CO&CCP

COKE OVENS
 CPP
• There are 7 types of Coals are using in coal preparation plant.
• In Foreign object seperation section the waste objects in coal will be
separated by using Rotary Screens (>150mm).
• In Mixing bins the separated coal will be blended according to the
blending committee norms. (22 Mixing bins).
• Blending will be determined based on Dozometer.
• What is Dozometer?
• Dozometer is a mechanical equipment which is used to send the
measured amount of coal required for coal blend.
• In Selective crushing section the coal will be reduce the size of
blended coal by using hammer crushers.
• After Crushing the screening will be done in Pneumatic separation
section and accept below 3mm.
MIXING BINS
 BATTERIES
 Heap of bricks arranged in
the form of rectangular shape
is known as battery.
 There are 67 ovens and
68 heating chambers.
 Length=16mt
 Height=7mt
 Width=4 and 40mm
 There are 4 cars in battery
• 1)Charging car
• 2)Pusher car BATTERY FRONT VIEW
• 3)Door extractor car
• 4)Coke/loco car.
 BATTERY TOP

OVEN HEATING CHAMBER

 CDCP
• After pushing the coke from the battery with a temperature of 1050c
it is transferred into CDCP for cooling purpose.
• The CDCP technology is adopted only in VSP steel plant only because in
wet cooling the strength of the coke is reduced.
 CSP
• Coke from CDCP enters the CSP(coke sorting plant) section.
• Here coke is crushed, screened and separated into 3 fractions: BF coke
(i.e., +25 -70mm), Coke Breeze(i.e., +0-15mm) which is sent to sinter
making and Nut coke(i.e., +15-25mm) which is also used in the Blast
Furnaces.
COAL CHEMICAL PLANT
 GAS COLLECTING PLANT
GAS COLLECTING MEAN:-
• The coke oven gas from battery is collected
in GCM
• Through direct cooling the temperature is
reduced to 80 degrees from 800 degrees .
• The flushing liquor[Ammonia and water] is
used as medium for cooling the gas .
PRIMARY GAS COOLING:-
• In primary gas cooling indirect contact cooling takes
place .
• In PGC two systems are present they are :
• Service water pipes ;
• [inlet temperature 80 degrees ,outlet temperature 27
degrees ]
• Chilled water pipes ;
• [inlet temperature 80 degrees,outlet temperature <12
degrees ]
• The tar and napthalene present in the co gas will be
attach to the walls of PGC and collected in the seal pot .
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR :-

• Electrostatic precipitator is used for

cleaning the gas from impurities.
• We use high voltage electrons for
removing impurities and collect in SEAL
POT .
EXHAUSTER :-
• Exhauster maintains the suction of the battery.
• By using double stage centrifugal compressor.
• The outlet pressure is 2500mmwc .
• The inlet pressure is -250mmwc .
• PGC • ESP
FLOW SHEET OF GAS COLLECTING PLANT:
 AMMONIUM SULPHATE PLANT
• Gas from the exhauster send to the preheater
and it’s temperature is reduced up to 60-65
degrees.
• In saturator ,the temperature should be 60-65
degrees.
• Mother liquor[consist of hot water, sulphuric
acid, ammonium bisulphate and ammonium
sulphate] is filled in saturator up to a mark line.
• In saturator , mother liquor, coke oven gas,
nitrogen and sulphuric acid are reacted.
• Nitrogen is sent as it is a inert gas to
increase the rate of process.
• The sulphuric acid traps the gas and form
ammonium bisulphate and collected in the
circulating tank.
• Again ammonium bisulphate is recycled to
saturator.
• Then it forms AMMONIUM SULPHATE .
• The liquid ammonium sulphate is sent to
the crystal receiving tank.
• The liquid ammonium sulphate is formed into
crystals.
• The gas from the saturator is sent to the

