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Phenomenology

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6 views10 pages

Phenomenology

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essaywriter.frs
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PHENOMENOLO

GY
A Report for Research
Methodology
Professor: Dr. Araya
What is phenomenology?
( Parodi, 2008)
• Definitions:
• “the science of experience”
• “The study of apparent phenomena”
• “The systematic description of pre-
theoretical experience”

Main proponent: Edmund Husserl

Other famous phenomenologists: Jean Paul Sartre,


Maurice Merleu-Ponty and Paul Ricoeur
In a nutshell
• Attempt to study experience itself
objectively and scientifically
• “To the things themselves!”- Edmund
Husserl, mathematician
The Phenomenological
Method
• Involved
• Time-consuming
“Epokhé” (Gr.) – doubt ( Giorgi, 2009)

• A temporary suspension of any external


beliefs placing one’s focus solely on the
raw experience itself.
• The goal is to ignore empirical data-
along with intuitions and judgments-and
simply describe your experience in
detail.
• The phenomenon of eating ice cream
Eidetic reduction (Ponce,
2014)
• Taking certain features of the bracketed
experience and imagining variations on them, as
freely as you can.
• The cup
“ All qualitative research has a
phenomenological aspect to it but the
phenomenological approach cannot be
applied to all qualitative researchers.”
Sample and data collection
strategy
• Purposive sampling
• Most appropriate data collection strategy:
profound interview
( Marshall and Rossman, 2010)
• Main focus of the interview is the description of
the meaning of the phenomenon (Rubin and
Rubin, 2012)
Applying Phenomenology in
Education
• Finland’s Phenomenon based learning –
interdisciplinary approach ( BBC World, September
30, 2018)
• Uses the natural curiosity of children to learn in an
authentic context
• Holistic real-world phenomena ( critical thinking,
creativity, innovation, team work and
communication)
• European Union, Climate change
• Teacher-student relationship changes
• Decentralized, team-based
• Full implementation in 2020
Sources:

• Giorgi, A. ( 2009). A Descriptive Phenomenological


Method in Psychology: A modified Husserlian
Approach. Pittsburg, PA. Duquesne University Press.
• Marshall, C. & Rossman, G.B. (2010). Designing
Qualitative Research ( 5th edition). Thousand Oaks CA:
Sage Publications.
• Parodi, L.M. ( 2008). La filosofia: Fundamentos de la
Educacion, Vision, Historica, Sistematica y Educativa
de la Filosofia Occidental. Hato Rey: Publicaciones
Puertorriqueñas.
• Ponce, O. ( 2014). Investigacion Cualitative en
Educacion: Teorias, Practicas y Debates. Hato Rey:
Publicaciones Puertorriqueñas.
• Rubin, H.J. & Rubin, I.S. ( 2012). Qualitative
Interviewing: The Art of Hearing Data ( 3rd Ed. ). Los

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