Lesson 1

Kinship, Marriage,
and the
Household
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students
are expected to
●Describe the organized nature of social
life and rules governing behavior
●Compare different social forms of
social organization according to their
manifest and latent functions
 What’s In?

What is the role of

the family in the
society?
 Introduction
Every society has formed social institutions to meet
all their basic needs. One of these is the institution of the
family. The family is the basic unit of the society. The
structure of the family may vary from one society to the
other. It may vary from one culture to the other as well.
As we grow older (adult), our social group will
expand. We will meet new faces/people in our
neighborhood, in the community, at work, in social
organizations, in social media, etc. By this, we begin to
relate ourselves to the opposite sex by way of having boy-
girl relationship. And in the right time, from there, we will
be able to establish a society through a family.
 Kinship and Descent
Kinship (kaugnayan ng magkamag-anak)
is a social institution that refers to
relations formed between members of the
society.

Descent (pinagmulan ng angkan) refers

to the origin or background of a person in
terms of family or nationality. It is a
biological relationship
 Principles of Descent

Unilineal Descent
Usually traced through a single
Patrilineal Descent
line of ancestors either from the
Matrilineal Descent patrilineal or matrilineal descent
but not both.
Bilateral Descent
 Principles of Descent

Unilineal Descent

Patrilineal Descent
affiliates a person with a
group of relatives
Matrilineal Descent
through his or her father.
Bilateral Descent
 Principles of Descent

Unilineal Descent
affiliates a person with a
Patrilineal Descent
group of relatives
Matrilineal Descent through his or her
Bilateral Descent
mother.
 Principles of Descent

Unilineal Descent affiliates a person with a

group of relatives through
Patrilineal Descent
either his or her parents.
Matrilineal Descent Kinship is traced through
both ancestral lines of the
Bilateral Descent
mother and the father
Types of
Kinship
 A. Consanguineal kinship or kinship based on blood
(kadugo)
It is considered as the most basic and general
form of relations. The relationship is achieved by
birth or blood affinity. It is commonly called as
relatives by blood. Examples are the relationship
or connection between parents and their
children, between siblings, between
nephews/nieces and aunts/uncles.
B. Affinal kinship or kinship based on marriage

refers to the type of relations

developed when a marriage occurs.
The husband forms new relations
with his wife and her family likewise
the wife forms new relations with his
husband and his family.
The Family Code of the Philippines
defines marriage as a special contract of
permanent union between a man and a
woman entered into in accordance with
law for the establishment of conjugal and
family life. Marriage is an important social
institution wherein two persons, a man
and a woman, enter into family life.
1. Marriage across Cultures
a. Endogamy and Exogamy
b. Monogamy and Polygamy
1. Marriage across Cultures
a. Endogamy and Exogamy
b. Monogamy and Polygamy
2. Referred Marriage and Arrange Marriages
a. Referred marriage happens when someone
finds his/her partner through friends, relatives or
people who act as matchmakers.
b. Arranged marriage is usually called fixed
marriage. It happens when marriage is
arranged by the parents of the groom and bride.
 Types of Arranged Marriages
Child marriage. The parents of a small child arrange a future
marriage with another child's parents. The children are betrothed to
each other.
Exchange Marriage. This form of marriage involves a reciprocal
exchange of spouses between two nations, groups, or tribes.
Diplomatic Marriage: Marriages are arranged for political reasons,
to cement alliances between royal families.
Modern arranged marriage: The parents choose several possible
mates for the child, sometimes with the help of the child (who may
indicate which photos he or she likes, for example).
 Post Marital Residency Rules (based on
residence)
● Patrilocal residence occurs when the married couple
stays with or near the husband’s kin or relatives.
● Matrilocal residence occurs when the married couple
stays with or near the wife’s kin or relatives
● Biolocal residence happens when the couple stays
with the husband’s kin or the wife’s kin alternately.
● Neolocal residence happens when the couple stays or
build a home independently from the husband or wife’s
kin.
● Avuncolocal residence occurs when the couple
resides with or near the maternal uncle of the groom.
 Compadrazgo, literally translated as godparent
(ninong and ninang). This can be done through the
performance of Catholic rituals like baptism,
confirmation, and marriage. This compadrazgo
becomes the spiritual parents of the child or as co-
parents.
The godson or goddaughter is called inaanak.
Family and
the
Household
 The family is considered the basic
unit of social organization. It is made up of
a group of individuals who are linked
together by marriage, blood relations, or
adoption.
 Types of Family
● A nuclear family is a type of family that is made up of a
married couple (parents) and their biological or adopted
children.
● An extended family is composed of two or more nuclear
families in a household. Some of the relatives are living with
the nuclear family. It is an expanded household composed of
three or more generations. It may include great
grandparents, grandparents, the parents, the children and
other relatives.
 Types of Family
●A blended family is a type of family where
both the parents (father and mother) have
children from previous marital relationships
but all the members stay in one household to
form a new family. This is also called a step
family, reconstituted family, or a complex
family.
 Types of Family
● Conditionally separated family is a type of family where
a member is separated from the rest of the family due to
employment, military service, sickness, etc.
● Transnational family is a type of a family who lives in
more than one country. They may spend part of each year
from one country to the other. This is caused due to
employment or military service of parents.
Kinship of Politics: Political
Dynasties and Alliances
 In the Philippines, political dynasties refer to
family members who are involved in politics for
several generations. Most politicians elected in
public offices and government positions are
relatives.
Political alliances. Political parties tend to
align or agree to cooperate to each other for
common political agenda; to ensure victory in the
elections or guarantee the passage of legislation.
Activity 1 Family Photo Collage
Directions: Make your personal family photo collage If possible, place
picture in each member of the family; label it. After labelling, identify
what type of family is your family, you will be graded based on the
following criteria.
Criteria 4 3 2 1

The output presents the information in a clear

and comprehensive manner.
The output employs artistic techniques which do
not distract from the information or message
being conveyed
The output effectively uses text such as labels,
captions, and descriptions to clarify information
or convey a message.