- ing forms

[ Love , like, hate , can’t stand , mind , enjoy ,

interested in , good at , bad at ] + V.ing

 I love watching football.

 He is interested in reading.

 Darin is good at speaking English.

 -ing forms
 Kids are interested in _____ mobiles.
[ used , using , to use , uses ]
using

 We love _____ friends.

[ make , makes , to make , making ]
making
 Exam
 I hate _______ for my school bus.
a) to wait
b) waiting
c) waited
d) waits

 waiting
 Who \ Where \ Which
 Who → People. Exam:
 Jo Biden is the one
who is ruling the USA.  A restaurant is a place
 Where → places. __ we can have a meal.
 A park is a place where { who , where , which }
we can take a rest.
 Which → things.  A restaurant is a place
 A mobile is a machine where we can have a
which is used for
calling
 The
 { the} is used with the Exam:
musical instruments
{ drums , keyboards ,  Annie plays ______
piano , guitars , oud , keyboards.
daf , violin and …….etc } [ a , the , an , - ]

 Maddy plays the violin. 

Annie plays the keyboards.
 on + the left \ the right
in + the middle
Exam:
 The boy is standing on  Annie is standing
the left. _____ the middle.
[ in , on , at , of ]
 There is a tall tree in the
middle of the garden.  Annie is standing in
the middle.
 There is a nice car on
the right of the road.
 Present Continuous ={ V.ing}
 S +{ is/am/are } + V.ing Exam:
Time markers:
 The bird is _____ now.
{ now , at the moment }
{ sings , sing , singing }
 The bird is singing now.
 we are listening to the
 We ____television now.
teacher now.
{ is watching , are watching ,
are watch , watched}
 He is playing tennis at  We are watching TV
the moment now.
 Present Continuous ={ V.ing}
 S +{ is/am/are } + V.ing
Time markers:
{ now , at the moment }

 we are listening to the teacher now.

He is playing tennis at the moment.

 Exam

The bird is _____ on the tree.

[ sings , sing , to sing ,singing ]

 singing
 Exam

We ____television now.

a) is watching ,
b) are watching
c) are watch
d) Watches
are watching
 So \ neither + { auxiliaries }

 Auxiliaries  Examples:

[is/am/are/was/were/  Ali isn’t fine, neither is

have/has/do/does/di Sara.
d/can/could …… ]  he plays football, so do
 So → positive we
 neither → negative

 So \ neither + { auxiliaries }
 Auxiliaries
[is/am/are/was/were/have/has/do/does/di
dcan/could …… ]

 So → positive
 neither → negative
They are in danger, so are we.
 Ali isn’t fine, neither is Sara.
 e r + { a u x i l i a ri e s }
So \ neith

 Tom cruz is a film star ,______ Leonardo De.

a) so does
b) neither is
c) So is
d) so are
 so is
So \ neither + { auxiliaries }

He can’t play badminton,______ I .

a) so can
b) neither am
c) so am
d) neither can
 neither can
 So \ neither + { auxiliaries }
if there isn’t auxiliaries:
 do + I /we/you/they
does + he/she/it

 Messi plays football , so does C.Ronaldo.

 Jack and Dave doesn’t work hard , neither do I.

 Making Suggestion
 Why don’t you/we + v. base……..?

 Why don’t you try hard?

 Why don’t we show respect?

 Why don’t you read a story?

Exam

 Why don’t you ____up?

{ listened , listening , listens , listen }
listen
_____ don’t we go home?
{ where , who , what , why }
Why
Exam

Why don’t visit the park?

Why you don’t visit the park?
Why don’t you visit the park?
Why visit you don’t the park?

Why don’t you visit the park?

 Verb + infinitive
 { wouldlike , would love , want ,
need } + { to + base }

I want to pass English.

