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#11 - Complex Sentence

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9 views

#11 - Complex Sentence

Uploaded by

Faruq Kurniawan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SENTENCES

GIC_Meeting 11_2024
#1: Simple Sentence
 A simple sentence has one
subject and one verb

I like to study grammar.
 A simple sentence is also called an
independent clause.
 An independent clause ends
with a period or semicolon.
One
subjec
t

I love
you. One
verb

Independent clause: only one subject and one


verb
#2: Compound
Sentence
 A compound sentence is made up
of two or more simple sentences
joined by one of the following:

A comma and one of the FANBOYS

I like to study grammar, and I love this class.

A semicolon

I like to study grammar; I love this class.

A semicolon and a transitional

I like to study grammar; therefore, I love this
class.
Independe
nt clause

I love you, and you love


me. Independen
t clause

Two independent clauses joined


together
#3: Complex Sentence
 A complex sentence is a simple
sentence (independent clause) to
which a part of a sentence
(dependent clause) has been added.
 Because I like to study grammar, I
love this class.
 I love this class because I like to
study grammar.
Dependent
clause

Because you love me, I love


you.
Independent
clause

A dependent clause joined to an independent


clause. (The dependent clause needs the
rest of the sentence for support.)
Fragment
!
Because you love
me.
A dependent clause contains a subject and verb. It
begins with a subordinating conjunction, and thus it
does not express a completed thought. A dependent
clause is also called a subordinate clause.

Dependent clauses, like babies, cannot stand


alone.
A Tip on Punctuation
 Since dependent clauses are only
part of a sentence, you can never
connect them to another sentence
with a semicolon. Semicolons are
only used between two independent
clauses.
 I have loved you for years ; although
No!
I
never admitted it.
 I have loved you for years, although
OK
I
never admitted it.
Common Subordinating
(Dependent) Conjunctions

after even if now that that where


althoug even once thoug whereas
h though h
as if rather unless wherev
than er
as if wheneve since until whether
r
becaus in order so that when which
e that
before than in while
Transitional Words or
Phrases
 Transitional words or phrases connect one idea to another.

To Show Chronological Order -afterward, again, also, as long as, as
soon as, at last, before, besides, earlier, equally important, furthermore,
meanwhile, moreover, simultaneously, soon, then, therefore, too, until,
when

To Indicate Spatial Order -above, below, beyond, elsewhere, farther
on, here, near, nearby

To Connect Examples or Show Emphasis -for example, for instance,
in fact, of course, specifically, such as

To Compare and Contrast -in comparison, also, likewise, similarly,
although, on the contrary, and yet, but, despite, even so, however, yet

To Trace Cause and Effect -because, consequently, otherwise, since,
then, therefore

To Summarize -in short, in simpler terms, in summary, that is, to
summarize
#4:
Compound/Complex
Sentence
 A compound/complex sentence is
the last and most complicated type
of sentence.
 It contains at least one dependent
clause and at least two
independent clauses.
Dependent
clause

Because we are a family,


I love you, and you love
me.

2 independent
clauses

A dependent clause added to two or more independent


clauses
Connectors for Compound-
Complex Sentences
The complex and simple sentences may be
joined by a coordinating
conjunction(FANBOYS) or conjunctive adverbs.
Examples of Conjunctive Adverbs:

furthermore, meanwhile, therefore, hence,

moreover, thus, however, and nevertheless


Examples of Coordinating Conjunctions:

for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.


Examples
 Although thought to be
indestructible, the Twin
Towers fell on Sept. 11,
2001, and that forever
changed the NYC
skyline.
Self-Check

 Write a compound-complex sentence. Then,


investigate it.
 Does your sentence have at least 2 independent
clauses? Underline them.
 Are your sentences joined by a conjunction? Draw
a box around it.
 Does your sentence have a dependent clause?
Circle it.
 Does your dependent clause start with a
transitional word or phrase? Draw a box around it.
Since every sentence in English
fits into one of these four
categories,
Simple Compound

Complex Compound/
complex

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