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P and C Charts.

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Hannah Zoe Mongaya
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13 views

P and C Charts.

Uploaded by

Hannah Zoe Mongaya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control charts

for attributes
CONTROL CHARTS FOR ATTRIBUTES

 Used for quality characteristics that are counted rather than


measured.
 Attributes are discrete in nature and entail simple yes-or-no decisions.
 Two of the most common types of control charts for attributes are p-
charts and c-charts.
P CHART
 Used to measure the proportion of items in a sample that are
defective.
 P-charts: Used when observations are placed in either of two groups.
Examples:
● Defective or not defective
● Good or bad
● Broken or not broken
FORMULA
Control limit
Total number of defective items
CL= p = Total number of observations
NUMBER OF NUMBER OF EXAMPLE:
FRACTION A production manager at a tire manufacturing plant has
SAMPLE DEFECTIVE OBSERVATIONS inspected the number of defective tires in 20 random
NUMBER TIRES SAMPLED DEFECTIVE samples with 20 observations each. Following are the
1 3 20 0.15
0.15 number of defective tires found in each sample:
2 2 20 0.10
3 1 20 0.05
4 2 20 0.10 CENTER LINE
5 1 20 0.05
6 3 20 0.15
7 3 20 0.15
8 2 20 0.10
9 1 20 0.05
10 2 20 0.10
11 3 20 0.15
12 2 20 0.10
13 2 20 0.10
14 1 20 0.05
15 1 20 0.05
16 2 20 0.10
17 4 20 0.20
18 3 20 0.15
19 1 20 LCL
0.05
20 1 20 0.05
TOTAL 40 400 0.10
FRACTION P Chart
DEFECTIVE 0.25
0.15
0.10
0.20
0.05 0.2
0.10
0.05

FRACTION DEFECTIVe
0.15 0.15
0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 PROCESS IS
0.15 IN CONTROL
0.10
0.05 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
0.1
0.10
0.15
0.10 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
0.05
0.10
0.05
0.05 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
0.10
SAMPLE NUMBER
0.20
0.15
UCL CL LCL P
0.05
0.05
0.10
A production manager at a Talyer Manufacturing has inspected the number
of defective plastic cups in 5 random samples of 20 observations each.
Following are the number of defective cups found in each sample:

SAMPLE NUMBER OF NUMBER OF FRACTION


DEFECTS OBSERVATION IN DEFECTIVE
SAMPLE

1 3 20

2 1 20

3 3 20

4 4 20

5 3 20
A production manager at a Talyer Manufacturing has inspected the number
of defective plastic cups in 5 random samples of 20 observations each.
Following are the number of defective cups found in each sample:

SAMPLE NUMBER OF NUMBER OF FRACTION


DEFECTS OBSERVATION IN DEFECTIVE
SAMPLE

1 3 20 0.15

2 1 20 0.05

3 3 20 0.15

4 4 20 0.20

5 3 20 0.15

14 100
C-CHARTS

 A control chart used to monitor the number of defects per unit.


 The types of units of measurement we are considering are a period
of time, a surface area, or a volume of liquid.
FORMULA

CENTER LINE OR AVERAGE NUMBER OF DEFECTS

LC
L
WEEK NUMBER OF
COMPLAINTS
The number of weekly customer
1 3 complaints are monitored at a large
hotel using a c-chart. Complaints have
2 2
been recorded over the past 20 weeks.
3 3
Z=3
4 1
5 3
6 3
7 2
8 1 TOTAL =44
9 3
10 1 44
11 3 20
12 4
13 2
C = 2.2
14 1
LC
15 1
16 1
L
17 3
18 2
19 2
20 3
COMPLAINTS
1 3 C=Chart
2 2 7
3 3
4 1 6
5 3

NUMBER OF COMPLAINTS
6 3 5
7 2
8 1 4
4

9 3 THE
10 1 3
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 PROCESS IS
11 3 IN
12 4 2
2 2 2 2 2 CONTROL
13 2
14 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1

15 1
16 1 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
17 3
18 2 WEEK
19 2
COMPLAINTS UCL CL LCL
20 3
Pharmally uses a c-chart to monitor patient complaints per week.
Complaints have been recorded over the past ten weeks. Z=3.

WEEK NUMBER OF COMPLAINTS

1 3
2 4
3 1
4 2
5 0
6 2
7 3
8 1
9 1
10 3
THANK YOU
FOR WATCHING

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