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Nature of Statistical Data Group 3

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7 views

Nature of Statistical Data Group 3

Uploaded by

khatebaldon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Nature of statistical

data
By: Group
3
What is
statistics?
Statistics is a branch
of applied
mathematics that
involves the
collection,
description, analysis,
and inference of
conclusions from
quantitative data.
What is Nature
of statistical
Data?
Nature statistical of
data
• The “nature of statistical data”
refers to the fundamental
characteristics and properties
that define the kind of
information we’re dealing with. It
helps us understand how to
collect, analyze, and interpret the
data effectively.
Different levels
of measurement
for data
Nominal data

• Nominal Data are numerical in name only


because they do not have the properties
of any number which deals with ordinary
arithmetic.
• Categories with no order

• Example:
• MEAL PREFERENCE: Breakfast, Lunch,
Dinner
• RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE: 1 = Buddhist, 2
= Muslim, 3 = Christian, 4 = Jewish
Example:
- Eye color: Blue, brown, green, hazel.
There's no inherent order; no color is
"better" than another.

- Types of fruit: Apple, banana, orange,


grape. Again, no inherent ranking.

- Country of origin: USA, Canada, Mexico,


Japan. These are simply labels.
Ordinal Data
• Ordinal data refers to "order" in measurement. An
ordinal scale indicates direction, in addition to
providing nominal information.

•Ordered categories

Example:
RANK: 1st place, 2nd place... last place
LEVEL OF AGREEMENT: No, Maybe, Yes
Example:
• Pain level: No pain, mild pain, moderate
pain, severe pain. Order is clear, but the
intervals are not precisely measurable.
.
• Socioeconomic status: Low, middle, high.
These categories have an order, but the
intervals are subjective.
Interval data
- Interval data provide information about order, and
also possess equal intervals.
• Ordered with consistent
differences

Example:

TIME OF DAY on a 12-hour clock


POLITICAL ORIENTATION: Score on standardized scale
of political orientation
Example:
• Temperature in Celsius or Fahrenheit: The
difference between 10°C and 20°C is the same as
the difference between 20°C and 30°C. However,
0°C doesn't mean the absence of temperature.

• Scores on a test: A score of 80 is higher


than a score of 70, and the difference is
consistent. However, a score of 0 doesn't
necessarily mean the absence of
knowledge.
Ratio Data
• Ratio data is the most informative level of
measurement. If quotient is formed among data.
This includes all usual measurement of lengths,
height, amount of money, weight, volume, area,
time velocity and so on.
• Ordered, consistent differences,
and true zero
Example:

RULER: inches or centimeters


YEARS of work experience
Example:
• Income: An income of 0 means no
income. The ratios are meaningful.

• Height: A height of 0 means no height. The


difference between 1 meter and 2 meters is the
same as the difference between 2 meters and 3
meters.
Quiz Time!🥰
Instruction: Identify the following
examples, Nominal,Ordinal,Interval,Ratio.
1. Height (0 inches represents no
height)
2. Temperature in degrees Celsius (the
difference between 10°C and 15°C is the
same as between 20°C and 25°C)

3.Customer satisfaction ratings (very satisfied, satisfied,


neutral, dissatisfied, very dissatisfied)

4. Types of cars (sedan, SUV, truck)

5. 0 inches represents no height. The difference


between 5 feet and 6 feet is the same as the
difference between 6 feet and 7 feet.
Essay!

What are the four


measurements in
statistics and give the
meaning in each of them.

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