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Chapter 1-Common Fields of It

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Chapter 1-Common Fields of It

Uploaded by

abuganmariful9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTING

COMMON FIELDS
The modern world of computation is too
vast for anyone to master all the details.
Not only has the design of computer
hardware and software grown incredibly
complex, but computing devices are being
applied to solve problems in all aspects of
modern life. A wide range of skills are
required to build a computational device,
develop software for it, decide how to
make use of it and actually put it to use.
1. Computer
EngineeringEngineers research,
Computer design,
develop and test computer chips, circuit
boards, computer systems, and related
equipment. They need to understand
computer programming, as they are the ones
who design the hardware that runs programs,
but in general, their work is more focused on
the hardware itself.
2. Computer Science
Computer Science is not focused on the study of
computers themselves. Instead, computer scientists
are more concerned with understanding what problems
can be solved with computation and how we can most
efficiently and appropriately solve those problems with
algorithms. (An algorithm is simply a step by step
process for solving a problem.)

Computer science tends to have a more theoretical focus


than other computing disciplines. There is a core to the
discipline that is closely related to ideas in math and logic.
But the discipline also applies those theoretical tools to solve
specific problems in areas from artificial intelligence, to
graphics, to simulations, and many others.

Career can be Software Developer & Computer Research


3. Software Engineering
Software engineering is concerned with developing and
maintaining software systems that behave reliably and
efficiently, are affordable to develop and maintain, and satisfy
the requirements of the users. It has developed to meet the
needs of industry for graduates capable of working in teams on
large software systems

Computer Science is concerned about learning how to use


computation to solve new problems in many different areas, Software
Engineering is more concerned with mastering a specific set of skills
required to design and develop reliable software projects. If you need
someone to design a new way for computers to render more complex
graphics in video games or solve new problems in computational
biology, you want a computer scientist. If you want someone to help
build a new application that is going to be a commercial project and be
4. Information Technology
Information Technology is sometimes used to any career
involving computers, in the world of education it has a more
specific meaning - the skill set required to put computers to
work in a business or other organization.
IT professionals have the responsibility for installing and
maintaining hardware and software products as well as to
integrate those products with each other to meet organizational
needs.
IT professional - they need to understand the basics of
networking, programming, operating systems, computer
hardware, and security
Career are Computer Support Specialist, Network and
5. Information Systems
Information Systems attacks the same basic problem as
Information Technology, in that it is focused on making
computer technology work for people and organizations.
IT is more concerned with the technology itself, Information
Systems focuses more on business related issues. They are
interested in questions like: “What information does the
enterprise need?”, “How is that information generated?”, “Is it
delivered to the people who need it? Is it presented to them in
ways that permit them to use it readily?”
Information Systems degrees generally have a blend of courses
in technology, business, and communications
Career is Computer System Analyst
6. Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity is a cross-disciplinary field that is concerned
with preventing missuses of computational devices and data. It
is a relatively new discipline that arose out of a realization that
a system is only as secure as its weakest link - and thus
keeping systems secure requires a comprehensive approach.
Cybersecurity careers focusing on cryptography or advanced
software based security (malware analysis), a specialized
background in CS or SE may be required. Some computer
science programs offer tracks in cybersecurity that would be
appropriate for these kinds of careers.
7. Data Science
Data Science is a new, and rapidly growing inter-disciplinary
field of study. It focuses on using a combination of computation
and mathematics to answer questions and solve problems
using large amounts of data.
A data scientist will be responsible for gathering data and
then using it to find trends, make forecasts, and
communicate information. To do this, they will write
computer programs, apply various mathematical
techniques from statistics, calculus, and linear algebra,
and make use of advanced tools like machine learning
algorithms.

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