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8 views

Computer

Uploaded by

maroine charity de roy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding computer It enables future-

components is essential proofing by identifying


for informed decision- upgradeable parts,
making when purchasing allows for customization
or upgrading hardware, to suit specific tasks, and
effective troubleshooting, ultimately enhances your
and optimizing system ability to use technology
performance. effectively while making
informed financial
choices.
CENTRAL
PROCESSING UNIT
(CPU)
DEFINITION: The CPU, often referred to as the "brain" of the computer, is the primary
component responsible for executing instructions and processing data.
FUNCTION: It performs arithmetic calculations, logical operations, and controls data flow
between the computer’s other components.
IMPORTANCE: The CPU's speed and efficiency significantly impact overall system
performance, determining how quickly programs run and how effectively multitasking can
occur.
HISTORY OF CENTAL
PROCESSING UNIT

In 1965 Gordon Moore co-founded Intel and made predictions


about the growth of transistor density on microchips, leading to
advancements in computer processing.

And during the year 1971 Intel released the 4004, the first
commercially available microprocessor, designed by Ted Hoff,
Federico Faggin, and Stanley Mazor. This marked the
beginning of the microprocessor era.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CENTAL
PROCESSING UNIT
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CENTAL
PROCESSING UNIT

•1955: The term “central processing unit” is


first used.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CENTAL
PROCESSING UNIT

•1971: Intel releases the


first commercially
available microprocessor,
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CENTAL
PROCESSING UNIT

•1974: Intel releases the widely used 8080


microprocessor.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CENTAL
PROCESSING UNIT

•1980s-1990s: SIMD execution units emerge for general-


purpose processors.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CENTAL
PROCESSING UNIT

•2000s: Multi-core CPUs become mainstream, leading to significant


performance gains.
DEFINITION: The main circuit board connecting all components.
FUNCTION: Acts as the backbone of the computer, providing slots and connectors for
hardware components, and facilitating data transfer between them.
IMPORTANCE: Determines the system's compatibility and upgrade potential; a high-
quality motherboard can enhance performance and support advanced features like
overclocking and multiple GPUs.
DEFINITION: A type of volatile memory used for temporarily storing data that is actively being
processed by the computer.
FUNCTION: Provides fast read and write access, enabling quick retrieval of instructions and
supporting multitasking.
IMPORTANCE: Directly affects performance and user experience; insufficient RAM can slow down
the system and hinder multitasking capabilities.
DEFINITION: Input devices are hardware used to enter data and commands into a computer, while
output devices convey information from the computer to the user.
Input Devices Examples: Keyboard, mouse, microphone, and scanner enable users to interact with
the computer and provide data or commands.
Output Devices Examples: Monitor, printer, and speakers present processed information in a
readable or usable format, allowing users to receive feedback from their commands and applications.
IMPORTANCE: Input and output devices are essential for user interaction with computers, enabling
effective data entry and feedback, which enhances productivity and accessibility.
DEFINITION: A system designed to dissipate heat generated by computer components, ensuring
optimal operating temperatures
FUNCTION: Prevents overheating by using fans, heat sinks, or liquid cooling to maintain
performance and prolong hardware lifespan.
Importance: Effective cooling is crucial for system stability, performance, and reliability,
especially during high-intensity tasks like gaming or video editing.
DEFINITION: A specialized processor designed to handle rendering and displaying graphics.
FUNCTION: Accelerates the creation of images, animations, and video, allowing for smooth
rendering in games and graphic-intensive applications.
IMPORTANCE: A powerful GPU enhances visual performance, supports high-resolution displays,
and is essential for tasks like gaming, video editing, and 3D modeling.
DEFINITION: A hardware component that connects a computer to a network, allowing it to
communicate with other devices.
FUNCTION: Facilitates both wired (Ethernet) and wireless (Wi-Fi) connectivity, enabling data
transmission over local networks and the internet.
IMPORTANCE: Essential for network communication, a NIC ensures stable and fast connections,
impacting overall network performance and the ability to access resources or services.
DEFINITION: A component that converts electrical power from an outlet into usable power for
the computer's internal components..
FUNCTION: Distributes the appropriate voltage and current to the motherboard, CPU, GPU, and
other hardware.
IMPORTANCE: A reliable PSU ensures system stability and efficiency, affecting overall
performance and the ability to support upgrades and high-demand components.
STORAGE

DEFINITION: A component that retains digital data and files, allowing for long-term storage and
retrieval.
FUNCTION: Stores the operating system, applications, and user data, enabling access and use
when needed.
IMPORTANCE: adequate storage capacity and speed are crucial for system performance,
influencing boot times, load times, and overall responsiveness.
Types: Common types include Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) and Solid State Drives (SSDs).
VS
SOLID STATE DRIVES
(SSDS)
 Flash memory storage with no moving
. HARD DISK DRIVES
(HDDS)
 Mechanical storage device using spinning
parts disks
Faster read/write speeds (up to 5000 Slower read/write speeds (typically 80-
MB/s or more) 160 MB/s)
More durable; resistant to shock and More prone to physical damage due to
vibration moving parts
Lower power consumption Higher power usage due to mechanical
The interaction between computer components can be compared to human anatomy, where the
brain functions like the CPU, sending signals through the nervous system (motherboard) to
muscles (output devices) when performing tasks like picking up a glass of water. The brain
processes visual information from the eyes (input devices) and relies on memories stored in
long-term memory (storage) and short-term memory (RAM) for immediate actions. The
circulatory system, similar to the power supply unit, ensures that muscles receive the necessary
energy. This analogy highlights how both systems work together harmoniously to achieve a goal
emphasizing their interdependent roles.
CATOR,KYLA MICAH M
BSIT- 1102

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