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Solar System 1

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9 views

Solar System 1

Uploaded by

user-860362
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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solar system :

Abhinav sir
Planets inside the belt are
called Terrestrial planets and
they are Mercury, Venus,
Earth, and Mars.
Planets outside the best are
called Jovian planets and they
are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and
Neptune.
Terrestrial planets are nearer to
the sun, with metallic minerals
and rock crust, with a thin
atmosphere and have less
number of natural satellites.
While Jovian planets are away
from Sun, made up of hot gases,
have rings around them, and
have a large number of natural
satellites.
Sun

•The only star in our solar system


and powerhouse of the solar system.

•Composed of Hydrogen (73%), Helium (25%)


gases and other metals. Sun carries almost
99% mass of our solar system.

•Approximately 15 crore Kilometres further away


from Earth. It takes around 8 minutes 30 seconds
for light at the speed of 3 lakh Km/sec to reach the
earth.

•Temperature at surface= 5800 K or 5600 degree


Celsius.
•Temperature at the centre= 15.7 million K
Mercury

 Closest planet to the Sun and very hot planet.

 Smallest planet in the solar system with a


diameter of 4900 Km.

 Fastest Planet with speed of 172500 Km per


hour to complete revolution around Sun in 88
days.

 The planet with no water and gases like


Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Carbon
Dioxide.
Venus

•Hottest planet in the solar system with


the surface temperature of 478 degree
Celsius.

•Also known as “Earth’s Twin”. It is


because of the similarity in size and mass
between Venus and Earth.

•One of the two planets in the solar system


which rotate around the axis in a clockwise
direction.

•Brightest Star in the Solar system. It can


be seen in the morning and evening with
open eyes. So known as “Evening Star”
and “Morning Star”.
Earth

•The only Planet to give support to life with a


pleasant atmosphere.

•Also known as “Blue Planet” because of the


presence of water on it.
•It has one natural satellite named “Moon”.

Mars

•Known as “Red Planet” because of Iron-rich red


soil.
•Second smallest planet in the solar system after
Mercury.
•Has two natural moons “Phobos” and “Deimos”.

•Has a thin atmosphere and surface with valleys,


craters, deserts, and ice caps etc.

•“Olympus Mons” – Largest volcano and the tallest


Jupiter

 Largest planet of the solar system with


the shortest rotation

 Has an atmosphere filled with Hydrogen, Helium


and other gases
 The third brightest object in the night sky
after the Moon and Venus.

 Great Red Spot, a giant storm in the solar


system exists on this planet.

 Has at least 79 moons, including 4 large


Galilean Moons “Io, Europa, Ganymede, and
Callisto” which were discovered
by Galileo. “Ganymede” is the largest among
them.

 It has an unclear ring around it.


Saturn

 Second largest planet in the solar


system and a gas giant.

 Has bright and concentric rings around


it which are made up of tiny rocks and
pieces of Ice.

 Saturn can float on water because it


has less density than water.

 Has at least 82 moons and Titan is the


largest among them.
Uranus
• Has the third-largest planetary radius
and fourth-largest planetary mass in the
Solar system.
• Greenish in colour.
• Discovered by William Herschel in 1781.
• Known as “Ice Giant”. The atmosphere of
Uranus is composed of Hydrogen and Helium
primarily, but it also contains more water,
ammonia etc.
• Has coldest planetary atmosphere in the solar
system.
• Rotates clockwise on its axis like Venus
but unlike other planets
• Has at least 27 moons. Famous
moons- Miranda, Ariel and Umbriel
Neptune
• Farthest planet from the Sun.
• It is also “Ice Giant”. Atmosphere primarily
composed of Hydrogen and Helium.
• Bluish in colour because of Methane.
• Fourth largest planet and the third most- massive
planet in the solar system
• Discovered by Johann Galle and Urbain Le
Verrier in 1846. The only planet in the solar system
found by Mathematical Predictions.
• Has known 14 satellites. Famous moon – Triton.
Pluto
• As per the new definition of Planets
determined by International
Astronomical Union (IAU), Pluto
has been omitted from the list of
planets in 2006.

• Pluto is considered as a dwarf planet


(size between planets and asteroids)
now and it is a member of Kuiper Belt.

• Kuiper Belt is a spherical


boundary outside the orbit of
Neptune containing a number of
asteroids, rocks, and comets.
Other Space Objects

1. Asteroids
•These are small objects; rocks (mostly debris) revolve around the
Sun.
•They are mostly found in the Asteroid Belt which lies between the
orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
•These are also known as Minor planets.
•Ceres, Vesta, Psyche are some famous and largest asteroids in
the solar system.

2. Meteors and Meteorites


•These are also known as Shooting stars.
•Meteors are the small-sized rocky material which is generally
formed due to asteroid collision and approaching the earth.
•Because of Earth’s atmospheric layers, these small rocks burn
before reaching the surface.
•But there are some meteors which do not burn completely and
land on Earth’s surface. They are called as Meteorites.

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