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Module 2

Uploaded by

hsbasavaraja03
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 2:Analysis of Coplanar Concurrent Force

System
Generally a body is subjected to a system of forces. Here we deal with the bodies
subjected to coplanar concurrent force system. A coplanar concurrent force system
consists of forces in a plane acting at a point. The forces acting at a point may be
converging or diverging or both.

Forces diverging Forces converging Forces diverging and


converging
Definition of resultant force
If a number of forces F1, F2, F3………. are simultaneously acting on a particle, then
these forces can be replaced by a single force called the resultant force, which
would produce the same effect as produced by all the given forces. Figure (a) below
shows a number of forces acting simultaneously at a point O. all these forces can be
replaced by a single resultant force passing through the same point O as in figure (b)

Figure (a) Figure (b)


Composition of forces
The process of finding the resultant force of a given system of forces is called

composition of forces. The different methods available for finding the resultant are

graphical (parallelogram, triangle, polygon laws) and analytical (composition and

resolution). The determination of the resultant involves the determination of

magnitude, direction and position of the resultant.

Resolution of forces
The method to resolve or split a single force into two perpendicular directions is

called resolution of forces.


Forces acting Resolved components
Parallelogram law of forces

This law is the basic law in mechanics for finding the resultant of concurrent force. This
law states that”If two forces acting simultaneously on a body at a point are
represented in magnitude and direction by the two adjacent sides of a parallelogram,
their resultant is represented in magnitude and direction by the diagonal of
Parallelogram which passes through the point of intersection of the two sides
representing the forces.
Let F1 and F2 be two forces acting at a point O and be the angle between them. Let
OA and OB represent forces F1 and F2 respectively both in magnitude and direction.
The resultant R of F1 and F2 can be obtained by completing a parallelogram with OA
and OB as the adjacent sides of the parallelogram. The diagonal OC of the
parallelogram represents the resultant R both magnitude and direction.
Triangle law of forces
If two forces acting simultaneously on a particle can be
represented both in magnitude and direction by the two
sides of a triangle taken in order, then the magnitude and
direction of the resultant can be represented by the third
side of a triangle, taken in opposite order.
Q
R
Q
P
P
Polygon law of force
• If a number of forces acting on a particle can be represented
in both magnitude and direction by the sides of polygon taken
in order, then the resultant can be represented in magnitude
and direction by the closing side of the polygon taken in
opposite order. This is illustrated in figure.
F2

F4 F1
F1
F3
O F2
R

F4
F3
Principle of resolved components

It may be noted that to get the rectangular components of a given force travel from

the tail of the force line to arrowhead in the direction of the required coordinates.

Then the direction of travel gives the direction of component forces. From the

triangle law the magnitude of the forces can be calculated.


EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES

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