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Amino Acids Structure

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6 views

Amino Acids Structure

Uploaded by

abdelrahmanayman140
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Amino acids

Amino Acids
• Amino acids are a group of organic compounds containing two
functional groups— amino and carboxyl.

• The amino group (—NH2) is basic while the carboxyl group


(—COOH) is acidic in nature.

• Amino acids bind to each other by peptide bond and form


proteins.
General structure of amino
Acids
Carboxyl group

Amino group
Classification of amino acids

The classification of amino acids are done in various criteria such


as

1. Based on Structure
2. Based on Polarity
3. Based on Nutritional requirements
Classification of amino acids based on
Structure
Based of structure amino acids are classified into 7.

1. Amino acids with aliphatic side chains.


( Example: glycine, alanine, valine, leucine)

2. Hydroxyl group containing amino acids.


( Example :Serine, threonine)

3. Sulfur containing amino acids


(Example : Cysteine)

4. Acidic amino acids


(Example : Aspartic acid and glutamic acid)
5. Basic amino acids.
( Example: lysine, arginine)

6. Aromatic amino acids


( Example :Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan

7. Imino acids (It has an imino group (=NH), instead of an amino group (–NH2)
(Example : proline)
Classification of amino acids based on Polarity

Amino Acids

Based on
Polarity

2. Polar amino 3. Polar amino 4. Polar amino


1. Non-polar amino acids with no acids with positive acids with negative
acids. charge on ‘R’ charge on ‘R’ charge on ‘R’
group. group. group.
(Example : alanine, (Example: lysine,
leucine, isoleucine) (Example: glycine, arginine and (Example: glutamic
serine, threonine) histidine) acid )
Classification of amino acids based on
nutritional requirements

Amino Acids

Based on nutritional
requirements

1. Essential amino 2. Non essential


acids. amino acids

(Example :Arginine (Example: glycine,


, Valine, Histidine, ) alanine, serine)
Peptide bond Formation
• The amino acids are held together in a protein
by covalent peptide bonds or linkages. These
bonds are rather strong and serve as the
cementing material between the individual
amino acids.

• The peptide bond is rigid and planar with


partial double bond in character.

• It generally exists in trans configuration. Both


–C=O and –NH groups of peptide bonds are
polar and are involved in hydrogen bond
formation.

• When the amino group of an amino acid


combines with the carboxyl group of another
amino acid, a peptide bond is formed

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