I’d love to see the film.
He needs to turn left.
 Exam
_ m e th e tr u th .
 She would like ____
, te l ls , to te l l }
{ tell , telling

to tell
 Object pronouns:
 { me , him , her , us , Exam:
them , you , it }
 Dana ,Can you hear __?
 Dave is a good boy, I { me , him , her , you }
like him.
 Sara and Sana are cute,
me
I like them.
 Paris is a beautiful city ,
I love it.
 Past simple:
…ago Exam:
 { S +V. past …yesterday}  You ____ in math two
last.. days ago.
 { S+ didn’t + v. base….} { study, studying , studied}
 studied
 We watched TV last night.
 They didn’t phone the  Ali didn’t ____ me.
police. {call , called , calls , calling}
 We took a selfie yesterday
 call
with our teacher.
 Past simple
Time markers:

{ yesterday , ago , last }

↑
- ed
He cried yesterday.

We wrote a report two days ago.

 Exam
The children ____ the latest cartoon last
night.

a) watch
b) watched
c) watching
d) watches

watched
 Present s i m p l e p a s s i ve
 { object + is\are + p.p } Exam:

 They watch TV.  The problems _______.

 TV is watched. { is solve , are solved , are
solve , was solved }
 He listens Arabic songs.  The problems are
 Arabic songs are solved.
listened.
 Passive voice
Present simple passive Past simple passive

object + is\are + p.p } object + was \ were + p.p }

 They watch TV.  They watched TV.

 TV is watched.  TV was watched.

 He listens Arabic songs.  He listened Arabic songs.

 Arabic songs are listened.  Arabic songs were listened.
Exam:
 the tables ____ every year.  The radio _____ yesterday.
{ painted , is painted , are { repairs, is repaired , was
painted , are paint } repaired , were repaired }
 The tables are painted  The radio was repaired
every year yesterday.

 The car ____ by Ahmed.  A new school was built

{ is washed , are washed , ____ the government.
were washed , washing } { on . to , with , by }
 The car is washed by  A new school was built by
Ahmed. the government.
 Conditionals

Open conditional First conditional

 { if + present simple ,  { if + present simple ,
present simple } future simple }
{ if + he/she/it + V+s } if + {S+ v.base} , { S+will+base}

 if he calls , I answer him.  if he calls,I will answer him.

{if + I/we/you /they +V. base }  I will answer you if you call.
 If you call, I answer you.
Exam:
 If I get sick, I _____ a doctor.

a) would see
b) will see
c) seeing
d) to see }

I will see
Exam:

 If she ____ , she will be fine.

A. waiting
B. will wait
C. waits
D. wait

waits
 es e
nt P
e rfec
t
{ S + has/have + p.p }

 He has travelled abroad.

We have played tennis.

I have seen the film.

 Exam
Ali has ____ the walls.

a) painted
b) paint
c) to paint
d) painting
painted
 Exam
You _____ two goals.
a. has scored
b. have score
c. are scores
d. have scored
have scored
 ve r / yet / eve r
Just / already / ne
already
S + have/has +just+ P.P
never
S +have/has +not +P.P…… Yet.
 Have/has + S + p.p..........yet?
Have/has+ S+ ever +p.p ..?
 Exam
He has just phoned.

I haven’t decided yet.

Have you ever travelled?

 Exam
She has ______ arrived.
{ ever , yet , already , so far }
Already
Have you married ____?
{ just , yet , ever , already }
yet
 Expre s s i n g Po s s i b i l i t y
 S + may/might + v.base Exam:

 He may arrive soon.  you might _____ a goal.

{ scored , score , scores }
 They might call us.
 you might score a goal.
 You may get a high
mark.
 Have to\ has to \ had to
 S + has to \ have to \ had to + Exam:
v. base  Anya ______ try hard.
 he \ she \ it + doesn’t have
{ has to , have to }
to…….
 Anya has to try hard.
 I \ we \ you \ they + don’t
 Fatima had to ____ us.
have to…………
 S + didn’t have to …… {called , calls , calling , call}
 Fatima had to call us.
 He has to wake up.  You ____ waste time.
doesn’t have to,don’t has to,
 You have to wait. doesn’t has to, don’t have to
 You don’t have to waste time.
 I had to go yesterday.
 So \ Because
Exam:
Because → reasons
So → results  He played badly , _____ he
lost the match.
{ because , so }
, So  He played badly ,so he lost
the match.
 She was absent ___ she was
 I didn’t sleep well sick.
last night , so I feel { because , so }
 She was absent because she
sleepy. was sick.
 For \ since
ages Sunday…………..
along time January…………
For + Number 2018…………..
a\ an + ……. Since + 8:30…………
hours , weeks,……. Winter……..
Newroz……..
 Ahmed has been studying  He has been died since
for two years. 2011.

