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Complement System

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4 views

Complement System

Uploaded by

mncknnn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Complement system

Dr Niveditha
 Collection of soluble proteins and
membrane receptors
 Host defense against microbes
 C1 to C9
 Functions in both innate and
adaptive immunity
 Classical
 Alternative
 Lectin
Stages of complement
activation
 Intiation of the pathway
 Formation of C3 convertase
 Formation of C5 convertase
 Formation of MAC
Classical pathway

 Classsical pathway is Ab dependent


 IgM and IgG can bind to to
complements
 Intiation - Binding of C1 to Ag-Ab
complex
 C1q binds to with Fc portion OF IgM/
IgG
 C1s acts as esterase which cleave C4
to C4a and C4b , further complement
cascade , C14b2a – C3 convertase
Classical pathway
Alternate pathway

 Independent of antibody
 Part of innate immunity
 Requires serum proteins - factor B,
factor D and properdin
 C3 in serum hydrolyses
spontaneously – C3a,C3b
 C3b attaches to the surface of
antigen
Alternate pathway

 Factor B binds with C3b coated


foreign cells
 Factor D acts on factor B and cleaves
into Ba (diffuses) and Bb
 C3bBb is C3 convertase
Lectin pathway

 Ab Independent
 Mediated through lectin proteins of
host that interact with mannose
residues on microbial surface
 MBL is acute phase reactant protein ,
similar to C1q
 MBL associated serine protease
(MASP) gets complexed with MBL
Lectin pathway
Functions of complement
system
 Inflammation - C3a, C5a
 Opsonisation and phagocytosis –
C3b, C4b
 Cell lysis – MAC complex C5-9
Regulation of complement
pathways
 Complement systems are antigen
non specific
 Capable of attacking host cells
 Several regulatory mechanisms are
evolved to regulate their activity
 C1 INH
 DAF (decay accelerating factor)
C1 INH / C1 esterase
inhibitor
 Soluble glycoprotein
 Inhibits the action of C1q
 Classical pathway is inhibited
 Hereditary angioneurotic edema
DAF

 CD55 molecule
 Present on cell membrane
 Accelerates dissociation of C3
convertase
 Inhibits all three pathways
Complement deficiencies

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