Scribd
Upload
20 views

Earthquake Hazards and Risk Reduction Methods

Uploaded by

Benedict Dela Cruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views

Earthquake Hazards and Risk Reduction Methods

Uploaded by

Benedict Dela Cruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Earthquake

Hazards and
Risk Reduction
Methods
Earthquakes are a powerful force of nature that can
cause widespread devastation. Understanding earthquake
hazards is crucial for mitigating risks and building
resilient communities.
Seismic Hazard Assessment: Evaluating
the Risks
Identifying Fault Zones Ground Motion Analysis Tsunami Risk

Seismic hazard assessment Experts analyze the expected The potential for tsunamis is
involves identifying active intensity and duration of also evaluated in coastal
faults and understanding ground shaking during an areas. Tsunami hazard
their potential for producing earthquake. This information assessments consider the
earthquakes. Geologists study is used to design earthquake- likelihood of earthquakes
the history of earthquakes in resistant structures and generating waves and the
a region to determine the infrastructure. potential impact on nearby
likelihood and magnitude of shorelines.
future events.
Structural Reinforcement:
Strengthening Buildings and
Infrastructure
1 Retrofitting Existing Structures 2 Strengthening Foundations
Buildings that were constructed Foundations play a crucial role in
before modern earthquake-resistant supporting buildings during an
codes can be strengthened through earthquake. Reinforcing foundation
retrofitting. This process involves systems can help prevent collapse and
adding new structural elements to minimize damage.
improve their ability to withstand
seismic forces.

3 Upgrading Infrastructure 4 Using Resilient Materials


Critical infrastructure, such as New buildings and infrastructure
bridges, roads, and pipelines, must should be constructed with materials
be designed and built to withstand that are known to be earthquake-
earthquake shaking. Upgrading resistant. These materials can help
existing infrastructure is essential to absorb and dissipate seismic
for maintaining essential services. energy.
Earthquake-Resistant Design:
Incorporating Safety Features
1 Base Isolation
Base isolation systems decouple a building from the ground, reducing
the amount of shaking that reaches the structure. This helps to protect
the building from damage during an earthquake.

2 Ductile Framing
Ductile framing systems are designed to bend and deform under stress
without breaking. This helps to prevent catastrophic failure during an
earthquake.

3 Shear Walls
Shear walls are strong, vertical elements that resist lateral forces.
They are crucial for providing stability and preventing the collapse of
buildings during earthquakes.

4 Flexible Connections
Flexible connections allow different parts of a building to move
independently during an earthquake. This helps to prevent damage by
reducing stress on the structure.
Disaster Preparedness: Planning and Emergency
Response
Emergency Plans Emergency Drills
Developing comprehensive emergency plans for individuals, Regular earthquake drills help to familiarize people with
families, businesses, and communities is critical for a emergency procedures, ensuring they know how to react in a
coordinated response to an earthquake. These plans should real-life scenario. Drills can include evacuation procedures,
include evacuation routes, communication strategies, and safety checks, and communication protocols.
supplies needed for survival.

Public Awareness Campaigns First Aid and CPR Training


Educating the public about earthquake hazards and preparedness Providing first aid and CPR training to individuals can equip
measures is essential. Public awareness campaigns can them with the skills to help themselves and others during an
disseminate valuable information on how to stay safe during and emergency. This training can be crucial for saving lives during
after an earthquake. a disaster.
Community Resilience: Fostering Disaster-Resilient
Neighborhoods

Community Engagement Neighborhood Disaster-Resistant Social Support Networks


Collaboration Housing
Involving residents in Supporting vulnerable
earthquake preparedness Establishing partnerships Encouraging the construction populations, such as seniors,
efforts is crucial. Community between community of earthquake-resistant children, and people with
engagement can help to foster organizations, businesses, housing in vulnerable disabilities, is critical.
a sense of responsibility and and government agencies can communities can help to Establishing social support
build a network of support. enhance coordination and reduce losses and ensure networks can ensure that
communication during an safer living environments. these individuals receive the
emergency. Collaborative This can involve providing assistance they need during
efforts can improve response incentives or implementing and after a disaster.
and recovery efforts. stricter building codes.
Earthquake Early Warning
Systems: Enhancing Rapid
Response
Seismic Wave Detection
Earthquake early warning systems rely on a network of sensors that
detect the initial seismic waves. These sensors are placed strategically
throughout a region to provide rapid detection.

Real-Time Analysis
The data from the sensors is transmitted to a central processing center,
where it is analyzed in real-time to estimate the earthquake's magnitude
and location.

Alert Distribution
Based on the analysis, alerts are issued to various recipients,
including emergency responders, public transit systems, and individual
users through mobile devices.

Rapid Response
The alerts provide valuable time for individuals and organizations to
take protective measures, such as stopping trains, activating emergency
procedures, and seeking cover.
Mitigation Strategies:
Reducing Earthquake Risks
and Losses
Structural Strengthening Retrofit existing buildings and
design new structures to
withstand seismic forces.

Land Use Planning Avoid building in areas with


high seismic risk and relocate
critical infrastructure to
safer locations.
Emergency Response Improve emergency preparedness,
response, and recovery systems
to minimize casualties and
damage.
Public Education Educate the public on
earthquake hazards, safety
measures, and emergency
procedures to promote
preparedness and reduce risk.

You might also like