SOLAR

SYSTEM

CELESTIAL BODIES EXPLANATION
 Solar system

 Read your Science book:

 Text book 6 pages 155 - 15162

 You are given 10 minutes to read those books.

 Solar system


Answer these questions in your notebook.
 1. What is the meaning of solar system?
 2. What are the meanings of these;
 A. Stars
 B. Planets
 C. Dwarf planets
 D. Asteroids
 E. Natural satellites
 3. what are the differences between riotation and revolution?
 4. How many planets do you know and what are they?
 5. What are the differences between solar and lunar eclipses?
 You are having 10 minutes to answer these questions.
 Solar system


Let’s check your answer…

Solar System

Coming from Latin word Sol, Collection of elements or

which means Sun. components that are organized
for a common or specific
purpose.

Solar system means a collection of

celestial bodies that orbiting the
Sun.
 Solar system


Let’s check your answer…

Celestial body/bodies
Any natural objects that can be found outside
of Earth’s atmosphere.

Examples of these are planets, asteroids,

meteor, natural satellites or moons, dwarf
planets, comets etc.
 Solar system

 Planets
An extremely large, round mass of rock and
metal, such as Earth, or of gas, such as Jupiter,
that moves in a circular path or orbit around
the Sun or a star.
There are 8 planets in our solar system.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus and Neptune.
 Solar system
 Planets

Observe the slide.
Now name these:
Smallest planet is ________________
Biggest planet is _______________
Closest planet to the Sun is _____________
Furthest planet to the Sun is ____________
Planet that has visible thick rings is
_______________
 
Let’s discuss each
planet information
and its Fun facts
 Solar system
 Mercury or Merkurius

It is named for the
Roman god
Mercury, the
messenger to the
gods – most likely
related to the
orbiting speed of
the planet.
 Solar system
 Mercury or Merkurius
Fact:

 It is the smallest planet in our solar system, with a
diameter of 4,879 km;
 It is the closest planet to the Sun in our solar system; with
the distance from the Sun in 57,909,227 km (0.39 AU);
 It is the fastest planet in our solar system that revolves the
Sun;
a year in Mercury is 88 days, but it rotates very slow. It
needs
59 days for 1 rotation.
 Solar system
 Mercury or Merkurius

Fact:
 It has extreme temperature from 430ºC during the day to -
170ºC at night;
 It has just 38% of the gravity on Earth;
 It does not experience any seasons. The axis of Mercury
has the smallest tilt of all other planets, and this results in
a lack of seasons on its surface.
 Solar system
 Venus

The planet is
named for Venus,
the Roman
goddess of love
and beauty. This
may be, in part,
due the brightness
of the planet.
 Solar system
 Venus
Fact:

 It has a diameter of 12,104 km;
 It has distance from the Sun in 108,209,475 km (0.73 AU);
 One day on Venus is longer than one year. Due to the slow
rotation on its axis, it takes 243 Earth-days to complete
one rotation. The orbit of the planet takes 225 Earth-days –
making a year on Venus shorter than a day on Venus;
 It is sometimes referred to as the “morning star” and
“evening star”;
 Solar system
 Venus
Fact:

 It rotates in the opposite direction to other planets. Most
other planets rotate counter-clockwise on their axis,
however Venus, like Uranus, rotates clockwise. This is
known as a retrograde rotation;
 It is the hottest planet in the solar system with an average
surface temperature of 470°C, the atmosphere is a dense
96.5% carbon dioxide which traps heat and caused the
greenhouse effect;
 It has no moon; and
 Solar system
 Earth or Bumi

Earth is the only
planet in the solar
system not named
after a
mythological
being. Instead, its
name is derived
from the Old
English word
"ertha" and the
Anglo-Saxon word
"erda" which
 Solar system
 Earth or Bumi
Fact:

 It is currently the only known planet to support or sustain
life, since the Earth is covered in water;
 It has diameter in 12,756 km;
 The Earth has an Ozone Layer which protects it from
harmful solar radiation;
 The gravity between the Earth and the Moon causes the
tides on Earth.;
 It has the distance between the Sun in 149,598,262 km or
150.000.000km (1 AU);
 Solar system
 Earth or Bumi
Fact: 
 The highest point found on Earth is Mount Everest which
reaches a height of 8.8 km. The lowest point on Earth is
called Challenger Deep and at 10.9 km below sea level, it
is further than the peak of Mount Everest.;
 Earth has one of the most circular orbits of all the eight
planets. Its axis of rotation is tilted 23.4° away, which
produces the seasons we experience;
 A year on Earth lasts just over 365 days. It is actually 1/4
of a day over 365 days which is why we have a leap year
every four years.and rotates in 24hours;
 Solar system
 Earth or Bumi

Fact:
 The temperature just right to foster living things, ranging
from
-90° C to 70° C;
 It takes sunlight, on average, about eight minutes and
twenty seconds to reach the Earth; and
 It has one natural satellite or moon called Moon.
 Solar system
 Mars

Mars is named after
a mythological
figure - the Roman
god of war. In
addition to its
official name, Mars
is sometimes called
the Red Planet
because of the
brownish-red color
of its surface.
 Solar system
 Mars
Fact:

 It is around 227,940,000 km(1.38 AU) from the Sun;
 The surface gravity of Mars is about 37% the gravity found on
Earth;
 The atmosphere in Mars is full of iron ioxide which make it
appears red;
 The tallest mountain known in the solar system is on Mars.
Olympus Mons is a 21 km high and 600 km diameter shield
volcano that was formed billions of years ago;
 It takes Mars 687 Earth days to orbit the Sun and 25 hours to
 Solar system
 Mars

