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Introduction-to-Machine-Learning and Their Types

These all things should be belongs to machine learning types and there introduction

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15 views

Introduction-to-Machine-Learning and Their Types

These all things should be belongs to machine learning types and there introduction

Uploaded by

jagabandhukaran32
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Machine Learning
Machine learning is a field of computer science that enables
computers to learn from data without explicit programming. By
analyzing patterns and insights from data, ML algorithms can make
predictions and decisions.

Name-Jagabandhu Karan
Sem-7 th
Reg No-2101367020
What is Machine Learning?
Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that
allows computers to learn from data without being explicitly
programmed. It involves training algorithms on large datasets to
identify patterns and make predictions or decisions.

Data-Driven Adaptive
ML algorithms learn from ML models can adapt to
data, identifying patterns new data and improve their
and relationships within it. performance over time.

Automated
ML systems can automate tasks and processes that were
previously done manually.
Types of Machine Learning
Machine learning can be broadly categorized into three main types: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and
reinforcement learning.

Supervised Learning Unsupervised Learning Reinforcement Learning

In supervised learning, the Unsupervised learning involves Reinforcement learning focuses on


algorithm is trained on labeled training algorithms on unlabeled training agents to make decisions
data, meaning each data point has data, where the algorithm must in an environment by maximizing
a corresponding output or target discover patterns and relationships rewards through trial and error.
value. This allows the algorithm to without explicit guidance.
learn the relationship between
input features and output labels.
Supervised Learning
Supervised learning is a type of machine learning where the
algorithm is trained on a labeled dataset. The dataset contains
both input features and corresponding output labels, allowing the
algorithm to learn the relationship between them.

1 Regression 2 Classification
Predicting continuous Categorizing data into
values, such as house distinct classes, such as
prices or stock prices. identifying spam emails
or classifying images into
different types.
Unsupervised Learning
Unsupervised learning involves training algorithms on unlabeled data,
where the algorithm must discover hidden patterns and structures within
the data without explicit guidance.

Clustering
Grouping data points based on their similarity, identifying
clusters of related data.

Dimensionality Reduction
Simplifying the data by reducing the number of features,
while retaining as much information as possible.

Association Rule Learning


Discovering associations or relationships between different
items in a dataset.
Reinforcement Learning
Reinforcement learning is a type of machine learning where an agent learns to make
decisions in an environment by interacting with it and maximizing rewards.

1 Agent
The learner or decision-maker in a reinforcement learning system.

2 Environment
The setting in which the agent operates and interacts with.

3 Reward
A signal that the agent receives for performing actions, encouraging
desired behaviors.

4 Trial and Error


The agent learns by trying different actions and observing the
consequences, gradually improving its performance over time.
Machine Learning Algorithms
Machine learning algorithms are the core components of ML systems. They provide the framework for learning from data and making predictions.

Algorithm Type Description

Linear Regression Supervised Predicting a continuous target variable based on a


linear relationship with input features.

Logistic Regression Supervised Classifying data into categories based on a logistic


function.

Decision Trees Supervised Creating a tree-like structure to make decisions


based on a series of rules.

Support Vector Machines (SVMs) Supervised Finding the optimal hyperplane to separate data
points into different classes.

K-Means Clustering Unsupervised Grouping data points into clusters based on their
similarity.

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Unsupervised Reducing the dimensionality of data by identifying
principal components that capture the most
variance.
Q-Learning Reinforcement Learning an optimal policy by iteratively updating a
Q-value table that represents the expected reward
for each state-action pair.
Applications of Machine Learning
Machine learning has revolutionized various fields, enabling new capabilities and solving complex problems.

Autonomous Vehicles Healthcare Spam Filtering Speech Recognition


Self-driving cars rely on ML ML is used in disease ML algorithms identify and ML powers voice assistants
algorithms to navigate diagnosis, drug discovery, filter spam emails, like Siri and Alexa, enabling
roads, avoid obstacles, and and personalized medicine. protecting users from them to understand and
make decisions in real-time. unwanted messages. respond to spoken
commands.
Challenges and Limitations
While ML offers significant potential, it also faces challenges and limitations.

1 Data Quality 2 Explainability 3 Ethical Considerations


ML models are highly Understanding why an ML The use of ML raises ethical
dependent on the quality and model makes a particular concerns, such as bias,
quantity of training data. prediction can be challenging, fairness, and privacy.
Biased or inaccurate data can especially for complex
lead to flawed predictions. algorithms.
Conclusion and Key Takeaways
Machine learning is a powerful tool with the potential to transform various
industries. By understanding the concepts, techniques, and applications of
ML, we can harness its capabilities to solve real-world problems and create
a better future.

1 Learning from Data 2 Variety of Applications


ML algorithms learn from ML has a wide range of
data, identifying patterns and applications across different
making predictions based on industries, from healthcare to
that data. finance to transportation.

3 Ethical Considerations
It's essential to consider ethical implications when developing and
deploying ML systems.

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