Multiplexer and Demultiplexer

Multiplexer (MUX)
• A MUX is a digital switch that
Multiplexer
has multiple inputs (sources) Block Diagram
and a single output
(destination).
• The select lines determine 2N 1

MUX
Inputs Output
which input is connected to the (sources) (destination)

output.
• MUX Types N
 2-to-1 (1 select line)
Select
 4-to-1 (2 select lines) Lines
 8-to-1 (3 select lines)
 16-to-1 (4 select lines)
MULTIPLEXERS

Multiplexer
Typical Application of a MUX
Multiple Sources Selector Single Destination

MP3 Player
Docking Station

D0
Laptop
D1

MUX
Sound Card Y
D2

D3

Surround Sound System

Digital B A Selected Source

Satellite
0 0 MP3
0 1 Laptop
1 0 Satellite
Digital
1 1 Cable TV
Cable TV
4
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4-to-1 Multiplexer (MUX)

D0

MUX
D1
Y
D2

D3

B A

B A Y

0 0 D0

0 1 D1

1 0 D2

1 1 D3
Y=A’B’D0+AB’D1+A’BD2+ABD3
S0=0, s1=1
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4-to-1 Multiplexer Waveforms

D0

D1
Input
Data
D2

D3

A
Select
Line
B

Output
Y Data
D0 D1 D2 D3 D0 D1 D2 D3
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Medium Scale Integration MUX

4-to-1 MUX 8-to-1 MUX 16-to-1 MUX

Inputs Output (Y)

(and inverted output)

Select
Enable

Y=A’B’Ç’D0+A’B’CD1+A’B C’D2
Combinational Logic Design Using Multiplexers
Use of multiplexers offers the following advantages:
1.Simplification of logic expression is not required.
2. It minimises the IC package count.
3. Logic design is simplified.
 10

Implement of logic expression using

MUX
• For using the multiplexer as a logic element, either the
truth table or one of the standard forms of logic
expression must be available.
The design procedure is given below:
• 1. Identify the decimal number corresponding to each
minterm in the expression.
• The input lines corresponding to these numbers are to be
connected to logic 1 level.
• 2. All other input lines are to be connected to logic 0 level.
• 3. The inputs are to be applied to select lines.
Implement the expression using a multiplexer.
f(A, B, C, D) = Σ m(0, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 12, 14)
Since there are four variables, therefore, a multiplexer with four
select inputs is required. The circuit of 16:1 multiplexer connected to
implement the above expression

All mean terms are connected with logic 1 and remaining inputs are
connected with logic 0.
 18

Demultiplexer (DEMUX)
• A DEMUX is a digital switch
Demultiplexer
with a single input (source) Block Diagram
and a multiple outputs
(destinations).

DEMUX
• The select lines determine 1 2N
Input Outputs
which output the input is (source) (destinations)

connected to.
• DEMUX Types N
 1-to-2 (1 select line) Select
 1-to-4 (2 select lines) Lines
 1-to-8 (3 select lines)
 1-to-16 (4 select lines)
DEMULTIPLEXERS/DECODERS AND THEIR USE IN COMBINATIONAL LOGIC
DESIGN
Demultiplexer
Typical Application of a DEMUX
Single Source Selector Multiple Destinations

B/W Laser
Printer

Fax
Machine

D0

DEMUX
X D1

D2 Color Inkjet
Printer
D3

B A Selected Destination
0 0 B/W Laser Printer Pen
Plotter
0 1 Fax Machine
1 0 Color Inkjet Printer
1 1 Pen Plotter

20
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1-to-4 De-Multiplexer (DEMUX)

D0

DEMUX
D1
X
D2

D3

B A

B A D0 D1 D2 D3

0 0 X 0 0 0

0 1 0 X 0 0

1 0 0 0 X 0

1 1 0 0 0 X
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1-to-4 De-Multiplexer Waveforms

X Input
Data

S0
Select
Line
S1

D0

D1
Output
Data
D2

D3
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Medium Scale Integration DEMUX

1-to-4 DEMUX 1-to-8 DEMUX 16-to-1 MUX

Select
Outputs
(inverted)
Input
(inverted)

Most Medium Scale Integrated (MSI) DEMUXs have inverted

outputs. This is done because it requires few logic gates to
implement DEMUXs with inverted outputs rather than no-
inverted outputs.
Available Demultiplexer ICs
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