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Biomedical Waste Management

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Arpita Saha
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24 views34 pages

Biomedical Waste Management

Uploaded by

Arpita Saha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Biomedical Waste

Management (BMWM)

Arpita Saha Ghosh


Assistant Professor
Desun College of Nursing
INTRODUCTION

Any waste, which is generated during diagnosis,


treatment or immunization of human beings or
animals or in research activities pertaining there to or
in production or testing of biological or in health
camps.
PURPOSE OF BMW MANAGEMENT

• To prevent the environment from being a reservoir and


vehicle for the spread of microorganisms involved in
HAIs (Hospital Acquired Infections).

• To guide the handling of contaminated solid


and liquid waste material.
Terminologies
related to
Biomedical Waste Management
"Authorization" means permission granted by the prescribed authority for the
generation, collection, reception, storage, transportation, treatment, processing,
disposal or any other form of handling of bio-medical waste in accordance with
these rules and guidelines issued by the Central Government or Central
Pollution Control Board as the case may be.
"Authorized person" means an occupier or operator authorized by the
prescribed authority to generate, collect, receive, store, transport, treat, process,
dispose or handle bio-medical waste in accordance with these rules and the
guidelines issued by the Central Government or the Central Pollution Control
Board, as the case may be.
"Bio-medical waste(BMW)” -means any waste, which is generated
during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or
animals or research activities pertaining thereto or in the production
or testing of biological or in health camps.

“Handling”- in relation to bio-medical waste includes the generation,

sorting, segregation, collection, use, storage, packaging,

loading, transportation, unloading, processing, treatment, destruction,

conversion, or offering for sale, transfer, disposal of such waste.


“Management”- includes all steps required to ensure
that bio- medical waste is managed in such a manner as to protect health
and environment against any adverse effects due to handling of such
waste;
"Occupier" -means a person having administrative control over the
institution and the premises generating bio-medical waste, which
includes a hospital, nursing home, clinic, dispensary, veterinary
institution, animal house, pathological laboratory, blood bank, health
care facility and clinical establishment, irrespective of their system of
medicine and by whatever name they are called;
“Prescribed authority” mean the State Pollution Control Board in
respect of State and Pollution Control Committee in respect of Union
Territory.

“Point of Generation” means the location where wastes initially


generate, accumulate and is under the control of the operator of the
waste-generating process.

“Storage” means the holding of bio medical waste for a temporary


period at the end of which the bio-medical waste is treated or disposed.

“Treatment” means any method, technique, or process, including


neutralization, designed to change the physical, chemical, or biological
characteristics or composition of any hazardous waste.
STANDARD ABBRIVIATIONS RELATED TO BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

• HCF : Health Care Facility

• BMW : Bio Medical Waste

• CBWTF : Common Bio Medical Waste Treatment Facility

• NHSRC : National Health System Resource Centre

• CPCB : Central Pollution Control Board

• SPCB : State Pollution Control Board


• PPE : Personal Protective Equipment
• ETP : Effluent Treatment Plant
STANDARD ABBRIVIATIONS RELATED TO BIOMEDICAL WASTE
MANAGEMENT

• SMTAC : State Monitoring cum Technical Advisory Committee


• DMTAC : District Monitoring cum Technical Advisory Committee
• DQT : District Quality Team
• WHO : World Health Organization
• C&D : Construction & Demolition
• E-waste : Electronic Waste
• EEE : Electrical and Electronic Equipment
BMW GENERATING AREAS
BMW Rules 2016

TITLE
Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016:

Promulgation: 28th March ‘16

APPLICATION

To all persons who generate, collect, receive, store,


transport, treat, dispose, or handle bio medical waste in
any form.
BMW Rules 2016:
DUTIES OF OCCUPIER
• To provide a safe, ventilated and secured location for storage of
segregated BMW within premises.

• Phase out use of chlorinated plastic bags, gloves and blood bags
within two years from the date of notification of these rules.

• Provide training to all its health care workers and others involved in
handling of bio medical waste.

• Immunization against Hepatitis B and tetanus for workers.

• Establish a Bar-Code System for bags or containers containing bio-


medical waste to be sent out of the premises
BMW Rules 2016:
DUTIES OF OPERATOR
• Report major accidents and remedial measures to SPCB,
• Ensure timely collection of BMW from healthcare facilities.
• Handing over of recyclable waste to after treatment by autoclaving and incineration
• Establish bar coding and GPS for handling within one year
• Assist health care facilities in training of workers
• Upgradation of existing incinerators and achievement of standards for secondary
chamber

TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL

No healthcare facility shall setup onsite BMW treatment facilities if a CBMWTF exists
WHO ARE AT RISK OF INJURIES
Waste generated from the healthcare facility is
classified as:

a. Bio Medical Waste

b. General Waste

c. Other Wastes
a) Bio Medical Waste-

Bio-medical waste means any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or

immunization of human beings or animals or research activities pertaining thereto or in the production

or testing of biological or in health camps. Bio-Medical waste includes all the waste generated from the

Health Care Facility which can have any adverse effect to the health of a person or to the environment in

general if not disposed properly. All such waste which can adversely harm the environment or health of

a person is considered as infectious and such waste has to be managed as per BMWM Rules, 2016.
b)General Waste
General waste consists of all the waste other than bio-medical waste and which has not been in contact
with any hazardous or infectious,
chemical or biological secretions and does not includes any waste sharps. This waste consists of mainly:
(i) News paper, paper and card boxes (dry waste)
(ii) Plastic water bottles (dry waste)
(iii) Aluminium cans of soft drinks (dry waste)
(iv) Packaging materials (dry waste)
(v) Food Containers after emptying residual food (dry waste)
(vi) Organic / Bio-degradable waste - mostly food waste (wet waste)
(vii) Construction and Demolition wastes

These general wastes are further classified as dry wastes and wet wastes and should be collected
separately.
This quantity of such waste is around 85 % to 90 % of total waste generated from the facility. Such waste
is
c) Other Wastes- Other wastes consist of used electronic wastes,
used batteries, and radio-active wastes which are not covered under
biomedical wastes but have to be disposed as and when such wastes
are generated as per the provisions laid down under E-Waste
(Management) Rules, 2016, Batteries (Management & Handling)
Rules, 2001, and Rules/guidelines under Atomic Energy Act, 1962
respectively.
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON CATEGORIES
Option Waste category
Category no.1 Human Anatomical
Waste
Category no.2 Animal Waste
Category no.3 Microbiology and
biotechnology waste
Category no.4 Waste sharps

Category no.5 Discarded medicines


and Cytotoxic drugs
Category no.6 Soiled Waste
Category no.7 Solid waste

Category no.8 Liquid waste

Category no.9 Incineration Ash


Category no.10 Chemical Waste
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON COLOURS OF SEGREGATION
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN BY HANDLERS

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