ACID TRAP.
• In acid trap high density liquid is collected from the
bottom and low density gas is passed to next
section .
• In crystal receiver tank the yellowish ammonium
sulphate is collected and sent to the centrifuge
separator .
• In centrifuge separator the liquid and the crystals
are separated .
• Hot water is sent to the centrifuge to
melt the tar crystals in liquid .
• The liquid collected is sent back to the
saturator .
• The crystals from the conveyors
transferred to driers .
• The crystals are dried in the driers and
sent to the storage and packaging .
 Final gas cooler
 The coke oven gas from the ammonium sulphate
plant is sent to final gas cooler.
 The feed [co gas] is given to the tower from the
middle section of the tower.
 The tower contains cooling zone at the top and
absorption zone at the bottom.
 From the top of the tower the service water
from pump house-18 is given for cooling.
 After cooling the gas in the cooling zone the
water absorbs naptha from the CO gas.
 In the absorption tar is passed through the absorption
zone and absorbs naptha ,due to gravity the naptha
settles down in the absorption zone.
 The tar present in the absorption zone is separated and
sent to tar distillation plant ,water present there will
float on tar and separated by overflow point.
 The cooled gas is sent to pre-cooler at the temperature
of [45-55] degrees centigrade.
 In the pre-cooler the chilled water is passed through the
pipes as an indirect contact of heat transfer for CO gas .
 The cooled gas at temperature of 25 degrees centigrade
from the pre-cooler is send to benzol scrubber –A .
 In the scrubber the co gas reacts with solanized oil and
removes benzol content from the co gas and forms
benzolized oil.
 By using pumps the oil is sent to benzol scrubber –
B ,where the de-benzolised oil from the benzol
distillation plant is added in to it and reacted co gas is
removed here and used for consumption.
 The de-benzolized oil from the scrubber –B is sent to
scrubber –A here the DBO reacts with solanized oil and
forms benzolised oil.
 The benzolised oil will be collected in benzolised oil
tank.
 From the storage tank the oil by using pumps is sent to
BENZOL DISTILLATION PLANT.
FINAL GAS COOLER FLOWSHEET:-
 BENZOL RECOVERY PLANT
(OBJECTIVES)

• Recovery of Crude Benzol from Co-

gas.
• Recovery of slip Naphthalene from
Co-gas.
• Enriching Tar with Naphthalene
 BENZOL RECOVERY PLANT
• Three Streams of C O gas flow.
• Each stream consists of
– Final Gas Cooler (Tar & Water sections)
– Benzol Scrubbers ( with tower packings)
– Crude Benzol in Coke Oven gas is absorbed in
Debenzolised oil (JBO) in Scrubbers.
– Benzolised oil sent to Benzol Distillation Section of
Benzol Plant.
 BENZOL PLANT
(OBJECTIVES)

• To recover Crude Benzol ( C.B. ) from

Benzolised Oil.
• To remove Impurities from Crude Benzol.
• To produce Benzene, Toluene, LSO, HCB, Sol
110 products from C.B.
 BENZOL PLANT
(SUB-SECTIONS)

• Benzol Distillation Section.

• Hydro Refining Unit.
• Extractive Distillation Unit.
• Crude & Finished Products Storage.
 BENZOL DISTILLATION SECTION

CRUDE BENZOL
CB-I
S
T TO CFPS
COOLERS
R
I C
P
B
P
I
I
CB-I
N C C
B.O
G O B
L II
C
U C
O
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M O
U N L
M STEAM U
N
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LIVE STEAM N
STEAM