Fact:
 Mars is the only other planet besides Earth that has polar
ice caps. The northern cap is called the Planum Boreum,
with Planum Australe in the south. Water ice has also been
found under the Martian ice caps;
 Mars has seasons like Earth, but they last twice as long.
This is because Mars is tilted on its axis by about 25.19
degrees;
 The temperature is -153ºC to 24ºC;
 It has two moons called Phobos (fear) and Deimos.(terror).
 Solar system
 Jupiter or Yupiter
Named after the Roman
king of the gods, Jupiter is
fitting of its name. Jupiter
is easily the largest and
most massive planet in the
Solar System. To put this in
perspective, it would take
11 Earths lined up next to
each other to stretch from
one side of Jupiter to the
other and it would take
317 Earths to equal the
mass of Jupiter.
 Solar system
 Jupiter or Yupiter
Fact:

 It is around 778,340,821 km (5.20 AU) from the Sun;
 Jupiter’s diameter is 142,984 km;
 It takes 11.86 Earth years or almost 12 years to orbit the Sun
and 9 hours and 55 minutes or 10 hours to do the rotation;
making it the fastest planet to do the rotation;
 Jupiter has a faint ring system around it;
 Jupiter’s Great Red Spot is an enormous storm that has been
raging for over 300 years. This storm is so wide that three
Earth’s would fit inside of it;
 Solar system
 Jupiter or Yupiter
Fact:

 Jupiter does not experience seasons like other planets such as
Earth and Mars. This is because the axis is only tilted by 3.13
degrees;
 Its temperature is -145ºC to 210ºC; and
 Jupiter has at least 95 moons in satellite around the planet.
These moons are separated into three groups:
1. Inner moons. These orbit the closest to Jupiter and are
sometimes
called the Amalthea group. The names of the inner moons
of Jupiter
are Metis, Adrastea, Amalthea, and Thebe.
 Solar system
 Jupiter or Yupiter

3. Outer moons. These moons are much smaller and
further away from Jupiter. They also have
irregular, elliptical orbit paths and many are
captured asteroids.
 The largest of Jupiter’s moons, Ganymede is the largest
moon in the solar system.
 Solar system
 Saturn or Saturnus
 Saturn , if compared, it
is easy to see why
Saturn and Jupiter have
been designated as
relatives. From
atmospheric
composition to rotation,
these two planets are
extremely similar.
Because of these
factors, Saturn was
named after the father
of the god Jupiter in
 Solar system
 Saturn or Saturnus

 The most common nickname for Saturn is “The Ringed
Planet”, a nickname arising from the large, beautiful and
extensive ring system that encircles the planet. These rings
are mostly made from chunks of ice and carbonaceous dust.;
 It is around 1,426,666,422 km (9.58 AU) from the Sun;
 Saturn’s diameter is 120,536 km;
 It takes 29.45 Earth years or almost 30 years to orbit the Sun
and 10 hours and 34 minutes to turn on its axis;
 Saturn has the fastest winds of any other planet in our solar
system. These winds have been measured at approximately
1,800 km per hour;
 Solar system
 Saturn or Saturnus

 Its temperature is -175ºC; and
 Saturn has at least 146 moons in satellite around the planet.; All of
these moons are frozen – the largest of which are Titan and Rhea.
The moon Enceladus also appears to have an ocean hidden below its
frozen surface;
 Saturn appears a pale yellow color because its upper atmosphere
contains ammonia crystals; and
 Saturn is the least dense planet in the solar system. It is made
mostly of hydrogen and has a density which is less than water –
which technically means that Saturn would float.
 Solar system
 Uranus


Uranus, named after

the father of the
Roman god Saturn,
 Solar system
 Uranus

 William Herschel discovered Uranus in 1781;
 Uranus rotates on its axis once every 17 hours and 14
minutes. Like Venus, it turns in a retrograde direction which is
opposite to the direction Earth and the other six planets turn;
 It takes Uranus 84 Earth years to orbit the Sun;
 It is around 2,870,658,186 km (19.22 AU) from the Sun;
 Uranus’ diameter is 51,118 km;
 A collision may have caused the unusual tilt of Uranus. The
theory is that an Earth-sized planet may have collided with
Uranus which forced its axis to drastically shift;
 Solar system
 Uranus

 Its temperature is -195ºC;
 It has at least 27 moons in satellite around the planet.. The
Uranian moons are named for characters created by
Alexander Pope and William Shakespeare. For example,
Oberan, Titania and Miranda. All these moons are frozen with
dark surfaces and some are a mixture of ice and rock. Of the
Uranian moons, the most interesting is Miranda which has
ice canyons, terraces and many strange looking surface
area;
 Solar system
 Uranus

 Uranus has 13 presently known rings. All except two Uranian
are extremely narrow – they are usually a few kilometres
wide.; and
 Uranus’ axis is tilted almost 98°.
 Solar system
 Neptune or Neptunus


Due to its blue

coloration, Neptune
was named after the
Roman god of the
Sea.
 Solar system
 Neptune or Neptunus

 It takes Neptune 164.8 Earth years to orbit the Sun. On 11 July
2011, Neptune completed its first full orbit since its discovery in
1846. Neptune was discovered by Jean Joseph Le Verrier;
 The orbit path of Neptune is approximately 30 astronomical
units (AU) from the Sun;
 Neptune has a storm similar the Great Red Spot on Jupiter. It is
commonly known as the Great Dark Spot and is roughly the
size of Earth (called scooter);
 Neptune,s diameter is 49,528 km;
 Solar system
 Neptune or Neptunus

 Like the other outer planets, Neptune possesses a ring
system, though its rings are very faint.;
 Neptune has 14 known moons. The largest of these moons is
Triton;
 Neptune has an average surface temperature of -214°C;
 Neptune spins very quickly on its axis. The planet takes 18
hours to complete one rotation.