INFORMATION

AGE:
STS
101
ABSTRACTION
The information age is believed to
have started in the last quarter of
the 20th century and it is
characterized by rapid, effortless
access, and management of
information through written or
digital publications with the use of
computers and computer
networks. There is rapid evolution
and advancement in the way by
which humans convey message,
information and emotions through 2
 Cuneiform (3000 BCE): The earliest known
writing system, developed in Mesopotamia
ANCIENT ERA (modern-day Iraq) around 3000 BCE.
(3000 BCE - 500 Cuneiform was used to record business
transactions, laws, and literature.
CE)

Papyrus (2500 BCE): The ancient Egyptians

used papyrus to record important
documents, including stories, poetry, and
legal contracts

Ink and Quill (500 BCE): The ancient

Greeks and Romans used ink and quill pens
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under to write on parchment or papyrus...
CC BY-NC-ND

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 MEDIEVAL ERA (500 CE - 1500
CE)

Monastic Scriptoria (500 CE): Monasteries

became centers of learning and manuscript
production, with monks copying texts by
hand.

Printing Press (1450 CE): Johannes

Gutenberg's invention of the movable-type
printing press revolutionized book
production and dissemination.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY-SA

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 EARLY MODERN ERA (1500 CE -
1800 CE)

Typography (1500 CE): The invention of

moveable type allowed for mass production
of printed materials, including books,
newspapers, and pamphlets.

Encyclopedias (1700 CE): The publication

of encyclopedias, such as Diderot's
"Encyclopédie" (1751-1772), marked the
beginning of organized knowledge
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under dissemination.
CC BY-SA-NC

5
 Inventions of Computers: The first general-
purpose digital computers, such as the ENIAC in
EARLY the 1940s, laid the foundation for the Information
Age. These early machines were initially used for
FOUNDATIONS scientific and military purposes but gradually
(1940S- 1960S) spread to other sectors.

Transistors and Microchips: The invention of

the transistor in 1947 and the development of
integrated circuits in the 1950s drastically
increased the efficiency and power of computers,
allowing for the miniaturization of technology.

Broadcast Media: Information was spread

primarily through traditional means like
newspapers, radio and television. These mass
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under media outlets were the main sources of
CC BY-SA information dissemination to the public.

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 THE RISE OF
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
(1950S- 1970S)
• Telephones: The widespread use of
telephones in homes and business in the
1950s and 1960s allowed for more direct
communication. Information was shared
rapidly over long distances for the first time
through voice communication.
• Satellites and Global Broadcasting: The
launch of communication satellites like
Telstar in 1962 enabled international
broadcasting , allowing television and radio
signals to be transmitted across continents.
• Emergence Of ARPANET: In 1969,
ARPANET, The Precursor To The Internet ,
Was Developed By The U.S Department Of
Defense, Allowing For The First Remote
Sharing Of Data Between Computers Across
Locations. 7
Personal Computing
Revolution (1970s-1980s)

PERSONAL COMPUTERS : the introduction of personal

computers like the apple ii (1977) and ibm pc (1981)
marked a major shift. people could now process and store
information locally in their homes and businesses.

SOFTWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEMS : the

development of soft ware and user-friendly operati ng systems
like ms-dos (1981) and windows (1985) allowed non-specialists
to interact with computers more easily, boosti ng producti vity
and enabling greater informati on exchange.

MODEMS AND BULLETIN BOARD SYSTEMS (BBS ):

the rise of modems allowed computers to connect over
telephone lines, giving birth to early online communiti es, where
users shared informati on via bbs.
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THE
INTERNET
ERA World Wide Web (1991): Tim Berners-
(1990S- Lee’s creation of the World Wide Web
PRESENT) in 1989–1991 revolutionized the way
information was spread. Websites
became a new platform for publishing
and accessing information. By the
mid-1990s, the internet was growing
rapidly, allowing information to be
shared globally, nearly
instantaneously.
Search Engines: The development of
search engines like Google (1998)
made it easier to find specific
information in the vast and growing
digital universe.
Email: Email became a ubiquitous
method of communication, speeding
up information dissemination between 9
individuals, businesses, and
 THE MOBILE AND SOCIAL MEDIA
REVOLUTION (2000S-PRESENT)
Mobile Phones & Smartphones: Mobile phones became widespread in the 1990s, but the Streaming Services and Digital
advent of smartphones in the 2000s (especially the iPhone in 2007) radically changed how Multimedia
information was spread. Apps, web browsers, and social media became central to daily life.
SMS and Instant Messaging: Text messaging and instant messaging services (e.g., WhatsApp,
Facebook Messenger) allowed for quick, direct sharing of information on a personal level, replacing Video and Audio Streaming:
slower forms of communication.
Social Media Platforms: Platforms like Facebook (2004), YouTube (2005), Twitt er (2006), and Platforms like YouTube, Netflix,
Instagram (2010) enabled mass sharing of content, ranging from personal updates to global news,
allowing individuals to become content creators. Social media became a dominant way of and Spotify allowed information
spreading information.
and entertainment to be streamed
directly to users. People could
access vast libraries of content,
including news, educational
videos, music, and films, on-
demand.
Podcasts and Webinars: Podcasts
and webinars became popular
ways to share information,
providing flexible, on-demand 10
 Cloud Cloud Storage: Big Data and Artificial AI AND
Cloud computing Analytics: The MACHINE
Computing rise of big data
Intelligence LEARNING: AI
services such as
and Big Data Google Drive, analytics allowed and technologies have
(2010s-Present) Dropbox, and for the processing Automation increasingly been
Microsoft of massive used to curate and
OneDrive allowed amounts of spread information.
information to be information. Algorithms on
stored and accessed Companies and social media,
from anywhere organizations could search engines, and
with an internet now analyze user e-commerce
connection, behavior and platforms now
enabling trends, offering determine what
collaborative work personalized content is shown to
and instant access content and users, influencing
to data. recommendations how information is
based on data. consumed.
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THE EMERGENCE OF FAKE NEWS
If truthful news is available, so does fake news. This fake news
continues to circulate throughout various forms of print and
nonprint media. Pew Research Center showed that for people
under 30, online news is becoming more popular than TV, news
while those people under 50 get half of their news online and
the rest on TV.
Fake news is becoming viral because there are more and more
people being involved in disseminating them. Sometimes it is
easier and more convenient for people to share the fake news
than to actually go over the information and evaluate for its
reliability.
One more factor that contributes to rapid dissemination of fake
news is confirmation bias. People tend to accept information
that confirms their beliefs and opinions. It is a sense of
pleasure to share information they believe in even if it may not
actually be truthful or valid.
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HOW TO SPOT FAKE NEWS
Fake news tends to spread as fast as Notice spelling errors and dramatic
contagious diseases are. So, it is just punctuations from the article. Check if the
necessary to be guided and guarded from
story is current or recycled.
the ignorance and further damage that
can be brought about by misinformation. Check the sources and citations.
The following practical tips from Nagler, C.
How did you find the article?
(2017) of Harvard Division of Continuing Who is (or is not) quoted, and what do they
Education can help us spot a fake news: say?
1.Vet the publisher's credibility. Is the information available on other sites?
Try to consider these questions whenever Can you perform reverse researches and
we See an article that captures our images?
attention.
Would the publishing site meet the A reliable article is usually quoted or posted
academic citation standards? on other websites. Library databases can be
What is the domain name? used for confirming the credibility of
What is the publication's point of view? information presented in an article. Also, by
Who is the author? checking cited sources, you can confirm that
2.Pay attention to quality and timeliness. the information presented has been
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accurately applied and not modified to
THANK YOU