CB-II
DBO TO SCRUBBERS
TAR DISTILLATION
PLANT
 TAR DISTILLATION PLANT :-
Tar distillation plant have four sections
they are :-
• Tar oil storage [TOS]
• Tar distillation section [TDS]
• Pitch cooling loading area[PCLA]
• Napthalene section
• Tar from FGC (final gas cooling ) is send to tar oil
storage .
• From the TOS the tar is send to decanter , the
temperature in the decanter is 75-80 degrees
centigrade .
• From the decanter the tar is sent to furnace and from
the furnace the tar is sent to 1st stage evaporator .
• In the 1st stage evaporation after evaporation
reaction the more volatile component present in the
tar is sent to TWIN CONDENSING COOLER 1 [TCC-1].
• The low volatile components like tar is sent to
DEHYDRATE TAR TANK [DTT].
• The recycled tar from the furnace is sent to 2nd stage
evaporator .
• The tar in the DTT from the pumps is sent again to
furnace .
• In the 2nd stage evaporator after the evaporation
reaction completes the more volatile component is
sent to DISTILLATION COLUMN .
• The low volatile component is PITCH [ at the
temperature of 350 degrees ]. The pitch is sent to
pitch cooling loading area [PCLA].
• In the distillation column at 5 different temperatures
5 products are taken.
• The 5 products taken from the distillation column
are cooled in the coolers[temperature 200
degrees.] for reducing the temperature.
• From the coolers the products are stored in
storage tanks.
• The products received from the tar distillation
column at particular temperatures are :-
• Anthracien oil -1 [280-300degrees]
• Anthracien oil -2 [320-330degrees]
• Wash oil [240-280 degrees]
• Napthalein [220-225degrees]
• Phenol [[170-180 degrees]
• The more volatile component collected in TCC-1 from
the 1st stage evaporator are sent to separator -1.
• The more volatile component consist of AMMONIA and
WATER[ at the temperature of 337 degrees] .
• The ammonia liquid and water are separated and stored
in storage tanks.
• The more volatile component collected in TCC-2 from
the 2nd stage evaporator are sent to seperator-2.
• The more volatile component consist of LIGHT OIL.
• The light oil is sent as a reflux to the distillation column .
 PITCH
 Burning the coking coal without presence of air, along
with that moisture the volatile matter is vaporised.
 The vaporised gas condensated in hydraulic mean.
 The condensed liquid is separated in a separator.
 This separated liquid is called as tar .
 This tar is also known as CANCER.
 The nicotine is also called as tar which causes
the lung cancer.
 The tar produces the above 3000 by
products .
 But commercially only 300 by products are
taken around the world .
 In these 300 by products the RINL taken only
7 by products.
 These 7 products are commercial products
because of their profit.
 We can use tar products as a medical
pharmaceutical products.
 Finer lades are made from these tar
products , which is used as a pharmaceutical
process.
 In RINL out of these 7 products PITCH is one
of the product from tar.
 PITCH is one of the product which protect
our self from dangerous animals.
 In tar , 60% PITCH is contained .
 PITCH is used as to prevent the corrosion.
 In paints and pigments the PITCH is used as
a product.
 The pitch along with anthracite oil to
made /formed a product .
 These product is sold as a rubber paint in
outside.
 By using this PITCH, two products are
produced:-
 1) PCM[pitch creaosate mixture]
 2)MHP[medium hard pitch]
 In aluminium extraction, the electrodes are
made by this PITCH.
 IN INDIA ,the pitch production contain 40%
share in RINL.
 PITCH has three types:-
 1) Soft pitch
 2) medium pitch
 3) hard pitch
 The difference between these pitch is based
on their temperatures and their softening
points.
 The softening pitch always a soft pitch at a
atmospheric conditions.
 The solid pitch particle is heated, and it is turn
into liquid stream by melting process that
point is known as softening point.
 Based on these softening point , we can made
a various grades of pitch.
 In RINL ,medium pitch is used.
 Generally , 105 to 108 degrees centigrade
softening point is maintained.
 The wet oil is bubbled at bottom of the
reactor with the help of bubbler.
 In these pitch production , polymerisation
process is occurred.
 To reduce the distance between the two
carbon molecules and these two carbon
molecules are come together is known as
polymerisaton.
 To form a long chain by reducing the distance
between these carbon molecules.
 To escape the lighter particle , the air to be
bubbled in a bubbler.
 The air is burnt by the bubbling process ,the
exothermic reaction will be occurred.
 By this reaction the temperature will be
raised.
 Along with the pressure the lighter particles
are raised .
 And these matter is formed as a vapour state.
 These vaporised state is condense in a cooler.
 These process is known as pitch distillate.