 You have been waiting for  They have been missing

along time. since Friday.
 :
am
 Ali has been asleep ____ five hours.{ since , for }

Ex
 Ali has been asleep for five hours.
 We haven’t been to Jolanan _________ Newroz.
 We haven’t been to Jolanan since Newroz.
 The kid has woken up _______ 7:15.
 The kid has woken up since 7:15.
 He has gone to Europe _______ ages.
 He has gone to Europe for ages.
 Reported request / reported command

asked / told
{ to + v. base }
{ not + to + v. base }

 He asked me to help him.

 They told us not to stop.
 Aland told me to clean all the rooms.
 Exam
 My parents asked us ______ social networks.

a) not use to
b) not to use
c) use to not
d) to not use }

 not to use
 Exam
 She told me ______ to her.

a. listen
b. listening
c. to listen
d. listened
To listen
 Adjectives +
infinitive
Exam:
 { difficult , hard , easy ,  It is difficult ____ money.
necessary } + { to + base} { gets , get , getting , to get }
 to get

 It is hard to spell that word.

 It’s difficult to swim here.  It is easy ______ friends.
 It is easy to learn English. { make , to make , making }
 It is necessary to follow the  easy to
rules.
 Reported
Statement
 Exam:
Said (that) +
 He said his name ____
{ V. past }
Master Blaster.
 He said that he was sick.
{ is , were , am , was }
 They said Sara cleaned the was
kitchen.  She said she ___ in
English.
 Ali said that he watched
the programme. { studied , study , to study }
studied
 Question tags
has/have /can/could
 ___________ , is/am/are/was/were + S ?
do/does/did/would
sentence tag
Positive X negative
negative X positive
 He is an artist, isn’t he?
 You are here, aren’t you?
 He can speak two languages, can’t he?
 She was not happy, was she?
 s
te
no
 if there isn’t auxiliary in the sentence , we
have to use { do / does }.
 does + he/she/it
 do + I / we / you / they

 She plays the piano, doesn’t she?

 They play the piano , don’t they?
 Dana teaches English, doesn’t he?
 :
am
Ex
 Anya is a girl, ______? {is she , was he, isn’t she, can’t she}
 isn’t she?

 you were upset, ____?{ were you , aren’t you , weren’t you}
 weren’t you

 We love Cartoons , ________? { do we , does he , don’t we }

 don’t we?

 Talabani has died, _____? { has she, haven’t they, hasn’t he }

 hasn’t he
 b oth / a l l / n on e

Exam:
both →two
 Eyes and nose are ____
 all → more than two body parts.
{ all , none , both }
 Messi and Ronaldo are  Both
both football players.
 Nokia ,Galaxy , and
 Figs ,grapes ,pears and Huawei are ____mobile
cherries are all fruits. brands.
{ all , none , both }
 None of us are Japanese.
 all
 Superlative + ever
Exam:
 Ever
goes after {have\has} if there is  Mahir Hasssan is the
superlative in the sentence.
funniest actor I have ____
 Superlative ( +est / most} seen.
{ never , yet , already , ever }
 It is the cleanest school I  ever
have ever been.

 He is the _____ man I have

 It is the most dangerous ever met.
mountain I have ever seen. { shorter , short , shortest }
 shortest
 Making wishes
Exam:
 wish + could
 You wish you could ____
the exams.
{ passed , pass , passing }
 I wish you could get a job.  Pass

 I wish they ____ a house.

 I wish I could live in { buy , can buy , could buy }
Canada.  Could buy
 Odd word

 ____ is the odd word?  the odd word is ____?

}
{ river ,island ,sea , lake
 The odd word is ____?
 p ron un ci atio n s
Rhyming :  / / is found in ______.
 { }rhymes with ____.  ____ contains / /sound.
 ____ produces/ /sound.
 { }goes rhyming  ( ) is silent in ____.
with______.

