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Chapter # 5

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11 views

Chapter # 5

Uploaded by

salmanahmad2905
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Applied Physics

Review
1. Measurements
 SI Units
 Changing Units
 Length
 Time
 Mass
 Density :
Applied Physics
Review
2. Motion Along a Straight Line
Motion
Position
Displacement
Speed, Average Speed
Velocity, Average Velocity
Applied Physics
Review
2. Motion Along a Straight Line
Instantaneous Velocity and Speed
Acceleration, Constant Acceleration
Equations of Motion
Applied Physics
Review
3. Vectors
Vectors and Scalars
Adding Vectors Geometrically
Components of Vectors
Unit Vectors
Adding Vectors by Components
Applied Physics
Review
3. Vectors
Multiplying Vectors*
Multiplying a Vector by a Scalar
Multiplying a Vector by a Vector
The Scalar Product
The Vector Product
Applied Physics
Lecture # 1
Chapter # 5
Force and Motion-1
Content
• Lecture # 1
• Newton’s laws of motion
• Some common forces (Weight, Normal Reaction, Tension,
Force of Friction
• Application of Newton’s 2nd law (Problem solving strategy)
• Sample problems
Newton’s Laws
• 1st Law: An object at rest will remain at rest and an
object in motion continues in motion with constant
velocity if no external force acts on it.

• 2nd Law: The acceleration of an object is directly


proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely
proportional to its mass

• 3rd Law: Every action has an equal but opposite reaction


Some Common Forces
Here are some forces which we must deal with in our daily life.

• Weight of an object
• Normal reaction
• Tension in a string
• Friction between two surfaces
Weight

It is the gravitational force with which


earth attracts every object towards its
center, therefore, weight is always
directed straight downward in every
problem.

W=mg
N
Normal force

It is the reaction force from the floor


or any other surface against which the
object is being pushed, therefore,
normal reaction is always directed at
90 degrees to the surface.

W=mg
N

Tension
T
In a single string magnitude of
tension force is same at each
point and is directed away from
the object to which the string is
connected.
W=mg
Application of Newton’s 2nd law to find
unknown force or acceleration in a problem
N
Problem solving strategy:
• Draw the free body diagram (FBD) for the problem, i.e., indicate all
the forces acting on the body.
• Then write down known and unknown quantities (N, mg, T, f s, a, T
).
• For a body under the action of several forces we can write fs
Newton’s 2nd law

• For 2-dimensional problem, we can write the above equation for x


and y directions separately as

W=mg

• This gives us two equations which can be solved together to find


the values of unknowns. For example,
Solution N
Part (a) Part (b)

put put

Substituting the values, we get


Substituting the values, we get

𝑚𝑔
mg

c os
𝜃
i n 𝜃
𝑚 𝑔s
N

Part (c)

Now the string is removed, so


the block will accelerate down
the plan.
a

𝑚𝑔
mg

c os
Substituting the values, we get

𝜃
i n 𝜃
𝑚 𝑔s
Applying Newton’s second law on the traffic light signal, we get

Now applying Newton’s second law to the joint, in x-direction

And in y-direction

Solving equations 1, 2 and 3, we get and , therefore, the strings


will not break, and the traffic light will remain hanging.
Practice problems
Chapter#5 Problems: 13, 17, 34, 48, 49, 51, 53, 55, 56, 57, 64, 69
From the book:
Fundamentals of Physics, 10th edition (extended)
Authors: Halliday, Resnick, Walker

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