally Calculate the Belt Thickness

t = Belt thickness (m)

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Example 2
Consider the following example:
• Total load Ftotal = 5000 N
• Length of the belt Lbelt = 50 m
• Width of the belt Wbelt = 1 m
• Allowable stress for the belt material σallow = 10 × 10^6 ) N/m²
Calculate the Belt thickness

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4. Diameter of Pulleys and Idlers
The diameter of the pulley can be calculated based on the belt tension

D=T/2πN
where T =the tension in the belt
N = the rotational speed of the pulley

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5. Required Horsepower
Required Power = Belt Pull x Belt Speed

The belt pull required to move packages on a slider bed


conveyor equals the total weight of all packages, plus the
weight of the belt times the coefficient of friction between
the bottom of the conveyor belt and the top of the slider
bed

Belt Pull = Total Weight x frictional coefficient.


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Example 3

A 10 foot long conveyor moves five 50 pound boxes simultaneously at a


belt speed of 50 feet per minute on a conveyor belt with a weight of 3
lbs/ft, on a slider bed with a frictional coefficient of 0.5. Calculate the
belt pull and power.

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6. Belt Tension
• The effective tension can be calculated
T=W/S
where; W =Power in KW
S=Belt speed

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7. Trough angle and surcharge angle in idlers
Trough angle
• 35 degree trough idlers are quite common for belt width from 1200 mm to 1600
mm
• 40 / 45 degree trough idlers are quite common for belts 1800 mm and wider.
Surcharge angle
• The angle of repose is considered the static rilling angle of a stockpile. Agitate it,
such as with idler bounce, launching over each idler trough set.

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Advantages

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Disadvantages

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Applications

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Thanks

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