 /u:/ is found in ____.

 ___ rhymes with
{ first}. {could,would ,fruit, wood}
{ list ,worst ,most , ghost }
 Information about the Texts
 Dana is from Kurdistan.
 Nelson is from Brazil.
 Annie is from Canada.
 Jade is from New Zealand.
 Dave is from England.
 Maddy is from Ireland.
 Mike is from Scotland.
 Emma is from England.
 Information about the Texts
1. Mike and Emma are sixteen years old.
2. Mike and Emma are reporters for MNX.
3. The newspaper that Emma and Mike work for ,is called MNX.
4. The newspaper is about a festival called MUSIC NOW.
5. The festival is organized by Rob.
6. Nearly Five million people live in Scotland.
7. Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland.
8. Some people in the western Isles speak a language called
Gaelic.
9. Pipers play bagpipes.
10. Pipers wear kilt.
 Information about the Texts
1. Jade likes playing the bass guitar and interested in discovering
new places.
2. Dave can’t stand looking at old buildings.
3. The Royal Mile is an old street in the center of Edinburgh.
4. Deacon Brodie made furniture in the day and stole things from
other people’s houses at night.{he was a burglar}
5. Sean Connery lived in Edinburgh when he was young.
6. Holyrood palace was built in 1501 by James IV.
7. Mary Queen of Scots lived in Holyrood palace for six years.
8. Mary queen was executed in 1587.
9. Sacsayhuaman is in Peru
10. Wawel castle is in Poland.
 Information about the Texts
1. Alcazar is in Spain.
2. The Citadel is in Hawler.
3. Krakow is the capital of Poland
4. Thomas Sean Connery was born in Edinburgh in 1930.
5. Dave’s guitar was from Japan.
6. Titanic was made in 1997.
7. Titanic was sunk by an iceberg in 1912.
8. Titanic was directed by James Cameroon.
9. The word ‘Jeans’ comes from Italy.
10. The first jeans were made in the USA in 1638.
 Information about the Texts
 The wheel was probably the most important mechanical
invention in history.
 The earliest wheel comes from Iraq.
 The telephone was invented by Graham Bell.
 Graham Bell was Scottish.
 Alexander Bell was born in Edinburgh in 1847.
 Mr. Watson was Graham Bell’s assistant.
 The Light House of Alexandria was in Egypt.
 The Light House of Alexandria was destroyed by an earthquake in
1303.
 Ibn al-Haytham was born in Basra.
 Ibn al-Haytham was called the father of Optics.
 Information about the Texts
 Camera Obscura was first invented by Ibn al-Haytham.
 John Utterson was a lawyer.
 The ancient Egyptians invented the earliest type of paper.
 The Japanese were the first people to make paper out of wood.
 The Arabs learned the secret of paper making from two Chinese
prisoners.
 Pencil was invented in 1564.
 Laszlo Biro was born in Hungary in1899 and died in Argentine in 1985.
 The Chinese invented the Kite.
 Ornithopter was invented by the famous Italian artist {Leonardo da
Vinci}
 The hot air balloon was invented by two French brothers {Joseph and
Jacques}
 Information about the Texts
 The Airplane was invented by two American brothers { Wilbur and
Orville Wright}
 Maria Curie was born in Poland in 1867.
 Maria Curie studied at Sorbonne University in Paris.
 Maria Curie had two children and won two Nobel prizes one for Physics
and one for Chemistry.
 Maria Curie died of leukemia in 1934.
 Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming.
 New Zealand consists of two large islands and it was first called New
Zealand by Captain Cook.
 Wellington is the capital of New Zealand.
 Auckland is the center of commerce and industry.
 Auckland’s nickname is ‘’ The city of sails “
 Information about the Texts
 Before inventing money, people had to use barter.
 The Chinese were the first people to use metal coins.
 The mountains of Scotland are called Highlands.
 Loch Ness is the name of the largest lake in Scotland.
 Dave’s ankle was broken.

Prepared by: Omer Aziz Ahmed

4th\ June \ 2013. At : 11:17 pm.