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Calculate The Empirical Formula

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7 views

Calculate The Empirical Formula

Uploaded by

mamamamaltu21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Which is familiar to you?

Cite their uses

• NaCl -Sodium Chloride


• H2O- Dihydrogen monoxide
• C6H12O6- Glucose
• CaCO3-Calcium carbonate
• CO2 - Carbon dioxide
Calculate the
Empirical Formula
from the Percent
Composition of
Compounds
SITUATION:

• If there are 2 brothers and


2 sisters in a family and
there is only one large
cake, how should it be
divided for each to have
equal share?
•What proportion (in
percentage) of the
whole cake did each
one get?
LET’S GIVE A THOUGHT!

• Aside from Mathematics,


where can we also use the
concept of Ratio, Proportion
and percentage?
KEEP IN MIND!
• In chemistry, we often want to be very specific
about a certain chemical. We use chemical
formulas to represent the smallest whole
number ratio of atoms in a compound.
• From this, we can tell the general make-up of a
compound and tells us the relative number of atoms of
each element it contains. H2O contains 2 atoms of H
and 1 atom of O.

 How can we say this at molecular level?


• 1 mole of H2O contains 2 moles of
Hydrogen atoms and 1 mole of
Oxygen atoms
 Chemists use a variety of
notations to describe and
summarize the atomic
constituents of compounds.
 These notations, which include
empirical, molecular, and
structural formulas.
 Empirical formulas are the
simplest form of notation.
• lowest whole number ratio
 The Molecular formula
• ACTUAL FORMULA of the
compound
 Furthermore, the empirical
formula of a compound can
be calculated from the
percent composition.
 Because Percentage is
given, it is convenient to
assume 100.00 grams of the
compound.
•Steps to Determine the Empirical Formula
1. If the data given were in the form of % composition, base your
computations on a 100 g sample of the compound. In these
assumptions, the number of grams of each element equals the %
composition of that element in a compound.
2. Convert the given mass of each element to mole. (no. of mole =
mass of the element/atomic mass of the element) n=mass in
grams/molar mass
3. Divide the mole of each element with the smallest mole value.
Express the quotient with one decimal point. If any of the
following elements has 0.5 on its quotient multiply each by 2
4. The quotient in Step 3 becomes the subscript of each element,
the result is the empirical formula.
SAMPLE PROBLEM:
SO4H2 or it is written as
H2SO4
Chemical name: Sulfuric Acid
Uses: Photography, battery
FIND ME!
CALCULATE THE EMPIRICAL
FORMULA OF THE COMPOUND:
GROUP TASK:
• 1.) By chemical analysis, the composition
of Potassium phosphate is 55.19% K,
14.63% P and 30.19% O. Determine the
empirical formula of the compound.
2. The compound Methyl Butanoate
smells like apples. Its percent
composition is 58.8 % C, 9.8 % H and
31.4 % O. What is the Empirical formula
of the compound?
EXAMPLE:
MEDICINE AND HEALTH, INDUSTRIAL USES
LET’S GENERALIZE:
LET’S GENERALIZE!

 Differentiate Molecular formula vs. Empirical Formula


 What is the importance of knowing how to calculate
empirical formula from percentage composition?
EVALUATION:
Answer the following in a 1/2 sheet of paper
crosswise. Answer only for 5 points each)

• 1. What is empirical formula? Give 1 example


What is molecular formula? Give 1 example
• 2. A compound is found to consist of 7.81% C
and 92.19% Cl. What is the empirical formula of
the compound? (Write your solution)
ASSIGNMENT: Answer in your Notebook

• 1. What is a structural formula?


Give atleast 3 examples with
Structural Model

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