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CYCAS

slides on cycas

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nahdiaabdullah133
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31 views16 pages

CYCAS

slides on cycas

Uploaded by

nahdiaabdullah133
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Start with the name of ALLAH

ALMIGHTY

BOTANY PRESENTATION

GROUP MEMBERS;
• MARIA JAVED
• MARYAM AKRAM
• NAHDIA ABDULLAH
PRESENTATION ON;

CYCAS
CONTENTS;

 INTRODUCTION
 SYSTEMATIC POSITION
 EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY
 REPRODUCTION
 LIFE CYCLE
 CYCAS A LIVING FOSSIL
 ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
Introduction

• Genus of gymnosperm
• In Greek word kykos means
PALM/COCOPALM
• Cycas revolute known as Soga
palm
• Flourish in mezozoic era in Triassic
period.
• Classification and
distribution
systematic position;
kingdom plantae
clad gymnosperm
phylum cycadophyta
class cycadopsida
order cycadales
family cycadaceae
genus cycas
about 113 species
cycas circinalis
cycas revoluta
MORPHOLOGY
• PLANT BODY HETEROSPOROUS SPORORPHYTE
• ROOT
• STEM
• LEAVES
• STEM;
Short, tuberous, unbranched
Covered with tough leaves bases
• LEAVES;
Pinnately compounds and exhibit the circinate
vernation
Leaf structure;

Circinate vernation Pinnately leaves


Roots;
There are two types of roots:
1- NORMAL ROOTS 2- CORALLOID ROOTS
geotropically apogeotropically
REPRODUCTION IN CYCAS
Two types of reproduction:
• Vegetative reproduction
• Sexual reproduction
Vegetative reproduction
• It takes place by adventitious
buds or bulbils.
• These buds grow into new
plants.
Sexual Reproduction:

• Cycas is dioecious having male and


female cone on different plants.
• Male cone:
• Borne on terminal part of stem
• Consists of several microsporophylls
arranged spirally around central cone
axis.
Reproduction
• Microsporophylls:
• They are flat leaf-like with narrow
bases and expanded upper portion.
• On the base there are many groups of
microsporangia called sori.
• Male gametophyte:
• Microspore develops into the pollen
grain which develop into male
gametophyte
Reproduction
Female cone:
They are very large and formed of
megasporophylls.
Megasporophylls:
The female cone has loosely arranged
megasporophyll.
Ovules are attached to lateral side of
megasporophylls.
Female Gametophyte:
megaspores present in ovule develop into
female gametophyte.
• Pollination and Fertilization:
• Pollen grains are carried towards ovule.
• They develop into male gamete which
fertilize the female gamete to form zygote.
FEMALE CONE
LIFE CYCLE OF CYCAS:
Cycas a living fossil
They are regarded as living fossil
because of their constant features.
They are existed for about 200 million
years since the age of dinosaurs.
Some of the features they retain are as
follow:

• Ovule are large and naked


• Sporangia form sori
• Sperms are motile
• Bore fern like leaves that bore seeds
on the leaves
• Megasporophylls are both in cycas
and ferns are leaf like
• Stem have thick cortex
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
Cycas is economically important as
followings:
1. Leaf artistry
2. Floral decoration
3. Medical uses
4. Source of food starch and fatty
acids
5. Alcoholic drinks
6. Paper production

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