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Concepts and Nature of Management

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22 views

Concepts and Nature of Management

Uploaded by

japhetyneema829
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture One

Concepts and Nature of Management


Expected Learning Outcomes
• Define the term management
• Understand the relationship between
management and administration
• Describe the nature of management
• Identify the importance of management in
Tanzania
• Explain the principles of management
Introduction
1. What is Management?
• Generic term and subject to many
interpretations.
• A number of different ideas are attributed to
its meaning.
• Some have attributed management as an art,
as science, as magic and as politics.
Management
Management as an art
• Assumption
• Successful managers are those born with
appropriate intuition, intelligence and
personality which develop through the
practice of leadership.
Management as Magic
• Assumption
• Successful managers are those who recognize
that nobody really knows what is going on and
who persuade others of their own powers by
calling up the appropriate gods and by
engaging in the expected rituals.
Management as Politics
• Assumption
• Successful managers are those who can work
out the unwritten laws of life in the
organizational jungle and are able to play the
game so that they win.
Management as Science
• Assumption
• Successful managers are those who have
learned the appropriate body of knowledge
and have developed an ability to apply
acquired skills and techniques.
Food for Thought!
Definition
• Management is the process of planning,
organizing, leading and controlling the work of
organization members and using all available
organizational resource to reach stated goals
Definition
• Management is the process undertaken by
one or more individuals to coordinate the
activities of others to achieve the results not
achievable by one individual acting alone
2. Management Vs Administration
• There is often confusion over different
interpretation of the two terms.
• Dictionaries tend to see the words as
synonymous.
• However, we have three different views on the
subject,
– Administration is different from management
– Administration is part of management
– Administration and management are one
Management Vs Administration
• Administration is the performance of tasks
needed to achieve predetermined goals
• For our purpose, administration is interpreted
as part of the management process and
concerned with the design and
implementation of systems and procedures to
help meet stated objectives.
3. Nature of management
• The following are the salient features which
highlight the nature of management;
– Management is universal
– Goal oriented
– Intangible
– Social process
– Multi acted discipline
– Continuous process
3. Nature of management
– Purposeful
– Group phenomenon
– Executive function
– Management makes things happen
4. Importance of Management
• Determination of objectives in an organization
• Achievement of group goals
• Human development
• Efficient use of resources
• Economic growth
• Development of the nation
• Stability
• Fulfillment of social obligations
4. Importance of Management
• Life- giving element
• Meeting challenges
• Balance between multiple goals
• Free competition
5. Principles of Management
• Principles refers to fundamental truth about a
concept that provides guide to action.
• Management principles tell about
administration of a business that is the way a
business should run.
• Principles underlying the field of management
help in evolving management theories and
making successful managers.
5. Principles of Management
• Principles serve as guide for management
thought.
• Henri Fayol has suggested 14 principles of
management in order to make the job of
management more effective and efficient;
– Division of work
– Authority and responsibility
– Discipline
– Unit of command
5. Principles of Management
– Unity of direction
– Subordination of individual interest to general interest
– Remuneration
– Centralization
– Scalar chain
– Order
– Equity
– Stability of tenure personnel
– Initiative
– Espirit de corps

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